If I could have your attention, please. I’d like to talk to you about young people’s screen time. There is so much to look at: photographs, social media feeds, messages and emails; it is no wonder they are glued to their screens.
There have been many claims about the damage looking at screens does to our eyesight.
But a new study says time in front of computers and phones might not be as bad for young people as many people think. Research by the Oxford Internet Institute examined data from more than 17, 000 teenagers in the UK, Ireland and the United States.
| A．But is it good for them? |
| B．People are addicted to the screens and chatting on social media. |
| C．People’s life satisfaction is closely related to their use of mobile phones. |
| D．So, does this mean young people can spend longer looking at social media? |
| E．Some people feared staring at a small bright box could make us short-sighted. |
| F．Perhaps, deciding the “right” amount of screen time has to be of personal judgment. |
| G．Their study found most links between life satisfaction and social media use were “small”. |
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【推荐1】The full moon climbs over the eastern horizon (地平线) and hangs like a huge orange globe in the sky. A few hours later, the moon is overhead but seems to have changed. The huge orange globe has become a small silver disk. What has happened? Why has the orange color disappeared? Why does the moon seem so much smaller and farther away now that it is overhead?
The moon appears orange on the horizon because we view it through the dust of the atmosphere. The overhead moon does not really shrink (缩小) as it moves away from the horizon. Our eyes inform us that the overhead moon is farther away. But in this position the moon is actually closer to our eyes than when it is near the horizon.
The change in size is a trick our eyes and minds play on us. When the moon is low in the sky, we can compare its size with familiar objects. It is easy to see that the moon is much larger than trees or buildings, for example. When the moon is high in the sky, however, it is hard to compare it with objects on earth. Compared to the vastness of the sky, the moon seems small.
There is another reason why the moon seems to shrink. We are used to staring at objects straight ahead of us. When an object is difficult to see, our eyes have to try to focus on it. When we move our heads back to look up, we will try hard again. Looking at something from an unaccustomed position can fool you into believing an object is smaller or farther away than it is. However, scientists do not yet understand completely why the moon seems to shrink as it rises in the sky.
1. What makes us puzzled when the moon is high in the sky?| A．It becomes large. |
| B．It looks different. |
| C．Its color disappears. |
| D．Its shape changes. |
| A．It comes nearer. |
| B．It turns orange. |
| C．It goes farther. |
| D．It gets through dust. |
| A．They can affect our judgment. |
| B．They are low on earth. |
| C．They can attract our attention. |
| D．They are large objects. |
| A．The size of the moon often changes. |
| B．The moon is in fact a huge orange globe. |
| C．The moon is beginning to shrink much. |
| D．We do not see the moon as it really is. |
【推荐2】Have you ever received an unwanted gift and still said “thank you”? This choice to hide a negative emotion is a display rule-one of many which define socially appropriate responses to emotions. Although display rules can promote interpersonal harmony, they can also have negative consequences for the person choosing to change how they express emotions. As more social interaction goes online, scientists are investigating how emojis are used to reflect our emotions in different contexts. Are there display rules that apply to emojis, and how do those affect people’s well-being?
Moyu Liu of the University of Tokyo investigated this question in a study published in Frontiers in Psychology. For his study, Liu found 1,289 participants, all users of the most-downloaded emoji keyboard in Japan, Simeji, to investigate how emojis were used to express or mask emotions.
The participants in Liu’s study provided personal information, answered questions about their subjective well-being, and rated how often they used emojis. They were given messages with varying social contexts, responded to them as they would normally, and rated the intensity of the expression of their emotions.
Liu found that people chose to express more emotions with emojis in private contexts or with close friends. Respondents expressed least emotion towards individuals who hold a higher social position. Intense expressions of emotion came with matching emojis, unless people felt the need to mask their true emotions: for instance, using smiling emojis to mask negative emotions. Negative emojis were used only where negative feelings were very strongly felt. Expressing emotions with emojis was associated with higher subjective well-being compared to masking emotions.
Liu emphasized that the study should be expanded in the future. The Simeji keyboard is extremely popular among young women, which caused an imbalance in the sample towards women and Generation Z. However, this also reflected the gender imbalance in use of emojis in general and the Simejikey board in particular. A broader pool of participants would provide a fuller picture of the display rules around emojis.
1. Why do people follow display rules?| A．To avoid moral stress. | B．To express their real emotions. |
| C．To maintain positive relationships. | D．To shake off their negative thoughts. |
| A．Avoid using any kind of emojis. | B．Mask their happy emotions with emojis. |
| C．Use smiling emojis as much as possible. | D．Send negative emojis to show negative feelings. |
| A．Its research intention. | B．Its investigation methods. |
| C．Its participant database. | D．Its potential applications. |
| A．Young women are the most active emoji users. |
| B．Using emojis properly matters in different contexts. |
| C．Emojis lead people to lose touch with their true emotions. |
| D．People use emojis to hide, as well as show, their feelings. |
【推荐3】Is Dieting OK for Kids?
You may know some adults and kids who worry about their weight and say they are going on a diet. You might wonder if you should be on a diet, too.
Dieting to Lose Weight
Kids usually do not need to diet in this way.
Who Needs to Diet?
Though some people may feel they weigh too much or too little, there is no perfect body shape. Some people have bigger bones and will always look bigger and heavier than people with smaller bones.
Your doctor can examine you and check your body mass index (身体质量指数). That’s a way of estimating how much body fat you have. If the doctor is concerned about your weight, he or she can recommend a couple of goals.
For some kids, the doctor may recommend losing some weight, but this should be done with the doctor’s help. Kids who need to lose weight may visit with a dietitian who can explain how to reduce calories safely while still getting all the necessary nutrients.
| A．It is important to form a good eating habit. |
| B．Being overweight can cause health problems. |
| C．Not eating properly can be very harmful to kids. |
| D．Unlike adults, kids are still growing and developing. |
| E．Talk to your doctor if you have questions about your weight. |
| F．All foods and many drinks contain calories, a kind of energy. |
| G．However, most of kids do not need to and should not diet this way. |
