In England, recently three foreign gentlemen came to a bus stop and waited. About five minutes later, the bus they wanted came along. They were just going to get on when suddenly there was a loud noise behind them. People rushed onto the bus and tried to push them out of the way. Someone shouted at them. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see what all the trouble was about. The three foreigners seemed all at sea and looked embarrassed. No one had told them about the British custom of lining up for a bus that the first person who arrives at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus.
Learning the language of a country isn’t enough. If you want to have a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your host country. You will probably be surprised by just how different they can be from your own. A visitor to India would do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at table. The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. Also in India, you might see a man shaking his head at another to show that he doesn’t agree. But in many parts of India a shake of the head means agreement. Nodding your head when you are given a drink in Bulgaria will most probably leave you thirsty.
1. The British people tried to push the three gentlemen out of the way, because the gentlemen .| A．were foreigners | B．didn’t have tickets |
| C．made a loud noise | D．didn’t line up for the bus |
| A．learn the language of the country |
| B．understand the manners and customs of the country |
| C．have enough time and money |
| D．make friends with the people there |
| A．Tired. | B．Disappointed. |
| C．Confused. | D．Pleased. |
| A．pass food with the left hand |
| B．use the right hand for passing food at table |
| C．shake your head |
| D．nod your head |
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【推荐1】You don't need to spend a long layover(短暂停留) in a passenger lounge. Some airports offer free or low-cost local tours to connecting passengers. "If you have a five- or six-hour layover, you can easily see several things, "said Brendan Dorsey of The Points Guy, a site devoted to traveling on points and miles. Some tours have fees, and it's important to check on visa requirements.
| Incheon Airport, South Korea South Korea’s main airport makes it simple to visit the capital city of Seoul. Passengers can tour temples, caves and palaces, or even sign up for downtown shopping. " You only need a couple hours, "Dorsey says. "It's a stress-free way to see the city. |
| Istanbul Airport Istanbul recently opened a new $12 billion airport, but continues a long tradition of free tours for passengers on its flagship airline, Turkish Airlines. Passengers with at least a six-hour layover can hit top historic districts and have a chance to sample Turkish food. And those with a layover of more than 20 hours may even be offered for a free hotel stay. |
| Narita Airport, Japan With just a few hours in Japan, you still have time to dress up like a samurai or ninja on one of several English-speaking trips offered by the airport. Along with a cosplay visit to a historic theme park, visitors can tour temples, take a nature hike or sample a home-style Japanese meal. Tours are free but don't include the cost of public transportation or entrance fees. |
| Taoyuan International Airport, Taiwan If your layover lasts from seven to 24 hours, you're offered free tours of the island. Passengers can store their bags at the airport, freeing them up to take their choice of two half-day city tours provided by the Taiwan Tourism Bureau. Tours can be booked on arrival but often fill up, making reservations advisable. |
1. Which of the following is true for the layover passengers according to the passage?
| A．None of the airports listed in the passage charge layover passengers fees. |
| B．Passengers can take free public transport to visit a historic theme park from Narita Airport. |
| C．Passengers are advised to book their trips in advance if they want to tour around Taiwan. |
| D．Passengers can get dressed up and have a free hotel stay provided by Incheon Airport. |
| A．Stay in a hotel free of charge. |
| B．Visit of historical temples. |
| C．Convenience of shopping downtown. |
| D．Taste of traditional food. |
【推荐2】Have you ever been really hungry, but there wasn’t much to eat in your kitchen? Did you throw together a bunch of stuff you had on hand and were pleasantly surprised when it tasted good? You aren’t alone. Some of our favorite foods were created by accident. Here’s a sample menu of some familiar foods that never would have happened if someone hadn’t created them by mistake.
POTATO CHIPS
One of the world’s favorite snacks is the result of a complaint. In 1853, a man was eating dinner at Moon’s Lake House in Saratoga Springs, New York. He ordered fried potatoes, a popular side dish. But when they came out of the kitchen, he didn’t think they were crispy enough. He sent them back to the kitchen, where Chef George Crum was so angry at having his cooking criticized that he sliced the potatoes really thin, put lots of salt on them, and fried them. Not only did the diner love them, but everyone else did, too. They soon became a specialty of the restaurant.
TOFU
Tofu, or bean curd, is made by curdling (使凝结) fresh soya milk, pressing it into a solid block, and then cooling it. Tofu was accidentally invented in China 2,000 years ago, when a cook added seaweed to soya milk, which made it curdle. This is the same process that is used for making cheese. Like cheese, tofu is a great example of how really messing up a recipe can create something unexpectedly good.
CHEESE PUFFS
Did you ever wonder who thought up cheese puffs? The company that invented them wasn’t even trying to make food for people. It was trying to make animal feed. In the 1930s, the Flakall Company of Wisconsin made animal food from small, flaked pieces of grain. One day, an employee, Edward Wilson, watched workers pouring cornmeal (谷粉) into the flaking machine, wetting it to keep it from clogging (堵塞). Because the machine was very hot, the wet cornmeal came out of it in puffy ribbons that hardened when they hit the air. Wilson took some of the ribbons home, added oil and flavoring to them, and voila! Cheese puffs!
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?| A．Bean curd dates back to 2000 years ago in China. |
| B．Chef George Crum didn’t like to criticize others’ cooking. |
| C．Hot wet cornmeal turned soft when they hit the air. |
| D．The invention of cheese got its inspiration from Tofu. |
| A．They are the results of complaints. |
| B．They were not created on purpose. |
| C．They weren’t originally made for people. |
| D．They are all popular throughout the world. |
| A．To compare the features of some foods. |
| B．To inform readers of some foods. |
| C．To recommend some nutritious foods. |
| D．To introduce the origins of some foods. |
【推荐3】Rivers are very important. Humans rely on them for food and water. But rivers can destroy things, too. They can flood, or rise over their banks, making the water run into the nearby land. Floods can also kill humans and wildlife. However, floods are not always bad. Some ecosystems need them every once in a while.
Flooding can not only drown animals but also destroy habitats. For example, a flood in India in 2012 killed many one－horned rhinos. Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks, which makes the water dirty. Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams, preventing the river from flowing. Sometimes flood waters can carry pollution to the sea and harm marine life. In addition, flood waters can carry disease, including hepatitis A and cholera.
However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems. Flood waters carry nutrients to the nearby land. Over time, the water dries up and leaves behind particles (微粒) of dirt and mud. The particles are called sediment(沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and helps plants grow. Floods are important to some animals as well. For instance, some animals see floods as a sign that it is time to mate or migrate. Floods leave sediment on river beds where baby fish can grow and carry nutrients for small animals in the water to eat. Moreover, in dry seasons, water might dry up, but floods help refill the wetlands, keeping the ecosystem going.
Floods are a part of nature. They can destroy living things and the environment. But some ecosystems need floods to survive.
1. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “clog” in paragraph 2?| A．become | B．pollute | C．block | D．develop |
| A．Nutrients carried by floods can make soil richer. |
| B．Floods make all the animals migrate more easily. |
| C．Tiny fish going with floods feed some animals. |
| D．Floods can improve the dirt and help plants grow. |
| A．The way in which floods feed animals. | B．The benefits of floods to ecosystems. |
| C．An effective means of improving soil. | D．The reason for people’s appreciating floods. |
| A．The Many Effects of Flooding. | B．The Secret of Flooding. |
| C．Floods－Not Everything Is So Bad. | D．Floods－a Part of Nature. |
【推荐1】For the British, the home is a private place in which he or she goes to hide away from the troubles of life. It is very seldom that one would be invited to a British person’s home. It is rude to knock on a person’s door if you are not invited. If you are invited, don’t ask to see more than the downstairs that your British host invites you into. Never ask how much the house or any of the items in it cost.
To the American, most of them want their home to be a place where they can entertain (款待) and share their lives with their friends. They may be delighted to give you a full tour of their houses. They may also be pleased when you show your interest and pleasure in their houses.
Both British and American people will engage in quite a bit of chat and a drink or two before the meal is served. After the first mouthful, you should say how delicious the food is and ask something about it. Remember, never eat with your mouth open and make very little noise while eating. It would be nice of you to help your host in any way. Maybe offer to pour some drinks or clear up after the meal.
1. If your British friend invites you to his home, you can _________.| A．see anything you like |
| B．ask how much his house is |
| C．only see the downstairs that you’re invited into |
| D．ask the cost of any the items in it |
| A．happy | B．angry | C．sad | D．worried |
| A．参与 | B．陷入 | C．回避 | D．限制 |
| A．Different table manners between British and American people. |
| B．Some manners on visiting British and American people’s home. |
| C．Different ideas about the home between British and American people. |
| D．Different ideas about how to get along well with neighbors between British and American people. |
【推荐2】Traveling to every part of the world gets easier, but how well do we know and understand each other? Here is a simple test. Imagine you are planning to hold a meeting at four o’clock. What time should you expect your foreign business friends to arrive? If they are Germans, they’ll arrive on time. If they are Americans, they’ll probably be 15 minutes early. If they are British, they’ll be 15 minutes late, and you should allow up to an hour for the Italians.
The British seemed to think since the English language is widely used in the world, and people would always understand what they do. However, they found they were completely wrong. For example, the Englishmen are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters and have a drink during the meal. The Japanese prefer not to work while eating. Lunch is a time for them to relax and get to know each other and they don’t drink at lunchtime. The Germans like to talk business before dinner. The French like to eat first and talk afterwards. They have to be well fed and watered before they discuss anything.
1. What do the Germans prefer when they go to a meeting?| A．They prefer to be on time. | B．They prefer to arrive very early. |
| C．They prefer to arrive very late. | D．They prefer to wait others. |
| A．The Englishmen. | B．The Americans. |
| C．The Italians. | D．All. |
| A．To drink. | B．To get to know each other. |
| C．To talk business. | D．To sing. |
【推荐3】Before you go to another country it is a great help if you know the language and some of the customs(风俗) of the country. When people meet each other for the first time in Britain, they say “How do you do?” and shake hands. Usually they do not shake hands when they just meet or say goodbye. But they shake hands after they haven’t met for a longtime or when they will be away from each other for a long time. Last year a group of German students went to England for a holiday. Their teacher told them that the English people hardly shake hands. So when they met their English people at the station, they kept their hands behind their backs. The English students had learned that the Germans shake hands as often as possible, so they put their hands in front and got ready to shake hands with them. It made both of them laugh.
1. It is________if you know the language and some of the customs of country.| A．not useful | B．not helpful | C．very helpful | D．very bad |
| A．meet every time | B．meet for the first time |
| C．say goodbye to each other | D．say hello to each other |
| A．when they will be away for a long time |
| B．when they say “How do you do?” |
| C．when they just meet or say goodbye |
| D．after they haven’t met for a long time |
| A．German people shake hands as often as possible. |
| B．English people like shaking hands very much. |
| C．German people hardly shake hands. |
| D．Neither English people nor Germans like shaking hands. |
| A．shaking hands | B．languages |
| C．different customs | D．language and customs |
【推荐1】In England recently three foreign gentlemen came to a bus stop and waited. About five minutes later, the bus they wanted came along. They were just going to get on when suddenly there was a loud noise behind them. People rushed onto the bus and tried to push them out of the way. Someone shouted at them. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see what all the trouble was about. The three foreigners seem all at sea and looked embarrassed. No one had told them about the British custom of lining up for a bus that the first person who arrives at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus.
Learning the language of a country isn’t enough. If you want to have a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your host country. You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A visitor to India would do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at table. The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. Also in India, you might see a man shaking his head at another to show that he doesn’t agree. But in many parts of India a shake of the head means agreement. Nodding your head when you are given a drink in Bulgaria will most probably leave you thirsty.
1. The British people tried to push the three gentlemen out of the way, because the gentlemen _______ .| A．were foreigners | B．didn’t have tickets |
| C．made a loud noise | D．didn’t line up for the bus |
| A．learn the language of the country | B．understand the manners and customs of the country |
| C．have enough time and money | D．make friends with the people there |
| A．to use the right hand for passing food at table. | B．to pass food with the left hand. |
| C．to eat food with your hands. | D．to help yourself at table. |
| A．People’s Everyday Life | B．Mind Your Manners |
| C．Shaking and Nodding Head | D．Taking a Bus in England |
Suppose you visit some friends in Mongolia and they ask you to eat with them. What kind of manners do they want you to have? They want you to give a loud “burp” after you finish eating. Burping shows that you like your food. But in some other countries, if you give a loud “burp”, you are supposed to say, “Excuse me, please.”
In many places people like to eat together. But in some parts of Polynesia it is bad manners to be seen eating together. People show their good manners by turning their backs on others while they eat.
What are manners like in an East African town? The people try not to see you. When you are visiting a friend, he may not see you at all. If you are polite, you will sit down beside him. You will wait until he finishes what he is doing. Then he will talk to you.
If you visit a friend in Arabia you should walk behind other tents until you come to his tent. If you pass in front of other tents, you will be asked into each one. The people will ask you to eat with them. And it is bad manners if you say no.
Manners are different all over the world. But it is good to know that all manners help people show that they want to be friends.
1. People turn their backs to others while they eat in some places in______.
| A．Mongolia |
| B．an East African town |
| C．Polynesia |
| D．Arabia |
| A．they are not your friends |
| B．they don’t want to talk with you |
| C．it is good manners |
| D．they are waiting for you to talk with them |
| A．People show they are friendly in different manners. |
| B．Good manners are the same in different countries. |
| C．In the East African town the people who try not to see you are not polite at all. |
| D．In Arabia it is polite to say no when people invite you to eat with them. |
My roommate’s family wants me to celebrate Thanksgiving Day with them in their home. I accepted the invitation, and I’m excited about going, but I’m a little nervous about it, too. The social customs in my country are different from those here, so I’m a little worried about making mistakes.
Should I bring a gift, such as candy or flowers? Should I arrive on time or a little late? At the dinner table, how can I know which fork or knife to use? How can I let the family know that I’m thankful for their kindness?
Yours,
Knowing Nothing
Dear Knowing Nothing,
It’s a good idea to bring a gift when you go to a dinner party. Flowers are always welcome, or you can bring a bottle of wine if you know the family drink it.
You should arrive on time or five to ten minutes late. Don’t get there early. If you are going to be more than fifteen minutes late, you should call and tell them.
Try to relax at the dinner table. If you don’t know how to use the right fork, knife or spoon, just watch the other guests, and follow them. If you still have no idea of what to do, don’t be shy about asking the person next to you; it’s better to ask them than to be silently uncomfortable and nervous.
If you like the food, say so. Of course, you’ll thank the host and hostess for the meal and for their kindness. It’s also a good idea to send a card to thank them the day after.
Yours,
Betty
1. Knowing Nothing wrote a letter to Betty to _____.
| A．ask for some advice | B．tell Betty some good news |
| C．answer some questions | D．invite her to dinner |
| A．can only bring some flowers |
| B．can’t bring wine |
| C．should arrive twenty minutes late |
| D．should arrive on time or five to ten minutes late |
| A．relax at the dinner table | B．keep silent at table |
| C．ask the person beside him | D．watch the other guests |
