A ship has used autonomous (自主的) sailing technology to complete a trip across world oceans for the first time. The Mayflower Autonomous Ship is a completely autonomous ocean research ship powered by artificial intelligence (AI) technology.
The Mayflower recently completed a five- week trip across the Atlantic Ocean without any humans on board. It set off from the British port of Plymouth on April 27 and arrived in the eastern Canadian city of Halifax on June 5. The 15-meter Mayflower is named after a ship that carried a group of European settlers from Plymouth to North America more than 400 years ago. That famous trip, in 1620, prepared the way for Britain’s colonization (殖民) of what Europeans called the New World.
The Mayflower experienced breakdowns on its latest trip, as well as an earlier attempt to cross the Atlantic. The first attempt, in June 2021, was called off after a breakdown forced the ship to return to Plymouth. Later ,during the latest trip, a problem with the ship’s power system led project organizers to send the ship to Portugal’s Azores in the mid-Atlantic. A team member was flown to the area to perform repairs.
More troubles came in late May when the Mayflower developed another power issue. That trouble was also repaired. But the team decided to send the ship on a new path to Halifax Experts say AI is getting much better at helping self- sailing ships understand their surroundings and pilot themselves. But most autonomous systems cannot repair themselves when the engine fails. The Mayflower is equipped with instruments designed to measure the health of ocean water. Such ships could be used to probe into parts of oceans that are too difficult for people to reach.
1. What can we learn about the Mayflower Autonomous Ship?A.It sailed by itself. |
B.It is over 400 years old. |
C.It is named after the latest ship. |
D.It carried Europeans in the 16th century. |
A.It set off from America. |
B.It turned back halfway. |
C.It received repairs on the scene. |
D.It reached its destination smoothly. |
A.The misuse of AI. |
B.Some machine failures. |
C.Some experts’ suggestions. |
D.The wrong choice of sailing course. |
A.Move. | B.Drag. | C.Improve. | D.Explore. |
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【推荐1】Imagine if there were a robotic fish that filtered microplastic out of the water as it swam. Well, now there is one, and it’s the physical version of the winning concept in the first-ever Natural Robotics Contest.
Announced this May, the University of Surrey’s Natural Robots Contest invited members of the public to give their concepts for animal—or plant-inspired robots capable of performing activities that would help the world.
Plans called for experts from various British and European research centers to select what they thought was the best concept, which would then be made into a real robot. Engineers would proceed to further develop the technology.
The winning concept turned out to be the plastic-collecting Robo-fish, designed by chemistry student Eleanor Mackintosh—who is a University of Surrey student. Mackintosh said, “Fish’s gills are an incredible mechanism in nature that are specialized to filter oxygen into the bloodstream—so I adapted my design from that, with the purpose of dealing with the plastic pollution in the water.”
The robot swims by moving its tail, holding its mouth wide open to-collect water and microplastics in its belly as it does so. Once that cavity is full, the robot closes its mouth, opens its gills, and pushes the water out through. A fine net attached to the gill flaps allows the water to pass through, but captures the microplastic.
In its current physical form, the 50-cm-long Robo-fish collects microplastic as small as 2 millimeters. It also uses sensors to monitor underwater environment, plus it tracks its movements within the water.
Future robots could capture much smaller particles. Other possible improvements include a faster body shape, a more powerful tail, and the ability to swim autonomously.
1. How do the participants attend the Natural Robotics Contest?A.By handing in real robots. | B.By sending the concepts of robots. |
C.By selecting the best robot concepts. | D.By developing the technology of robots. |
A.The enthusiasm for robots. | B.The function of fish’s gills. |
C.The body shape of the fish. | D.The plastic pollution in the water. |
A.How the robotic fish works in water. | B.How the robotic fish is further improved. |
C.Why Mackintosh’s robot won the contest. | D.What materials the robotic fish is made of. |
A.The First Bio-Inspired Robotics Contest | B.The One-Size-Fits-All Solution to Plastics |
C.An Autonomously Operative Robotic Fish | D.A Student-Designed Plastic-Collecting Fish |
【推荐2】Standing desks have become common across Silicon Valley, offering health benefits to those willing to work on their feet. However, due to their high price, they have failed to catch on until now. Recently, Ikea has brought out Bekant convertible(可变换的) standing desk that can become a normal desk at the touch of a button. The $500 adjustable desk can transform from a standard desk to a standing one, and Ikea hopes it could make the standing desk mainstream.
Experts say that changing from a seated to a standing desk can improve productivity. Similar desks have become a common sight at tech firms such as Google, where some employees have even installed treadmill (跑步机) and bicycle desks.
The desk is not the first “convertible” on the market. As early as 2013, Stir Kinect brought out an adjustable desk. The $3,890 Stir Kinect desk has a motor to raise and lower itself, changing it into a standing desk or a traditional desk. The desk can even be programmed to move up and down slightly, making it appear to take a gentle breath to remind the user to change their positions. To move between sitting and standing positions, owners simply double tap on the screen. The desk can learn the user’s preferences over time and suggest the best seating position.
The Stir Kinect desk was created by a team of ex-Apple and Disney engineers. It has a built-in touch screen to control and track movement, and can tell users exactly how many calories they burn by standing during their working day. It also has devices containing power points and USB ports for charging phones, to keep cables hidden.
“ Ikea’s height-adjustable desk is great for opening up the lower end of the market, ’’ said JP Labrosse, founder and CEO of Stir.
1. What is the text mainly about?A.Ikea has brought out an adjustable standing desk. |
B.Silicon Valley offered health benefits to officials. |
C.Google formed their tech firms to design bicycle desks. |
D.The Stir Kinect desk will become mainstream in the market. |
A.Before Bekant desk, similar adjustable desks have been widely used. |
B.The seated desks will take the place of the standing desks in the future. |
C.Compared to the Stir Kinect desk, the Bekant desk is much cheaper. |
D.The adjustable desks were designed by the Apple and Disney Company. |
A.can breathe in and breathe out by pressing the button once |
B.can charge phones by using a device containing power point |
C.can tell you how many calories you need for a walk |
D.can advise you to do more exercise at a proper time |
A.Ikea’s adjustable desk will be popular with average people. |
B.Ikea will have to sell furniture at a lower price in the future. |
C.This height adjustable table can only be found in Ikea. |
D.It is not necessary for Ikea to open up the market at all. |
【推荐3】Smart entertainment is changing how we engage with leisure. By combining cutting-edge technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), augmented reality, and the internet of things with traditional forms of entertainment, this innovation is enhancing users’ experiences.
In 2023, Huawei introduced its Vision Smart TV3, transforming your home into your own amusement park. This innovative technology features groundbreaking AI super-sensing cameras and AI vision chips powered by deep learning and big data. These advanced components see and study your movements, enabling you to control characters through your body gestures. Social media is busy with users sharing their experiences of playing motion-sensing games, which require real-life movements like jumping and squatting instead of simply holding a controller.
The Vision Smart TV is not only cutting-edge but also family-friendly. Turning on the kids mode allows the screen to monitor real-time data, offering suggestions for adjusting a child’s viewing distance and posture. This provides a safe and comfortable entertainment experience for the younger audience. TorieZ, a Huawei Vision Smart TV3 owner and a mother of a 3-year-old daughter, shared her experience on Xiaohongshu. “Thanks to the smart screen, my child maintains good posture without constant supervision because her favorite cartoons stop if she slouches (懒洋洋地坐),” she said. When she’s free, TorieZ and her husband enjoy exercising together under the instructions of the TV.
We can not only play video games merely on the screens; now, with smart entertainment, you can get an immersive experience of Mario Kart, a racing video game, put right into your living room. While playing the game, players can control their karts running in their living rooms. Each kart has an onboard camera on it. The camera can record the layout of where they are and upload it to the Nintendo system. After processing it, some settings, like jungles and snowy landscapes, are created based on the layout and shown on the Switch screen. So, things in your living room, like the sofa and table, your feet or even your cat, can be a part of your game.
Step outside and you can also enjoy smart entertainment experiences. Shanghai Disney Resort uses big data analysis to offer personalized services. In the US and South America, VR World, the largest VR club, gives users super real gaming and travel adventures.
Looking forward, cutting-edge technologies will continue to change how we spend our leisure time.
1. How does Huawei’s Vision Smart TV3 improve user interaction in gaming experiences?A.Through touch-activated screens. |
B.Through voice-activated commands. |
C.Through thought-based gaming controls. |
D.Through immediate responses to motion gestures. |
A.By limiting overall screen time. |
B.By providing exercise instructions. |
C.By restricting access to certain content. |
D.By offering real-time posture monitoring. |
A.The settings are fixed and can’t be changed. |
B.Physical objects in the room can become part of the game. |
C.Players wear VR headsets for a more engaging experience. |
D.Players interact with AI characters in the game. |
A.Having fun in new ways | B.How to spend our leisure time |
C.Cutting-edge technologies | D.Innovative video games |
【推荐1】Facial recognition software has found an unlikely new application: scanning the faces of thousands of British children in school canteens.
Nine schools in North Ayrshire will today start taking lunch payments by scanning the faces of pupils, claiming that the new system speeds up queues and is more secure than the card payments and fingerprint scanners they used previously. “It’s the fastest way of recognising someone at the till,” said David Swanston, the managing director of CRB Cunninghams, the company that installed the systems. “In a secondary school you have around a 25-minute period to serve potentially 1,000 pupils. So we need fast productivity at the point of sale.” He said the average transaction time was cut to five seconds per pupil.
However, privacy campaigners say there is little need to spread out facial recognition technology, which has been criticized for often operating without gaining approvals from the owners. Swanston argued that CRB Cunningham’s system, which uses cameras to check against coded face-print modes stored on servers at the schools, was different from live facial recognition systems that scan through crowds to identify faces. Live facial recognition has previously caused debate after being used by schools for security or to monitor attendance.
North Ayrshire committee said that 97 percent of children or their parents had given agreement for the new system. “Pupils often forget their PINs and unfortunately some have also been the victim of PIN cheating, so they are supportive of the planned developments and appreciate the benefits to them,” the council said.
But some parents said they were unsure whether their children had been given enough information to make their decision, and suggested that peer pressure had also played a role.
1. What can we infer from Swanston’s word?A.He speaks highly of the system. |
B.The software is intended to promote the sales. |
C.The technology has previously caused debate. |
D.The system will be helpful when the students forget their PINs. |
A.It speeds up the queues. |
B.It is safer than the previous payments. |
C.It operates without being approved of. |
D.It benefits the pupils who often forget their PINs. |
A.Supportive | B.Disapproved |
C.Objective | D.Critical |
A.Facial recognition has been the best way adopted so far. |
B.Parents disagree with the application of facial recognition system. |
C.The facial recognition system can benefit the pupils who are forgetful. |
D.Schools speed up canteen queues with facial recognition technology. |
【推荐2】For people, who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely making noise. In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of today’s sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.
Sound can be used as a weapon. Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can’t let him get away. He pulls out a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on. The thief drops to the ground. This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device (LRAD,远程定向声波发射器). It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person. The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that person, but it is not deadly.
For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence. Let’s say you are at the airport, and the little boy on the seat next to you is humming (哼唱) a short commercial song. He hums it over and over again, and you are about to go crazy. Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. One may wonder how the Silence Machine works. Well, it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. The two sets of waves cancel each other out. Simply turn the machine or point it at the target, and your peace and quiet comes back.
Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound in much the same way as spotlights (聚光灯) are used in the theater. A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly, “spotsound” creates a circle of sound in one targeted area. This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers. Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers to have more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining. Directed sound is also beginning to appear in shopping centers and even at homes.
1. How does the police officer make the thief drop to the ground?A.By injuring one of the thief’s legs. | B.By directing a ray of light at the thief. |
C.By frightening the thief to some degree. | D.By making the noise travel into the thief’s ears. |
①It can be pointed at the target.
②It can lower the sound around you.
③It can silence the people around you.
④It can check the waves of the incoming sound.
⑤It can send out a second set of outgoing waves.
A.①④⑤ | B.②④⑤ | C.③④⑤ | D.②③⑤ |
A.Why spotlights are used in the theater. | B.What practical uses of directed sound are. |
C.How directed sound travels in certain places. | D.How restaurants and stores attract customers. |
A.Ways sound products were invented. | B.New theories about the working of sound. |
C.New products based on sound technology. | D.Ways sound scientists cooperate with others. |
【推荐3】A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
1. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?A.To explain the use of a software program. |
B.To show the cleverness of Project Debater. |
C.To introduce the designer of Project Debater. |
D.To emphasize the fairness of the competition. |
A.Arguments. | B.Doubts. | C.Errors. | D.Differences. |
A.Create rules. | B.Comprehend meaning. |
C.Talk fluently. | D.Identify difficult words. |
A.Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. |
B.The human brain has potential yet to be developed. |
C.Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. |
D.Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. |
【推荐1】Multi- tasking can get you through the day, but “deep work” is important to your sense of purpose and success.
“Zero distractions” is what Cal Newport, author of Digital Minimalism: Choosing a Focused Life in a Noisy World, stresses and he believes that it is required to have a session of focused productivity he calls “deep work”.
Is a zero-distraction moment even possible for most of us these days? After all, every technical invention that makes our lives more convenient, like phones and apps and streaming services, are built for a multi-tasking lifestyle.
Add to your grocery list. Press “buy” on a shopping website. Book a table for this weekend. All of these are things many of us do at the same time—and all too often while we're doing something else, like working.
Newport described the disadvantages of this lifestyle in an interview with The New York Times, “Every time you switch your attention from one target to another and then back again, there's a cost. This changing creates an effect that scientists call attention residue, which can lower your cognitive capacity for an important amount of time before it clears. If you constantly make ‘quick checks’ of different kinds of inventions and inboxes, you will keep yourself in a state of constant attention residue, which is a terrible idea if you're someone who uses your brain to make a living.”
Instead of moving from activity to activity, Newport advises us to actively make time for “deep work" every day, time when we are focused on a cognitively challenging task without interruption from anything else. This could be reading or learning a language or meeting a professional goal. The important part is that it needs to be an activity you can put all your energy and attention into wholeheartedly.
Getting in the habit of working deeply will, says Newport, lead you to the conclusion that “concentration is a super power”.
1. What's the purpose of paragraph 4?A.To give us examples of multi-tasking. | B.To show us how to do online shopping. |
C.To tell the disadvantages of multi- tasking. | D.To tell us what we should do while working. |
A.It's a great idea. | B.It seems powerful. | C.It can be harmful. | D.It's good for memory. |
A.Setting a high goal for life. | B.Sparing time for “deep work”. |
C.Using the latest technologies. | D.Doing something unknown |
A.Tips on Work | B.Different Lifestyles |
C.A New Shopping Habit | D.The Necessity of Deep Work |
【推荐2】Seamounts are mountains, usually volcanoes, which rise up from the sea floor. Some of the volcanoes are extinct; some are still active. But they are hard to find for the reason that they do not reach the surface of the water. Scientists say seamounts cover nearly 29 million square kilometers of this planet under the sea. Marine life gathers at seamounts because they carry nutrient-rich water upward from the sea floor.
In September, a group of scientists set out to explore Cook Seamount which rises almost 4,000 meters from the Pacific Ocean floor about 160 kilometers off the island of Hawaii. Never have humans seen it up close before.
Three people went in a submarine down to over 900 meters below the ocean surface to the top of the seamount. As the blue waters became darker, underwater creatures that chemically create their own light began to swim past the submarine. The scientists found several kinds of deep sea corals, including a possible new species of coral they named “Purple Haze”, on the seamount’s sides.
Conservation International and the University of Hawaii worked together for the trip to Cook Seamount. Greg Stone, the lead scientist, said, “This three-day research is the start of an effort to survey seamounts throughout the Pacific Ocean over the next five years, and we hope to study a total of 50 seamounts.” He said humans have little knowledge about seamounts, but they are a “key part” of what drives the ocean. Stone said he wanted to find out what is living on the seamounts and how they support ocean life. From that, he says, we will understand ocean health, which relates directly to human health.
M. Sanjayan, Executive Vice President of Conservation International, said there were 10,000 or maybe 100,000 seamounts across the world’s oceans and because most had not been explored, he expected they would see things new to science.
One of the other two seamounts studied on their trip was Lo’ihi, an active volcano, which has been studied over the past 30 years. The scientists saw an “old friend” on it-a shark they had seen there before. Scientists say volcanic activity of Lo’ihi pushes the seamount upward. But do not look for it to break the surface of the water any time soon.
1. Why is it difficult to find seamounts?A.Because there are too few seamounts. |
B.Because they can’t be seen above the sea. |
C.Because it’s dangerous to get close to seamounts. |
D.Because many seamounts are not high. |
A.There is no sunlight around the top of Cook Seamount. |
B.Scientists found some new species on Cook Seamount. |
C.The height of Cook Seamount is about 900 meters. |
D.Underwater creatures can create their own light. |
A.They will study 10 seamounts every year. |
B.Their survey aims at 50 seamounts around the world. |
C.They know little about how seamounts influence the ocean. |
D.They want to find out how ocean health relates to human healt |
A.Lo'ihi is a new discovery during that trip. |
B.Lo'ihi is the only active volcano under the Pacific. |
C.Lo'ihi may become an island many many years later. |
D.Lo'ihi must have had volcanic activity in recent years. |
A.Undersea Creatures and Seamounts |
B.New Discoveries Under the Ocean |
C.Scientists Surveyed the Creatures In the Sea |
D.Scientists Explored Seamounts |
【推荐3】What are the most sustainable crops to grow for food security? Perhaps, in your growing zones, oranges or peaches win for best fruit crop.Hot, dry climates might call for dates or grapes.For me, growing organic apples is the best.Perhaps that’s because my hometown knows more about growing and preserving apples than any other fruit.
Some apples may have worms in them.“It’s not that bad. It’s organic.Just cut the worm out.”I laugh even as I type this.For us, “organic”is how we grow apples, but it does mean carving good fruit away from black worm holes.Modern techniques for growing organic apples include worm traps, fruit barriers, and organic insecticides, like bacterial poisons that only target worms.
Wormy apples are just fine for apple juice and jam, Mom says.Cut off the good part and throw it in the pot.Throw the bad part to the chickens.Boil the fruit and put juice into canning jars.Apple jam become pancake topping and the replacement “oil” in recipes — that is, if we don’t eat it directly out of the jar.
Apples are now so symbolic to American life that other countries try out the market.When I was younger, I might have laughed at that because of how connected apples and American stories have become, despite the fact that apples aren’t native to North America.But a good friend, after visiting several farms in his motherland Nigeria, showed me photos of Nigerian apples. The skin texture (质地) and color resembled American apples, but they were shaped more like oxheart tomatoes.So even though apples have taken on symbolic significance in America, they can contribute to food security in all kinds of places.
1. What’s the passage mainly about?A.Organic food and modern techniques. |
B.American and African apples. |
C.Climate and growing crops. |
D.Apples and food security. |
A.They are thrown away. | B.They are made into apple juice. |
C.They are sold to customers. | D.They are fed to the chickens. |
A.Apples are not native to North America. |
B.Other countries are also growing apples. |
C.Apples outside America are ugly-looking. |
D.People of other countries don’t like apples. |
A.America produces the best apples of the world. |
B.Poisons are no longer used on apples in America. |
C.The author is proud of apples grown in his hometown. |
D.Apple juice and jam are actually made from wormy apples. |