组卷网 > 高中英语综合库 > 主题 > 人与社会 > 科普与现代技术 > 科学技术
题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:556 题号:18475670

Four Historic Firsts for Women in Space You Might not Know About

First Woman in Space

Soviet cosmonaut(宇航员)Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to go to space when she was launched with the Vostok 6 mission on June 16, 1963. She was selected from a pool of 400 applicants and five finalists. She was honorarily inlucted(入伍)into the Soviet Air Force so that she could join the Cosmonaut Corps. Tereshkova is the only woman ever to have been on a solo space mission.

First US Woman in Space

Sally Ride was the first American astronaut to go into orbit on June 18, 1983, as a crew member on the space shuttle Challenger for STS-7. Ride was one of 8, 000 people to answer an ad in the Stanford student newspaper seeking applicants for NASA. She was chosen to join the space program in 1978. She went on one additional mission and spent a total of 343 hours in space.

First Woman to Walk in Space

The first woman to walk in space, Svetlana Savitskaya, was also a cosmonaut. She was on her second mission when she space-walked as part of the Salyut 7-EP2 on July 17, 1984. She was also the first woman to have gone into space twice.

First Teacher to go to Space

Christa McAuliffe was a teacher and a civilian astronaut from Concord, NH who was killed with six other crew members when the space shuttle Challenger broke apart 73 seconds after launch on January 28, 1986. McAuliffe was selected from more than 11, 000 applicants to participate in the NASA Teacher in Space Project. She was planning on conducting experiments and teaching two lessons from space.

1. When did Valentina Tereshkova go to space?
A.In 1963.B.In 1983.C.In 1984.D.In 1986.
2. Who was the first woman to have gone into space twice?
A.Valentina Tereshkova.B.Sally Ride.
C.Svetlana Savitskaya.D.Christa McAuliffe.
3. What is special about Christa McAuliffe?
A.She was a civilian astronaut.
B.She was on a solo space mission.
C.She conducted experiments from space successfully.
D.She was selected from 8, 000 people to join in the space project.

相似题推荐

阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 适中 (0.65)
【推荐1】Teachers say the digital age has had a good influence - and a not-so-good influence - on this generation of American teenagers.More than 2,000 teachers took an online survey.Three-quarters of the teachers said the Internet and digital search tools have had a "mostly positive" effect on their students' research habits and skills.But 64 percent said the technologies "do more to distract(使 - - - ---分心) students than to help them academically." And 87 percent agreed that these technologies are creating an "easily distracted generation with short attention spans."
The Pew Internet Project did the survey with the National Writing Project.Judy Buchanan is the vice director of the National Writing Project and a co-author of the report.Ms.Buchanan says digital research tools are helping students learn more and faster."Teachers really favor these tools because they are ways to make some of the learning exciting and engaging.Young people favor these tools.The goal is to really help them become creators of meaningful content, and not just sort of consumers."
But one problem the survey found is that many students lack digital literacy.They trust too muck of the information they find on the Internet.Judy says these students haven't developed the skills to determine the quality of online information."It's something that really has to be taught and paid attention to.Because in a world in which things happen quickly, you do need to step back, reflect and analyze the information you have."
Another problem is blamed on something that might not seem like a problem at all: being able to quickly find information online.Teachers say the result is a reduction in the desire and ability of their students to work hard to find answers.They say students are overly dependent on search engines and do not make enough use of printed books or research libraries.
Many teachers are also concerned that the Internet makes it easy for students to copy work done by others instead of using their own abilities.
1. The text mainly tells us____.
A.all the students use digital tools
B.the Internet is playing a key role
C.teachers encourage using digital tools
D.digital tools bring about benefits and problems
2. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?
A.
B.
C.
D.
3. The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably means
A.students do not have the right digital tools
B.students do not always have access to the Internet
C.students haven't the ability to adjust themselves
D.students can't judge online information properly
4. Some students don't tend to work hard because
A.they can get answers on the Internet quickly
B.printed books and libraries around aren't enough
C.the Internet can't make students concentrate
D.they can copy each others' work without being punished
2016-11-26更新 | 799次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约350词) | 适中 (0.65)
名校

【推荐2】Slowly but surely, we’re moving closer and closer to 5G world. From smart-home security to self-driving cars, all the internet-connected devices in our life will be able to talk to each other at lightning-fast speeds with reduced delay. Objectively speaking, the fastest 4G download speeds in the US top out at an average of 19.42Mbps. But by comparison 5G promises gigabit (千兆) speeds.

“5G is one of those heralds (使者),along with artificial intelligence, of this coming data age.” said Steve Koenig, senior director of market research for the Consumer Technology Association. The self-driving vehicle is a great emblem of this data age, and that is to say, it is a sign of time, because with one single task, driving, you have massive amounts of data coming from the vehicle itself, and a variety of sensors are collecting a lot of information to model its environment as it moves. It’s pulling in data from other vehicles about road conditions down the lane. It could be weather information, and also connected infrastructure (基础设施) construction. There’s lots of data behind that task, which is why we need the high speed.

And virtual reality glasses and headsets haven’t yet broken the mainstream, but tech companies are joyfully betting that these devices will eventually replace our smartphones. With 5G, that could actually happen. This is notable because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to assist — or even replace — smartphones.

Ericsson stated at February's Mobile World Congress how smart glasses could become faster and lighter with a 5G connection, because instead of being weighed down with components, the glasses could rely on hardware for processing power.

But don’t get too excited. There’s still a lot of work to be done in the meantime, including various trials to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction so 5G isn’t concentrated only in big cities.

1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A.The security of 5G.B.The present world of 5G.
C.The future of 5G.D.The super speed of 5G.
2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “emblem” in Paragraph 2?
A.exhibitionB.symbolC.sponsorD.explanation
3. What do some tech companies expect of virtual reality glasses?
A.They will be heavier than present ones.B.They will process power on their own.
C.They will bring a big fortune to tech companies.D.They will take the place of smartphones.
4. What will the author tell us in the next paragraph?
A.How to fully expand 5G coverage.B.How to effectively reduce 5G trials.
C.How to nicely operate 5G hardware.D.How to widely construct 5G big cities.
2020-12-07更新 | 134次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约380词) | 适中 (0.65)
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了未来的屋顶花园很智能,它知道什么时候为干旱储存水,什么时候倾倒多余的水来防止洪水。

【推荐3】Imagine that a futuristic roof garden is so intelligent that it knows when to store water for drought conditions, and when to dump water to prevent flooding. Now these smart roofs are becoming a reality in the Netherlands.

With more than half the country located below sea level, the Netherlands has a history of flooding. Now climate change has brought more severe weather, heavy rainfall, and even drought to the area, forcing the city of Amsterdam to consider new ways to protect itself, and that’s where Resilio comes in.

According to their website, Resilio builds blue-green roofs throughout Amsterdam. Together with the local government, from the years 2018 to 2022 they fixed specialized roofs in Amsterdam neighborhoods that are in the most danger of flood damage.

These roofs are made of many layers. The most important layer is the water retention (保存) layer. In time of heavy rainfall, this layer collects rainwater that would otherwise flood the streets, while in time of drought its water feeds the garden on the top layer. It is this layer that differentiates the blue-green roofs from the regular green roofs. A study shows that the blue-green roofs can capture up to 97% of extreme rain, as opposed to the about 12% that the regular green roofs can capture.

What makes Resilio roofs so unique, however, are their systems. Multiple blue-green roofs are connected via a digital network, meaning the roofs can each be controlled individually, responding to the amount of water collected on that particular roof as needed. Each roof also has a valve (阀门) that is connected to a computer system called the Decision Support System (DSS). The DSS networks with local weather forecasts to decide whether the valve on a particular roof should open, spilling water safely and slowly into the sewer (下水道) system, or whether it should remain closed and collect the coming rain.

These are the innovations that make Resilio truly revolutionary. Blue-green roofs show that the solutions to the dangers climate change brings need to be creative and must work on many levels.

1. What may directly lead to the building of Resilio roofs in Amsterdam?
A.The increasing disasters.
B.The city’s financial suffering.
C.The ever-rising sea level.
D.The city’s geographic advantage.
2. What do we know about the water retention layer of Resilio roofs?
A.They are slow to drought.
B.They are absolutely perfect.
C.They serve a double purpose.
D.They can trap solar energy.
3. What is the main function of the DSS according to the text?
A.To collect weather information.B.To control the use of the valve.
C.To help the sewer system work.D.To connect the digital network.
4. Which of the following can best describe Resilio roofs?
A.Challenging.B.Complicated.C.Beautiful.D.Smart.
2024-01-15更新 | 207次组卷
共计 平均难度:一般