Gilliam was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, in 1933 as the seventh child of eight to a father who worked on the railroad and a homemaking mother. He attended the University of Louisville for both bachelor’s and master’s degrees, but in 1962 he moved to Washington, D. C., where he lived and had his studio for the rest of his life. He became one of the leading artists of the Washington Color School.
He was very interested in freeing his paintings from the limit of canvases (画布) and frames. Instead, in his Drape works of the 1960s, he took unstretched canvases and hung them from ceilings or pinned (钉) them to walls. Each time his work—part painting, part sculpture—was shown in an exhibition, it hung differently, never the same way twice.
In a 2018 Morning Edition profile, Gilliam explained that the intention behind his Drape work was “to develop the idea of movement into shapes”—and that he was inspired by laundry (洗衣店) hanging from a clothesline.
His work is represented in the collections of some of the world’s most celebrated museums, including the Art Institute of Chicago; the Tate Modern in London; and the Musée d’Art Moderne in Paris. In 2015, he was awarded State Department’s Medal of Arts Lifetime Achievement Award.
In the 2018 Morning Edition profile, the then 84-year-old Gilliam said that he felt that he was in his prime, despite health challenges. “I’ve never felt better in my life. I live for this period of being in the studio and actually working.”
1. When did Gilliam set up his studio?A.While he lived in his birthplace. | B.Before he left his birthplace. |
C.While he studied at university. | D.While he lived in the capital of the USA. |
A.Gilliam tended to make his paintings unusually hung. |
B.Gilliam appreciated his own paintings very much. |
C.Gilliam created a large number of different paintings. |
D.Gilliam used to set a limitation to his paintings. |
A.The idea of movement into shapes. | B.His strange imagination. |
C.His attention to paintings. | D.Laundry hanging from a clothesline. |
A.He was old enough. | B.He was at his most successful stage. |
C.He was in good health. | D.He was very puzzled. |
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【推荐1】A struggling Waffle House employee who was trying to serve nearly 30 people by himself after midnight got a full serving of kindness when some customers jumped behind the counter to help him.
Ethan Crispo, 24, witnessed the inspiring scene in the early hours of Nov. 3 at a Waffle House in Birmingham, Alabama.
Crispo told TODAY’s Kerry Sanders that he had come to the 24-hour restaurant from a friend’s birthday party and saw the struggling employee, identified only as Ben, trying to cook the food, serve it, bus tables and wash dishes while more than 25 people were waiting to eat.
“The look on his face was just confusion,” Crispo told Sanders.
An unidentified male customer then decided to help him out, grabbing an apron and going behind the counter to wash dishes.
Another customer, Alison Stanley, went behind the counter to make some coffee—still dressed from a night out on the town.
“I don’t think it’s anything special,” Stanley told Sanders. “He needed help, so I got up and helped out.”
Crispo took some photos of the scene as multiple customers worked to bus tables and wash dishes while Ben focused on taking orders and preparing the food.
Waffle House told TODAY that Ben was left to support himself due to a scheduling issue.
“We had two associates scheduled to leave, however, due to a communication mix-up, their relief did not show up on time,” Waffle House director of PR Pat Warner said in a statement. “That left Ben, our cook, alone in the restaurant with hungry customers. He worked the grill (烤架) and got the orders out.”
The company was also thankful for the customers who joined in and helped Ben out.
“We are grateful that many of our customers feel like they are part of our Waffle House family,” Warner said. “There is a sense of community in each and every one of our restaurants, and we appreciate the fact that they consider our associates like family.”
“We are also very thankful for Ben, who kept the restaurant open. He is a representative of our Waffle House culture by always putting the customers first.”
Crispo had his usual order, double plain waffle, as he took in the scene of strangers helping out Ben on his shift.
“Humanity truly isn’t good, it’s great!” he said.
1. Ben was left to work alone during his midnight shift because ________.A.his associates asked for a leave | B.there was a scheduling mistake |
C.few customers needed to be served | D.the restaurant was scheduled to close |
A.washing dishes | B.taking photos |
C.taking orders | D.cooking food |
A.They shared the same community spirit. | B.They were family members of Ben. |
C.They wanted to serve themselves. | D.They were too hungry to wait. |
A.Lucky and excited. | B.Moved and inspired. |
C.Relieved and hopeful. | D.Content and unbelievable. |
【推荐2】I was born with a rare disease that prevented the normal growth of my right arm. I was heart-broken at school. Those cruel experiences won’t affect me now, but back then they struck me very hard.
My parents realised playing with Lego was a great way to improve my flexibility, so they bought me a set when I was five. I built planes and cars, and even a prosthetic (义肢的) arm, though I had already decided I didn’t need a prosthetic arm — it was very expensive, and I was doing just fine.
I made one because it’s fun. I have since made several new versions. And my latest model is the most advanced and comfortable. It has a control unit that can send and receive orders from sensors on the arm to the motors, with cables that contract like muscles.
A lot of people don’t have the ability to buy a prosthetic. I hate it when people have to pay up to €100,000 for a prosthetic. They shouldn’t pay that much — it’s not a luxury. My goal is to try to make some that more people can afford.
When I was 19, the parents of an eight-year-old boy got in touch to ask if I could build him a prosthetic. His arms and legs are underdeveloped as part of his condition, so I made two prosthetic arms using Lego units costing only €15. His smile when he used them for the first time was very encouraging.
To me, my creations don’t necessarily tell the story of how I overcame my condition with Lego; they’re about how I overcame the tough period almost every day at school.
1. Which word best describes the author’s school life?A.Rewarding. | B.Demanding. | C.Unpleasant. | D.Satisfactory. |
A.To make them reliable. | B.To make them advanced. |
C.To make them flexible. | D.To make them affordable. |
A.He has gained great popularity. | B.He has become more optimistic. |
C.He has enjoyed his school life. | D.He has recovered his flexibility. |
A.He is sympathetic and creative. | B.He is outgoing and adaptable. |
C.He is patient but aggressive. | D.He is ambitious but proud. |
【推荐3】My office lies at the bottom of the sea. I wear a suit to the office. It’s a wet suit.
This time of year the water is quite cool. So what we do to keep warm is this: We have a diesel(内燃机) powered industrial water heater. This $20,000 piece of equipment sucks the water out of the sea. It heats it to a delightful temperature. It then pumps it down to the diver through a garden pipe, which is taped to the air pipe. Now, this all sounds like a good plan, and I’ve used it several times with no complaints. What I do when I get to the bottom and start working, is take the pipe and stuff it down the back of my wet suit. This floods my whole suit with warm water. It’s fantastic.
Here is my experience. Everything was going well until suddenly, my bottom started to itch (发痒). So, of course, I scratched it. This, of course, only made things worse. Within a few seconds my bottom started to feel a burning feeling. I pulled the pipe out from my back, thinking that maybe the water was too hot, but the damage was done. The hot water machine sucked up a jellyfish(水母) and pumped it directly into my suit. I didn’t have any hair on my back, so the jellyfish couldn’t stick to it. However, my bottom was not as fortunate.
When I had scratched what I thought was an itch, I was actually pushing the jellyfish into the crack of my bottom. I immediately informed the dive supervisor of my dilemma over the communicator. His instructions were unclear due to the fact that he and five other divers were all laughing .
Needless to say, when I arrived at the surface, I was wearing nothing but my helmet.
1. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Water. | B.Equipment. |
C.Diesel. | D.Suit. |
A.Because the hot water had sucked up a jellyfish. |
B.Because he doesn’t have any hair on the back. |
C.Because the pipe was pulled out from his back. |
D.Because he scratched his itching bottom. |
A.Embarrassed. | B.Excited. |
C.Encouraged. | D.Relaxed. |
A.A Wonderful Experience | B.An Adventurous Trip |
C.My Office at the Bottom Of the Sea | D.A Bad Day at Work |
【推荐1】In a coffee shop in Lagos, Nigeria, the visual artist Ekene Ngige was meeting with some colleagues when he had an accidental moment that would change his career.
Ngige knocked over his cappuccino, making a mess of the notepad in front of him. He quickly noticed that the drink created random patterns on paper, so he thought: what if he used coffee to create art?
Ngige said, “It was supposed to be a mistake, but I loved the mistake. ”Back in the studio, Ngige began mixing instant coffee with water, creating a jelly-like paste that allowed him to paint with it—first drawing with a pencil and then layering it with different shades of instant or ground coffee mixtures, and sometimes adding the whole coffee bean.
He continues painting realistic portraits(肖像)of people and objects. Ngige says on average, it takes him about two weeks to a month to finish a coffee portrait. He says his paintings may depend on what the event is at that moment, or may sometimes be inspired by his emotions.
Through his works, the artist shares a message of peace, encouraging people to forget their differences and embrace peace. “The best part of creating art is being able to reach the whole world, ” he says. “I have had calls and messages from all around the world, from people that have been touched by the topics of the paintings I make. It warms my heart. It makes me feel that Iam fulfilling a purpose. ”
1. What inspired Ngige to create art with coffee?A.Some colleagues in the coffee shop. |
B.A laptop in front of him. |
C.Random pictures caused by a cup ofoverturned coffee. |
D.A cup of cappuccino. |
A.A jelly-like paste. |
B.A pencil. |
C.Instant coffee mixtures. |
D.Coffee beans. |
A.Ngige’s realistic works may include a castle. |
B.It takes Ngige half a month to finish a coffee portrait. |
C.Ngige’s paintings always depend on his emotions. |
D.Ngige is a realistic man. |
A.Serious and peaceful. |
B.Active and creative. |
C.Peace-loving and creative. |
D.Curious and outgoing |
【推荐2】There are many beautiful places for visitors to Cornwall in the west of England, but one of the most exciting is the Barbara Hepworth Museum and Sculpture Garden. This is the house and garden of one of the most famous and successful women artists — Barbara Hepworth. By walking through the garden, we can see Hepworth’s sculptures (雕塑) among the flowers and plants. Inside her house, the studio where she made those works is just like it was when she lived.
Barbara Hepworth was born in England in 1903. She attended Leeds School of Art and the Royal College of Art where she graduated in 1924. She was one of the leaders of the Modernist Movement in sculpture. This is very different from the traditional art of the past. Modernist paintings, architectures (建筑风格) and sculptures are abstract. This kind of art does not use shapes that we can recognize. Instead, the shapes are ideas from the artist’s own imagination, so it is often difficult to know what we are seeing. Sometimes the artist needs to explain what the artworks mean before we can understand them.
Hepworth’s sculptures can be seen in many famous places such as the United Nations Headquarters in New York and the campuses of Oxford and Cambridge. One of her best-loved sculptures stands outside Winchester Cathedral, an ancient church near the south coast of England. It is named Crucifixion: Homage to Mondrian and is in the shape of a cross. It is not a normal cross, grey or brown, but a brightly-colored cross in red, white and blue.
Barbara Hepworth died in 1955. She was made a Dame (女爵士) by Queen Elizabeth II in 1965 for her great achievements in art. She will always be remembered as one of the greatest British artists.
1. We can infer from the first paragraph that .A.Cornwall is a place well-known for its tourist attractions |
B.there were many famous women artists in Cornwall |
C.Hepworth’s sculptures are all in Barbara Hepworth Museum and Sculpture Garden |
D.Barbara Hepworth Museum and Sculpture Garden has the most visitors in Cornwall |
A.In Cambridge University. | B.At the United Nations Headquarters. |
C.Inside Winchester Cathedral. | D.In Oxford University. |
A.was named by Queen Elizabeth II | B.is colored grey and brown |
C.can’t be understood by the audience | D.is a satisfying work of Hepworth |
a. Hepworth created the sculpture Crucifixion: Homage to Mondrian.
b. Hepworth attended Leeds School of Art and the Royal College of Art.
c. Hepworth was made a Dame by Queen Elizabeth II.
d. Barbara Hepworth died.
A.b-c-a-d | B.b-a-d-c | C.c-b-a-d | D.c-b-a-d |
【推荐3】Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel’s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.
The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged (蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.
The cat’s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin’s cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings (版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.
In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin’s parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.
In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape (风景) painting. William Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said, “Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.
1. What is the text mainly about?A.Benjamin’s visit to Philadelphia. |
B.Williams’ influence on Benjamin. |
C.The beginning of Benjamin’s life as an artist. |
D.The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington. |
A.The cat would be closely watched. | B.The cat would get some medical care. |
C.Benjamin would leave his home shortly. | D.Benjamin would have real brushes soon. |
A.He took him to see painting exhibitions. | B.He provided him with painting materials. |
C.He sent him to a school in Philadelphia. | D.He taught him how to make engravings. |
A.Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to master the use of paints. |
B.Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to appreciate landscape paintings. |
C.Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to get to know other painters. |
D.Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to make up his mind to be a painter. |