For parents, it seems that a child’s game is empty entertainment (娱乐).
Through the game, the child learns new skills and develops speech, thinking, attention and other mental functions.
A game for a child is also a way to express to an adult their experiences: joys, anxieties, fears, hopes, expectations. Often, through the game, the child tells parents something important about himself and learns something important about his parents.
The role of an adult in play is to support and encourage the child. This helps the baby understand that his opinion is valuable, and his ideas and imagination deserve respect.
| A．This helps to develop their practical ability. |
| B．It forms a unique model of the world for a child. |
| C．This applies not only to special educational games. |
| D．They always want to replace it with something more useful. |
| E．For a child, any game is the same productive activity as work for an adult. |
| F．The game is a way to be closer, to feel the support, care and love of parents. |
| G．It is not worth it for an adult to insist on their own “correct” opinion of the game. |
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【推荐1】Six-year-old Alice is building a magical kingdom brick by brick, imagining fairy-tale castles and fire-breathing dragons, bad witches and brave heroes. This fantasy is helping her take her first steps towards her capacity for creativity. Minutes later, Alice has abandoned the kingdom in favour of playing schools with her younger brother. When she bosses him around as his “teacher”, she’s practising how to regulate her emotions through pretense. Later on, when they tire of this and settle down with a board game, she’s learning about the need to follow rules and take turns with a partner. Although she isn’t aware of it, this will play an important role in her adult life.
“Play in all its rich variety is one of the highest achievements of the human species,” says Dr. David Whitebread from the University of Cambridge. It underpins how we develop as intellectual, problem-solving adults and is crucial to our success as a highly adaptable species. Recognising the importance of play is not new: over two millennia ago, the Greek philosopher Plato extolled its virtues as a means of developing skills for adult life, and ideas about play-based learning have been developing since the 19th century.
But we live in changing times, and Whitebread is mindful of a worldwide decline in play, pointing out that over half the people in the world now live in cities. Whitebread, Baker, Gibson and a team of researchers hope to provide evidence on the role played by play in how a child develops.
“A strong possibility is that play supports the early development of children’s self-control. This is our ability to develop awareness of our own thinking processes. It influences how effectively we go about undertaking challenging activities,” explains Baker. In a study carried out by Baker with toddlers and young preschoolers, she found that children with greater self-control solved problems more quickly when exploring an unfamiliar set-up requiring scientific reasoning.
Gibson said, “Playful behaviour is also an important indicator of healthy social and emotional development. In my previous research, I investigated how observing children at play can give us important clues about their well-being and can even be useful in the diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders like autism.”
Whitebread’s recent research has involved developing a play-based approach to supporting children’s writing. “Many primary school children find writing difficult, but we showed in a previous study that a playful stimulus was far more effective than an instructional one. Children wrote longer and better-structured stories when they first played with dolls representing characters in the story.
Somehow the importance of play has been lost in recent decades. It’s regarded as something trivial, or even as something negative that contrasts with “work”. Let’s not lose sight of its benefits, and the fundamental contributions it makes to human achievements in the arts, sciences and technology. Let’s make sure children have a rich diet of play experiences.
1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?| A．To illustrate the benefits of too much spare time. |
| B．To describe a kid’s peaceful and happy childhood. |
| C．To present the importance of a rich variety of play. |
| D．To introduce the distinctive functions of different toys. |
| A．Weakens. | B．Reinforces. | C．Investigates. | D．Influences. |
| A．Children with greater self-control solve problems faster. |
| B．Children at play often show hints about their well-being. |
| C．Students write better when they integrate work with play. |
| D．Play promotes healthy social and emotional development. |
| A．Curious. | B．Satisfied. | C．Cheerful. | D．Concerned. |
【推荐2】Benefits of playing online games
The past three years during the pandemic highlighted just how important your mental and physical health is. While there are plenty of ways you can improve your health, many of which are common knowledge, but one that you may not have considered is the health benefits of playing online games.
The social benefits
Perhaps the most obvious benefit is the social aspect of online gaming. So many of the games offered today give players the chance to connect with others located around the world.
Enjoy some stress relief
Online gaming is also a way for people to unplug from their everyday lives and enjoy some stress relief. When you’re gaming, you are in that moment, and your brain isn’t thinking about anything else.
Problem solving skills will be needed
Pretty much every online game out there will require problem-solving skills of one type or another. This is a skill that can help you in various areas of your everyday life, so finding a way to build on it is excellent.
Then there is the element of risk, which many online games also feature. Learning how to be a risk-taker, at least a calculated risk-taker, can be a helpful benefit.
By acknowledging the health benefits of online games, you’ll start to see them in a whole new, much more positive light.
| A．Tap into your risk-taking side |
| B．Improve your decision-making ability |
| C．Whether you play against them or team up |
| D．If you become more confident in coping with trouble |
| E．It will train your brain how to weigh up your options |
| F．This is perfect for those who have a hard time shutting off |
| G．It may be hard to believe that gaming provides real and measurable benefits |
【推荐3】Was it probable that Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai and Western hero King Arthur meet and fight against each other? Yes. In a game called King of Glory (王者荣耀). Created by Chinese company Tencent, King of Glory was one of the most popular MOBA games in China in 2017.
About one in every seven Chinese people plays the game,and 55 million of them play it every day. The game is easy for beginners.Social media like QQ and WeChat have also helped the game's community grow. New players can be invited to play the game by their WeChat contacts, with some seeing it as a good way to keep in touch with old friends and make new ones.
The game has more than 60 characters to unlock and play as you progress,each with their own special style and abilities. The characters cover different times and countries. Some are real historical characters,like Li Bai. Some are not. Players use them to fight against each other or team up to fight. The winners can reach higher ranks.
However, some people think King of Glory gives the students incorrect information about events and people in history. For example,the poet Li Bai is described as a killer; Jing Ke,the man who tried to kill the first emperor of China, is a girl in the game. But more people worry about children playing the game too much and spending too much money on it. Most of the players are below the age of 19. It's reported that a 17-year-old boy had a stroke (中风) after playing the game for 40 hours.
To change the situation,Tencent added a time limit feature to the game to prevent kids from playing too much. From July 4,2017,children under 12 years old can play the game for only one hour a day,while users between 12 and 18 get two hours. Those who try to play beyond the time limit will be locked out of the game.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about King of Glory?| A．It is the most popular online game in the world. |
| B．It offers 60 characters for players to choose from. |
| C．Players fight against each other or team up to fight. |
| D．All of the characters are real historical characters. |
| A．In a comic (漫画) book. | B．In a travel guidebook. |
| C．In a newspaper. | D．In a storybook. |
| A．Children play the game too long and spend too much money. |
| B．The game give children incorrect information about history. |
| C．The game receives a lot of praises. |
| D．Many people don't think the game is so good. |
| A．King of Glory 一 easy for anyone to play |
| B．King of Glory 一 popular around the world |
| C．King of Glory 一 adding a time limit |
| D．King of Glory 一 inviting you to play |
【推荐1】Do you love food? Whether you’re a foodie or someone who just likes eating, there is so much to choose from. We know that too much of the wrong kind of food can be bad for our health, but for some people having a food allergy means eating certain things can actually be harmful—and now, it seems, this is affecting more and more of us.
An allergy is caused by the immune system (免疫系统) fighting substances in the environment, known as allergens (过敏原), that it should see as harmless. Food allergies can cause life-threatening reactions, which means people have to spend their lives following strict dietary restrictions and worrying about the ingredients of everything they consume Allergy specialist Dr Adam Fox says, “If you look back over, say, 30 or 40 years... there are much more allergic problems around now than there were.”
Research has found that this problem is particularly affecting children. More and more of them are having allergic reactions to certain foodstuffs. Writing for the BBC website, Dr Alexandra Santos from King’s College London says “Food allergy now affects about 7% of children in the UK and 9% of those in Australia, for example. Across Europe 2% of adults have food allergies.”
So what might be the cause? Dr Santos says the increase in allergies is not simply the effect of society becoming more aware of them and better at diagnosing them; it seems to be more environmental. She says possible factors are pollution, dietary changes and less exposure to microbes (微生物), which change how our immune systems respond.
She points out that it’s very common for migrants who move to another country to develop asthma (哮喘) and food allergies in their new location.
A lot of work is being done to try and find a cure, but that’s not easy. So for now allergy sufferers must watch what they eat and they must rely on clear and accurate labelling.
1. Why does the author quote Dr Alexandra Santos’ words in the 3rd paragraph?| A．To promote Dr. Santos’ research. |
| B．To provide statistics for evidence. |
| C．To compare different survey results. |
| D．To prove children are weaker than adults. |
| A．The causes of food allergies. |
| B．The functions of the immune system. |
| C．Children are weaker to allergens. |
| D．More work should be done to address food allergies. |
| A．Our immune system stays unchanged. |
| B．Allergens are usually harmful substances. |
| C．Foodies are more likely to be allergic to food. |
| D．Allergic problems are more common these days. |
| A．Food and Health. | B．Food and Cooking. |
| C．Children and Their Family. | D．Diseases and Their History. |
【推荐2】China will need to enhance research into deep Earth sciences to fulfill some of the country's biggest strategic needs, from finding and utilizing underground resources to predicting and relieving natural disasters, experts said.
In a speech addressing China's top scientists and engineers in late May, President Xi urged the Chinese scientific community to break new ground in four strategic frontiers: deep space, deep sea, deep Earth and "deep blue".
"Deep blue" refers to fields related to computer science and information technology, such as cyberspace security and artificial intelligence, according to the Ministry of Science and Technology, while deep Earth consists of geology, mineralogy, seismology, geothermal energy and other sciences related to understanding the Earth's internal structure and utilizing its resources.
Compared with the other three frontiers, deep Earth exploration is a relatively uncertain field, considering the enormous resources, manpower and technological ingenuity needed to penetrate the Earth's crust（地壳）, experts said. But since the mid-20th century, more countries are now aware of the strategic importance of this field.
Liu Jiaqi, a geophysicist and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said deep Earth sciences are closely related to the ability to tap into Earth's mineral and energy resources. They also play a key role in environmental protection and easing the risks of natural disasters, such as earthquakes and volcano eruptions.
"It is a science about supporting and sustaining life on Earth. Without it, we cannot thrive," he said, adding that China's long -term economic prosperity（繁荣）depends heavily on the supply of fossil fuels and basic raw ingredients, all of which are created via complex geological activities and extracted（提取）from the ground.
Xu Yigang, a geochemist and a CAS academician, said China attaches such great importance to deep Earth exploration because the country needs to curb its over-reliance on importing iron, copper, nickel, oil and natural gas.
"Therefore, we need to strengthen our basic research into deep Earth sciences so that we can find and mine the resources our country needs," he said.
1. Where can you most probably find this passage?| A．In a magazine | B．In a journal. | C．In a newspaper | D．In a brochure |
| A．They make a great difference to natural disaster prevention |
| B．They make all the difference to environmental protection |
| C．They play a key role in China's long-term economic development |
| D．They are the only hope for China to get independent in natural resources |
| A．extract | B．prosper | C．enhance | D．struggle |
| A．Deep Earth Sciences, Hope For Independence |
| B．Deep Earth Sciences, Key To Development |
| C．Deep Earth Sciences, Frontier For Security |
| D．Deep Earth Sciences, Solution To Poverty |
【推荐3】Manatees — often called sea cows — are an anomaly in the animal kingdom. Neither predator nor prey, these peaceable creatures, which can grow to 13 feet and weigh more than 2,000 pounds, are evolutionarily devoid of aggression. Crystal River — “Manatee Capital of the World” — is the epicenter of their presence and recovery.
Yet despite some gains, manatees still face grave threats. Three-quarters of Florida’s 22 million people live along the coast, many in prime manatee habitat, where the strain of human-presence has degraded the state’s enchanted springs, waterways, and wetlands. In Indian River Lagoon, for example, an important manatee habitat along Florida’s densely populated east coast, decades of human waste, sediment from real estate development, and fertilizers from lawns and farms have clouded the water. That has killed seagrass, manatees’ main food source there. More than a thousand manatees have died in the lagoon during the past two years.
What people don’t understand is the need to help support them in waterways. That means restoring seagrass beds and freshwater aquatic vegetation, the basis of their existence and of the overall health of Florida’s waters. Steps to reverse the damage started small. Neighbors gathered with rakes, scooping up algae by hand. Ironically, it was Save Crystal River — the group environmentalists had opposed during their fight over the manatee’s endangered status — that spearheaded the restoration of aquatic vegetation. With funding from the state government, Save Crystal River hired Sea& Shoreline, an aquatic restoration firm, to remove the waste and replant the river bottom with eelgrass, which grows long, ribbon like leaves.
While the prospect of replanting the entire river was daunting, after vacuuming more than 300 million pounds of detritus and planting some 350,000 individual eelgrass pods by hand, the groups have flipped the river back to an ecosystem no longer dominated by algae.
Instead of spending the few short winter months in Crystal River before heading back out into the Gulf of Mexico to graze, some manatees now linger here year-round, enjoying fat times. Aerial surveys from January 2022 revealed the highest number of manatees ever recorded in these waters — more than a thousand in Kings Bay alone.
1. What is a feature of manatees?| A．They are gentle animals. | B．They feed on small creatures. |
| C．They are slightly aggressive. | D．They look cute for their shape. |
| A．Climate change. | B．Habitat loss. |
| C．Low food supply. | D．Human activities. |
| A．By removing wastes from the river. |
| B．By raising funds from the government. |
| C．By replanting algae in the river bottom. |
| D．By refining manatees’ living surroundings. |
| A．They enjoy the cold winter of Mexico. |
| B．They remain in Manatee Capital for long. |
| C．They head towards the warmer waters during winter. |
| D．They have the largest population ever recorded globally. |
