【推荐1】How much is a child's future success determined by born intelligence? Most guess around   25 percent, even 50 percent.     1     So if IQ is only a minor factor in success, what is   it   that separates the low earners from the high ones?

Science doesn't have a definitive answer, although luck certainly plays a role. But another key factor is personality. Financial success was correlated with conscientiousness, a particular quality in your personality marked by diligence, perseverance and self-discipline.

Grades at school and achievement-test results were markedly better predictors of adult success than raw IQ scores.     2    After all, don't they all measure the same thing? Not quite. Grades reflect not just intelligence but also " non-cognitive skills ", such as perseverance, good study habits and the ability to collaborate. Personality counts.

    3     A research suggests childhood interventions （介入）can be helpful, and that conscientiousness is more malleable （可塑的）than IQ. Openness—a broad quality that includes curiosity—is also connected to test scores and grades.

    4    Someone with an IQ of 70 isn't going to be able to do things that are easy for a person with an IQ of 190. But many people fail to break into the job market because they lack skills that aren^’t measured on intelligence tests. They don't understand how to behave with kindness in job interviews.     5     Or on the job, they make it obvious they'll do no more than the minimum, if that.

A．IQ still matters, of course.

B．That might seem surprising.

C．They may show up late or fail to dress properly.

D．How much difference between people's incomes can be tied to IQ?

E．But the data suggest a much smaller influence： about 1 or 2 percent.

F．The higher the better for IQ, and perhaps for conscientiousness as well.

G．Success depends not just on born ability but on skills that can be taught.

【推荐2】We all have our own tricks to cheer up when we’re feeling down; these little tricks can make you feel a little bit happier every day. While there are certainly happy memories tied up in the wedding ring you and your spouse (配偶) purchased together years ago or your teddy bear from childhood, new research finds that we typically feel calmer and experience a greater sense of well-being when we focus on a place that reminds us of happier times rather than a thing, even if it holds great value.

The report, called Places That Make Us, was conducted by the United Kingdom’s National Trust (NT) and Surrey University’s researchers. Experts performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (功能磁共振成像) scans on 20 volunteers and conducted an online survey of 2,000 people to better understand this deep draw toward special places.

“Working with leading researchers and academics, and using cutting-edge fMRI brain technology, we examined how places affect people, how they become special, and why we feel a pull towards them,” explained Nino Strachey, head of research for the NT.

The 20 volunteers were shown images of landscapes, houses, and other locations, as well as personally meaningful objects. Measuring their brain activity, the researchers found that it was the places, as opposed to the objects, that caused the brain to get the most excited.

Volunteers were also interviewed at great length two times, once at home and the other time at their special place. The research made discoveries that had never known before — the favorite places aroused feelings of belonging, physical and emotional safety, and an intense internal pull to the place.

Dr. Andy Myers weighed in on the findings, saying, “For the first time we have been able to prove the physical and emotional benefits of place, far beyond any research that has been done before.”

1. How was the research conducted?

A．By performing fMRI on 2,000 volunteers.

B．By measuring the participants’ brain activity by fMRI.

C．By doing rough interviews with the participants.

D．By showing meaningful objects to the participants.

2. How would the author feel about the findings of the study?

A．It is pioneering.	B．It is baseless.
C．It is imperfect.	D．It is unbelievable.

3. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “weighed in on” ?

A．Made a comment on.	B．Looked down on.
C．Was opposed to.	D．Made fun of.

4. What does the text mainly talk about?

A．Everyone has his way to be happy.

B．Valuable places can make people happy.

C．Teddy bears are best memories of children.

D．Meaningful objects lead to greater well-being.

【推荐3】We often hear honesty is the best policy, and no one likes to be called a liar. But is dishonesty always wrong?

Not necessarily.

According to psychologists, there are two types of lies: lies that help your relationships and the people around you are called pro-social lies; and lies that hurt them are called antisocial lies.

How often have you clicked “Like” on Wechat Moment, not because you actually like what your friends posted, but because you want to show your support? This white lie is an example of a pro-social lie. But when people tell lies on social networks to make their own lives seem more exciting, or to make others jealous, this is antisocial lying.

Workplace lies range from harmless lies to destructive untruthful statements. An example of a pro-social workplace lie is complimenting someone on their presentation —even though it was only average —because you know they were nervous beforehand. In this case your intention is simply to protect your colleague’s feelings. However, people sometimes tell bigger lies at work for the purpose of avoiding blame or to stay on the boss’s good side. These are antisocial lies. They are antisocial because your boss is likely to discover the truth and as a result, will probably stop trusting you.

Lying is also a significant part of the natural world. So it’s little wonder we resort(求助)to it almost by instinct. Human babies sometimes pretend to cry, check to see if anyone is listening, and then start crying again. By the age of five, children learn to say things that are completely untrue, and most nine-year-olds have mastered keeping secrets to protect themselves.

Lying can be incredibly harmful to our relationships and to the people around us. But that’s only true for antisocial lies. Pro-social lies have the opposite effect—they can actually help us.

1. What may help us tell a pro-social lie from an antisocial lie?

A．The purpose it serves.	B．The way it is told.
C．The occasion where it is told.	D．The people it is told to.

2. What does the underlined word “complimenting” probably mean in paragraph5?

A．Criticizing.

B．Praising.

C．Remarking.

D．Claiming.

3. Why does the author mention bigger lies at work?

A．They help with hiding the truth.

B．They show the intention of protecting others.

C．They prove that workplace lies can be destructive.

D．They tend to avoid blame or to stay on the boss’s good side.

4. What’s the text intended to do?

A．To warn that lies could harm us.

B．To remind that honesty is the best policy.

C．To make it clear that lying is a second nature.

D．To persuade that there are some lies that we need to tell.

【推荐1】For many Chinese consumers, a satisfying breakfast is one that includes either hot porridge(粥) or steamed buns(馒头). Cold sandwiches, which are usually popular with Westerners, are probably one of the last options on their minds. But that is not to say that consumers, especially those in an international city like Shanghai, would avoid everything considered Western for breakfast. For instance, coffee, which has steadily grown in popularity in the country, is one drink that many cannot do without today.

To satisfy this growing demand for breakfast sets that combine elements from the East and the West, food companies have been rolling out a host of new offerings to attract the customer. One example is Shanghai Qiao Coffee, which was launched by local time-honored food company Qiaojiashan at the end of 2019. Apart from its traditional dim sum, the store also sells various types of coffee.

According to Shen Yan, deputy manager of Shanghai Qiaojiashan Food Development Cold, the most popular breakfast set at the moment is the steamed vegetable bun paired with black coffee. “The calories that one gets from a meal featuring Chinese dim sum and coffee are less than those of a Western breakfast. Since a steamed bun has nearly 200 calories and a cup of black coffee barely has any calories, this combination can be considered healthy and delicious," said Shen.

Even the smaller shoppers in the food scene are jumping on the East-West breakfast trend. Western food establishments, too, have been rolling out Chinese breakfast options. "Consumers and even cultural heritage will also benefit from the increased competition. If not for the current trend which has revived interest in certain traditional dim sum, these foods could soon be lost to history," Shen said.

1. What can we learn about breakfast in Shanghai in paragraph 1?

A．People favour porridge and steamed buns.	B．Coffee is a necessity for many people.
C．People avoid western food for breakfast.	D．Cold sandwiches are a popular choice.

2. Why does the set of the steamed vegetable bun with black coffee sell well?

A．It is newly launched.	B．It is tasty and healthy.
C．It has Chinese characteristics.	D．It contains more nutrients.

3. What can we learn from Shen's words in the last paragraph?

A．Western food companies don't care about East-West breakfast.

B．Only big companies have the capacity to seize the market share.

C．The combination trend helps keep some traditional foods alive.

D．The competition for breakfast sets is of no benefit to consumers.

4. What does the author intend to tell us?

A．Western breakfast is well received by Shanghai people.

B．Chinese consumers show more interest in western food.

C．Shanghai Qiao Coffee has won great success for its breakfast sets.

D．The Chinese-Western breakfast set is warmly welcomed in Shanghai.

【推荐1】A study shows exposure（暴露）to more light during the day and less light at night is important for people to get healthy sleep because it helps to keep the right body clock. The results suggest that in the office environment, being exposed to either sunlight or electric lights that are rich in short wave blue light may be important for the health of workers.

To see whether the office workers get enough light to regulate（调节）their sleep wake cycle, researchers found the participants（参与者）in five government office buildings across the United States. A total of 109 people working at the offices wore light-measuring devices（仪器）for one week to do an experiment in summer, and 81 of these participants reduplicated the experiment in winter once again. The office workers wrote down their sleep and wake time. They also answered questions of their mood and sleep quality at the end of each study period.

Researchers found that people who were exposed to lots of sunlight during the morning hours, between 8 am and noon, fell asleep more quickly at night compared to those exposed to low light in the morning. Office workers who were exposed to high levels of light all day, from 8 am to 5 pm, also fell asleep more quickly.

Poor-quality sleep has been linked to health problems. Researchers say there are many easy things we can do during the day to increase our exposure to sunlight, such as looking out of the window and walking out for light during the day, especially during the morning and lunch time.

1. Where did the participants of the experiment work for?

A．The government.	B．The car factory.
C．The local school.	D．The airline company.

2. What does the underlined word "reduplicated" in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Reused.	B．Released.
C．Repeated.	D．Requested.

3. What can people do to make themselves fall asleep more easily?

A．Eat much food.

B．Drink lots of water at night.

C．Talk with friends before sleeping.

D．Expose themselves to sunlight during the day.

4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．Looking outside at night is helpful in falling asleep.

B．Staying outside all day is bad for people's health.

C．The quality of sleep influences people's health.

D．The sunlight makes people hungry during the day.

【推荐2】While IQ (Intelligence Quotient) tells you how smart you are. EQ (Emotional Quotient) tells you how well you use your smartness. Professor Salovery, the psychologist who created the term, EQ, says that it is IQ that gets you hired but it is EQ that gets you promoted.

Supported by his research, he suggested that when predicting future successes, a person’s brainpower, as measured by IQ tests, might actually matter less than a person’s character, or EQ. Professor Salovery may be correct. For example, have you ever wondered why some of the best and smartest students in your class end up failing exams? Perhaps it is because of their EQ. People often make the mistake of thinking that EQ is the opposite of IQ. It is not. Although it is hoped that people have both high EQs and IQs, there is little doubt that those with low EQs have a hard time surviving in life.

For a long time, researchers discussed if a person’s IQ could be raised. The geneticists said no, while the social scientists said yes. Furthermore, the social scientists said that it was possible to improve a person’s EQ, particularly in terms of “people skills”, such as understanding and communication.

Recently, a professor released the findings of a study on senior high school students. When some normal students were introduced to some disabled students, they found that afterwards they were more willing to help people in difficulties. At the same time, there was a marked change in the disabled students’ attitudes. They became more positive about their disabilities and were more eager to try new things. People with high EQs often have positive attitudes towards life and are open to different ideas, so they tend to be more creative in their thinking. Please remember that having a high IQ is helpful but having a high EQ might even be more helpful.

1. According to Professor Salovery, what factor matters the most in predicting whether a person will be successful or not?

A．How a person tests his / her brainpower.	B．A person’s character.
C．How smart a person is.	D．A person’s IQ.

2. What did the professor find from his study of normal students being introduced to some disabled children?

A．Students with disabilities were not open in trying new things.

B．There was no change in the normal students.

C．The disabled students became more positive and more eager to try new things.

D．The disabled students were more willing to help others.

3. Which of the following would be the best title of this passage?

A．IQ, EQ and success.	B．A person’s brainpower.
C．IQ and a person’s character.	D．A person’s IQ and EQ.

【推荐3】Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about it. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered their mistake.

Tea remained scarce(稀少的) and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it directly from China early in the 17th century.During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it.

Tea had been drunk without milk in it at first, but one day a famous French lady named Madame de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added.She found it so pleasant that she would never drink it without milk again.She was such a great lady that her friends thought they must copy everything she did.Slowly this habit spread until it reached England and today only very few Britons drink tea without milk.

At first tea was usually drunk after dinner in the evening.No one ever thought of drinking tea in the afternoon until a duchess(公爵夫人) found that a cup of tea and a piece of cake at three or four o'clock stopped her getting“a sinking feeling”as she called it.She invited her friends to have this new meal with her and so，teatime was born.

1. What can we learn about the Britons from the text?

A．They got expensive tea from India.	B．They bought tea out of curiosity at first.
C．They had tea until the early 17th century.	D．They were the first to drink tea in Europe.

2. When did tea become a popular drink in Britain?

A．In the 17th century.	B．In the early 18th century.
C．In the late 18th century.	D．In the 19th century.

3. The underlined words“this habit”in Paragraph 3 refer to drinking tea________.

A．after dinner	B．in the afternoon
C．with milk in it	D．without milk in it

4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A．The history of tea.	B．The birth of teatime.
C．The ways of making tea.	D．The habit of drinking tea.