Dolphins communicate by whistling to one a mother across long distances. But this sea mammal (哺乳动物)communication is more than just chatting. New research suggests that dolphins who have Dolphins are the only other mammals that have the vocalization(发声)skills that are required for language and this could explain why they are able to communicate with one another, reported Science. Every dolphin has its own whistle that they learned from their mothers and that is how they are identified by others.
Researchers studied the bonds that male Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins share and found that those who whistle and communicate more have stronger bonds. And this helps them in a very big way. Dolphins with stronger bonds father more calves. The study hypothesized that the whistling, or vocal interactions played an important role in social bonding. In the study, Livia Gerber, a biologist and colleagues, used 30 years of data that was collected about male dolphin behaviour, in Shark Bay off the coast of Western Australia, to identify which ones were the most popular.
The researchers determined by using DNA that the males who had the strongest social bonds with other males actually had the most offspring. That means that shy males stand very little chance in reproducing. The researchers, the Sydney Sun reported, concluded that the well-connected males shared crucial information on food and were potentially able to protect their mates. The research not only discovered this aspect of dolphin society, it also challenged Darwin’s “survival of the fittest” theory.
“For so long, biologists have always been thinking it’s the strongest male that gets all of the friendship. And now what we’re actually seeing is, it doesn’t need to be the strongest, it can also be the most popular ones, ”Gerber said.
1. Why can dolphins recognize each other?| A．Their whistles are unique. |
| B．They’ve vocalization skills. |
| C．They use special languages. |
| D．Their mothers are strong. |
| A．Complained. | B．Blessed. | C．Assumed. | D．Accounted. |
| A．Social bonds. | B．Eating habits. | C．Male’s sizes. | D．Male’s health. |
| A．Dolphins Struggle to Raise Offspring |
| B．Dolphins Know How to Stay in Touch |
| C．Dolphins’ Secrets Are to Be Opened |
| D．Dolphins ·Have Strong Ability to Give Birth |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】From boyhood he was interested in Astronomy, and while at Cambridge he would sit up at night to watch the stars. But he was dissatisfied with the telescopes of those days because they didn't show him a clear picture of things. At first he thought there must be something wrong with the lens（镜头）. But no matter how hard he tried to improve the lens, the trouble was still there.
This set Newton thinking. He began to study the nature of light and colours. In the end he found that sunlight, or white light, is actually made up of a row of colours. He counted seven colours in all. This was of course a great discovery. But Newton still wasn't satisfied. His mind was busy with another problem. Before Newton's time, scientists had already discovered that the sun, not the earth, was the centre of the universe, and they knew that the earth and the other planets moved round the sun. But they couldn't explain why this was so until Newton gave the answer.
One autumn evening while Newton was sitting under an apple tree thinking over these problems, he saw the moon rise in the sky. Why, he asked himself, should the moon round the earth, never leaving the same path? At that moment, he heard an apple drop from the tree. Why should the apple drop to the ground? Why didn't it go sideways or fly up? There seemed to be only one reason: The earth was drawing it-that is the force of gravity. If a stone is tied to the end of a string and whirled around, it flies round and round in circles because of the string. In the same way, the force of gravity, thought Newton, must be the force that keeps the moon going round the earth and the planets round the sun.
1. This passage tells us_________.| A．Newton gave the right answer to the making up of the sunlight |
| B．Newton found that the moon goes round the earth |
| C．how Newton made two of his greatest discoveries |
| D．why Newton made two of his great discoveries at home |
a. Newton found that sunlight is made up of a row of colours.
b. Newton wondered why the apple didn't go sideways.
c. Newton decided that the force of gravity keeps the moon going round the earth.
d. Newton tried every means to improve the lens.
e. Newton counted the number of colours.
| A．e,d,c,a,b | B．e,a,c,b,d |
| C．d,a,e,b,c | D．d,e,a,b,c |
| A．But Newton gave the answer because they couldn't explain why. |
| B．But Newton couldn't explain why unless they gave the answer. |
| C．But it was Newton who gave the answer. |
| D．But Newton was the first to give the answer. |
【推荐2】China’s space industry has made great achievements, which makes us occupy a place in the world space field. After 11 years, China has finally completed its Tiangong space station with the docking (对接) its Mengtian lab module, establishing the Tiangong as the second operational space station apart from the US-led, multinational International Space Station.
On November 1, the Mengtian lab module, the third and final part of its Tiangong space station docked with the core Tianhe module 13 hours after being launched. Next, the Tianhe and Mengtian modules will dock with the Wentian lab module, completing Tiangong’s T-shaped basic structure. The 17.88-meter-long, 23-ton Mengtian module is the heaviest operational single-cabin (舱) active spacecraft in orbit. Mengtian consists of a work cabin, a goods airlock cabin, a payload cabin and resource cabin. In addition, it has eight scientific experiment rooms and 37 extravehicular (舱外的) installation (安装) options.
One of the more ambitious aims of China’s space program is to position the country as a leading provider of space-based international public goods and services, such as planetary defense. Last month, Asia Times reported about China’s plans to conduct its first asteroid (行星) direction-changing test in 2025 or 2026. China has also taken pioneering steps in Mar exploration. A good example is the completion of China’s Tianwen-1 Mars mission. China has also stated that it is willing to share scientific data from its Tianwen-l mission at an appropriate time and that scientists are welcome to apply for research over the data.
Moreover, China has also announced plans to send men to the moon, helping its future settlement and economic use. And China and Russia plan to establish a permanent moon base by 2027. The base, the International Lunar Research Station, is seen as an experimental complex designed for multiple scientific activities.
Reflecting China’s open-door space policy, the Tiangong is designed to be “inclusive” and adaptable for foreign astronauts.
1. Which statement is true about the Mengtian module according to the text?| A．It has docked with the Wentian lab module. |
| B．It is an significant part of Tiangong space station. |
| C．It is made up of four scientific experiment cabins. |
| D．It is heavier than all the other single-cabin spaceships. |
| A．To present a fact. | B．To explain a rule. |
| C．To clarify a concept. | D．To make a prediction. |
| A．By sending men to the settlement of the moon. |
| B．By providing clear photos of the planet’s surface. |
| C．By sharing scientific data from its Tianwen-1 mission. |
| D．By setting up a moon base for multiple scientific activities. |
| A．International Space Station Suffers Wear and Tear |
| B．Side by Side, China Works with UN Member States |
| C．Step by Step, China Finds Its Footing in Outer Space |
| D．Tiangong Space Station Is Established Little by Little |
【推荐3】Having a bedroom in a messy state can have a variety of effects on your life. Your mind cannot live completely independently from your environment.
Your thoughts will be tidied up.
You will save a lot of time. Tiding your room and organizing your space can save you a lot of time. When you get up in the morning, you won’t need to hurry.
Your health will improve. Tiding your room also brings with itself some health benefits. When your bedroom becomes a peaceful and ordered place, you will feel less stressed and less distracted.
| A．You will know what sources you have. |
| B．Tiding your place helps tidy up your mind. |
| C．You will feel better about inviting people over. |
| D．The start of your day will be quite a smooth one. |
| E．Would you like your friends to see your messy room? |
| F．This means you can go to sleep calmly and relax yourself. |
| G．Therefore, keeping the room tidy, clean and organized is significant. |
【推荐1】How to get rid of back-to-school stress
Get organized by visiting the school and meeting the teachers.
It’s great because you get an idea of what the school year will be like and for the rest of the term, whenever your child talks to you about school you can place a face with the name.
Get the teacher’s e-mail address.
This is how most of the schools communicate in today’s society. In addition, ask for a contact number. It will be very useful in case you have a question about anything at all.
Know bus stop routes and bus stop rules.
If your child is riding the bus, don’t forget to walk with them to the bus stop and describe what type of behavior the school expects of your child at the bus stop and on the bus. If your child is not at least in the fourth grade, you may want to stay there until the bus comes. After the age of 10, he is not going to want you there. Never leave your child at the bus stop alone. Make sure other children are there.
Make plans for a tutor right away.
If you know your child will need a tutor, ask the teacher if she is available for tutoring. If she does not offer tutoring, ask for recommendations. Don’t wait until your child is falling behind others. Private tutors are still the best in my book. They are not at all as expensive as most of the learning centers, especially if it is a retired teacher.
1. What’s the most common way to communicate with the teacher？| A．Going to school in person. | B．Talking on the telephone. |
| C．Sending a message on the Internet. | D．Passing on messages by your child. |
| A．the bus doesn’t arrive | B．no other pupils are there |
| C．your child asks you to | D．your child is under 10 |
| A．Don’t wait until the last minute to find a tutor for your children. |
| B．Children are sure to be safe after the age of 10. |
| C．The teachers are organized for you to meet. |
| D．Your call to the teacher will not be answered. |
Every nation has its special holidays. China observes New Year’s Day(January 1), May Day and National Day as legal(法定的) holidays, as it was on Oct. 1, 1949 that People’s Republic of China was founded. The Chinese have long celebrated the Chinese lunar year. In the United States, congress（国会） has declared several as legal days such as New Year's Day (January1), Martin Luther King, Jr.’s Birthday, Washington's Birthday, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day and so on. Some holidays celebrate special events in the development of a country, such as Greece’s Independence Day, Italy’s Liberation Day and India’s Independence Day.
In the United States, banks and schools usually close on a legal holiday. When such a holiday falls on Sunday, the following Monday is often observed. Schools and organizations often observe days known as traditional holidays, although schools and businesses do not close then. Those holidays include Valentine's Day and Halloween.
1. Which of the following holidays has nothing to do with a country’s development?
| A．China’s National Day |
| B．America’s Independence Day |
| C．Italy’s Liberation Day |
| D．Valentine’s Day |
| A．Chinese will no longer observe the Spring Festival |
| B．Chinese and Americans share at least one holiday |
| C．students don’t have to go to school on any holiday |
| D．Americans can easily draw money from banks on legal days |
| A．Sunday | B．the following Sunday |
| C．the following Monday | D．the following Tuesday |
【推荐3】E-cigarettes are battery-operated devices that allow users to breathe in nicotine (尼古丁) without lighting a cigarette. They come in many shapes and sizes like regular cigarettes, pens, USB sticks and other everyday items.
Though e-cigarettes may be less harmful than regular cigarettes, their effect on health can still be serious. Using e-cigarettes, or vaping, has been associated with a higher risk of lung injury. E-cigarette exposure may be particularly harmful to young adults — it can harm their brain development and cause a lifelong addiction to nicotine. According to Food and Drug Administration(FDA), an increasing number of students are using e-cigarettes every year and FDA is trying to work out how to regulate using e-cigarettes.
One way to cut e-cigarette consumption is to impose a tax. A study by the Centre for Health Economics &Policy Studies at San Diego State University found that a $1 increase in e-cigarette taxes is associated with a 14% — 26% decrease in vaping among high-school students. Young people tend to be strapped, so even a small tax increase could discourage their vaping. Unexpectedly, the tax increase seems also to decrease teenage alcohol consumption. According to the study, a $1 increase in e-cigarette taxes is associated with a 10%-11%reduction in teenage excessive alcohol use. Smoking and drinking tend to go together.
Teenagers who drink are twice as likely as others to light up. In turn, raising taxes on cigarettes has been found to reduce teenage drinking.
So should lawmakers surely rush to carry out an e-cigarette tax? The answer is not so simple. Catherine Maclean, one of the study's authors, warned, “Despite the potential of a tax increase on e-cigarettes to restrict young adults' using cigarettes, it may lead to some others switching to regular cigarettes or illegal vaping products.”
Many other ways are put forward. Some believe requiring a prescription (处方) for e-cigarettes could help as well. Another tighter regulation is also a possible answer — Britain and the Euro-pean Union regulate the amount of nicotine in e-cigarettes.
1. How does the author lead in the topic of the text?| A．By giving an example. | B．By making a comparison. |
| C．By giving a definition. | D．By making an assumption. |
| A．It is hardly addictive to new smokers. | B．It can help develop teenagers' thinking. |
| C．It is increasingly accepted by teenagers. | D．It can deepen regular smokers 'addiction. |
| A．Feeling grateful. | B．Lacking confidence. |
| C．Showing strong passion. | D．Having little money. |
| A．Objective. | B．Doubtful. | C．Favorable. | D．Critical. |
