Sharing a bed with a pet at night is a common feature of nighttime routines in the United States. According to a 2021 —2022 survey, 43 percent of pet dogs in the United States and 49 percent of pet cats sleep on their owner’s bed. When it comes to the perks of sharing your bed with your favourite furry friend, however, experts are divided.
First, it’s worth noting that the majority of research on the topic of co-sleeping with pets has focused on dogs rather than cats. Mark Fierstein, an internal medicine specialist at NYULangone Health in New York City, suggests this is because cats may want to play or even purposely wake up their owner. Rabbits or hamsters are also out of the question.
A benefit of sleeping with pets is that the practice may prevent loneliness, Fierstein says. “Often, people who co-sleep with pets report an increased sense of security, companionship, and relaxation,” he notes. “For some people, the dog’s warmth, steady heartbeat, and protective nature can make sleeping with them feel safe and cozy.” This may be especially true of people who are managing trauma (创伤) or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). LeslieSinn, a psychologist, says according to a survey, 60% of PTSD suffers feel calm down if they wake up to see the presence of the dog.
Some research suggests co-sleeping with pets may increase mid-night awakenings for people. “If the owner is a light sleeper, he or she may not do well with a dog or cat in the bedroom,”notes Fierstein. For example, he points out that a dog who snores (打呼噜) loudly is not an ideal sleeping mate.
Dogs may also show aggressive (好斗的) behaviour — such as biting. Allowing pets in the bedroom can also expose owners to potential allergens (过敏源), like pet hair, as well as viruses that cause disease.
1. What does the underlined word “perks” mean in the first paragraph?A.Feelings. | B.Dangers. | C.Plans. | D.Advantages. |
A.A cat. | B.A dog. | C.A rabbit. | D.A hamster. |
A.Protecting pets. | B.Avoiding loneliness. |
C.Saving money. | D.Keeping busy. |
A.Who Can Sleep with a Pet? | B.Is It Beneficial to Keep a Pet? |
C.Is Sleeping with a Pet a Good Idea? | D.What Kind of Pet Can we Co-Sleep with? |
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【推荐1】A rare butterfly has been discovered in Britain for the first time in 60 years, having moved from Eastern Europe. The only previous record of a wild yellow-legged Tortoiseshell in Britain was in 1953, when it was seen just once in Sevenoaks, Kent. Several weeks ago, there were already four confirmed sightings, along the East coast in Norfolk, Suffolk and Kent, and six further reports of the butterfly in coastal areas. Conservationists are very excited about the sightings, which are rare in the butterfly world.
The butterflies are thought to have flown on easterly winds across Europe in the last few weeks. The large and colourful insect mainly lives in Eastern Europe. In recent years, it has spread into Scandinavia and its number increases rapidly during warm weather. Also known as the Scarce Tortoiseshell, it has an orange and blue colour and is about one third bigger than our own Small Tortoiseshell.
Butterfly Conservation was starting its annual Big Butterfly Count, a yearly survey of the butterflies across the nation. Sir David Attenborough, President of the charity, said, “The UK is a nation of amateur naturalists and we have a proud tradition of celebrating and studying our wildlife. By taking part in the Big Butterfly Count this summer, you can contribute to discovering the fantastic butterflies and other wildlife that share your garden, parks and countryside.” He added, Butterflies fought back last year after a terrible 2012 but despite this, butterflies' number was still below average. Three quarters of the UK's butterflies are in decline and one third are in danger of dying out. This is bad news for the UK's birds, bees, bats and other wildlife.
1. Where does these rare butterflies usually live in?A.Eastern Europe. | B.Norfolk, Suffolk and Kent. |
C.Coastal areas. | D.Sevenoaks, Kent. |
A.Inspire amateurs' studying interest. | B.Teach people to do good gardening. |
C.Study butterflies across Britain. | D.Celebrate naturalists' contributions. |
A.Butterflies' number increased. | B.Butterflies struggled to survive. |
C.Butterflies were dying out. | D.Butterflies felt like fighting. |
A.Butterflies are quite rare in Britain. | B.A rare butterfly appeared in Britain. |
C.Butterflies like traveling frequently. | D.The butterfly word changed a lot. |
【推荐2】Hawks(鹰) and other raptors(猛禽) are impressive predators, and many of these species are adapted for fast, quiet flight to help them attack their prey(猎物). After all, raptors make their living by flying down to take small animals off the ground. While a hawk clearly couldn’t lift a full-grown dog, it might seem reasonable that raptors could lift a small dog, cat or possibly even a human child. Is that a reasonable concern, or just a flight of fancy?
There are urban legends about hawks stealing 12-pound pets, and some taking away kids, but these are based on wrong descriptions of how much weight these raptors can lift. Hawks and owls, for instance, can’t fly away with prey that outweighs them. And given the light weight of even big raptors like red-tailed hawks and great-horned owls —which average about 2 pounds and 3 pounds separately, — they’re unable to take away most adult dogs and cats, not to mention human children.
Some larger red-tailed hawks may be able to carry prey weighing 5 pounds,which could include not just puppies and kittens but also some adult cats and dogs from small kinds. Great-horned owls also focus on small mammals and birds, but they have the most diverse diet of any North American raptor, including larger animals like skunks, ducks and even other raptors. They don’t create a serious threat to pets overall, although they have been known to attack house cats and chickens left outside overnight.
While most pets and kids are probably safe from raptors, it still might be wise to take a few precautions, depending on the situation.
One of the most effective precautions is to watch over your pets when they’re outdoors, which is generally wise anyway, for their safety as well as that of your neighbors and local wildlife. Some pet owners try to drive raptors away, using reflective tape and so on. Some of these might work, at least for a while, but they can’t replace human supervision. If raptors fly down at your pet, an umbrella could help prevent off some species, while a flashlight can reportedly discourage owls after dark.
The presence of wild raptors suggests you live in a healthy ecosystem, and if you can bear to share space with them, there’s a good chance they’ll repay you for your tolerance. Instead of hunting pets, for example, many raptors are far more likely to hunt pests like rats.
1. What does the author think of a hawk taking away a kid?A.It’s just imagination. |
B.It’s a reasonable statement. |
C.It remains to be proven. |
D.It may happen as to big raptors. |
A.Some big hawks can lift up to 12 pounds. |
B.Red-tailed hawks can carry cats and dogs, large and small. |
C.Great-horned owls prefer to eat small animals rather than large ones. |
D.Great-horned owls in general cannot lift more than 3 pounds. |
A.Use reflective tape. |
B.Use a flashlight at night. |
C.Keep an eye on your pets as much as possible. |
D.Keep your pets under the umbrella all the time. |
A.they can scare away harmful animals |
B.they may help you catch rats and other pests |
C.it helps to keep the ecosystem in balance |
D.it helps you understand the importance of tolerance |
A.How to protect pets from raptors. |
B.How raptors get their food. |
C.What prey raptors usually feed on. |
D.Whether raptors catch pets or kids. |
【推荐3】Some people may be picky eaters, but as a species we are not. Birds, bugs and whales, we’ll eat them all. Yet our reliance on wild animals goes far beyond just feeding ourselves. From agricultural feed to medicine to the pet trade, modern society exploits wild animals in a way that beats even the most aggressive wild predator (捕食者). Now, for the first time, researchers have tried to capture the full picture of how we use wildlife, including how many, and for what purposes. The research showcases just how broad our influence on wild animals is.
In the study, researchers have found that humans kill, collect or otherwise use about 15,000 species. That’s up to 300 times more than the next top predator in any ecosystem.
Yet according to Chris Darimont, a co-author of the study, the biggest shock isn’t how many species we affect but why we take them. “The result,” he says, “is that we remove, or essentially prey on, more species of animals for non-food reasons than for food reasons.”And the biggest non-food use is as pets and pet food. “That’s where things have gone off the rails (轨道),” he says. The problem is especially serious for tropical birds. The helmeted hornbill, for example, is captured mainly for the pe trade, or for its beak to be used as medicine or to be carved like ivory. Their disappearance limits seed dispersal and the spread of trees around the forest.
Another big difference between humans’ influence on wild animals and that of other predators is that we tend to favor rare and exotic (外来的) species in a way other animals do not. Most predators target common species, since they are easier to find and catch. Humans, nowever, tend to covet the novel. “The more rare it is,” say scientists, “the more that drives up the price, and therefore it may go into extinction.”
If we want wild species to survive, we need to reestablish our relationship with them, perhaps from predator to caretaker.
1. What role do humans play in their present relationship with wildlife according to the author?A.Picky predators. | B.Protectors of biodiversity. |
C.Greedy predators. | D.Caretakers of the environment. |
A.More species hunted for non-food use. |
B.The impact of pet industries on wildlife. |
C.The number of species affected by humans. |
D.The consequences caused by species extinction. |
A.Long for huge profits. |
B.Favor domestic species. |
C.Take interest in pet trade. |
D.Seek after new and unique things. |
A.To promote stricter rules for hunting. |
B.To advocate eco-friendly pet choices. |
C.To reveal how humans affect biodiversity. |
D.To highlight the need for wildlife conservation. |
【推荐1】When we feel exhausted, our brains want to save mental energy by directing our focus to the most readily available information to help us make decisions quickly. Therefore, we often do the thing that feels right, or rush to judgment without proper consideration.
Yet, we know hard actions can bring benefits — ones that may not be visible for some time.
So, how do we do hard things when our brains are constantly telling us to avoid effort?
•
• Give our brains the right amount of autonomy. When we have choices, our brains often want something easy.
Doing things that feel uncomfortable and liking hard work can seem counterintuitive (反直觉的). But by understanding what’s going on in your brain, instead of depending on your first feeling, you can work toward completing hard things and manage your fears better.
A.Think about starting a new exercise routine. |
B.Try hard things when we’re in a good mood. |
C.Accomplish hard things by having the supports of others. |
D.The result is that many of us tend to do what simply feels right. |
E.The brain does this because it’s much easier to process existing ideas than new ones. |
F.But there are still some people seeking challenges regardless of these difficulties. |
G.But we can reduce that response by providing ourselves with limited choices. |
【推荐2】How Much Exercise Do I Need?
When it comes to exercise, less is not more-but it’s certainly better than none. Physical inactivity accounts for as many as 23 percent of all deaths from major chronic diseases, yet almost one of every three Americans is sedentary. According to the Centers for Disease Control, 29.4 percent of those surveyed report they have no free-time physical activity at all. City people tend to be more active than country folks, with 27.4 percent saying they are sedentary, compared with 36.6 percent of those in rural areas.
Light activity can improve physical and mental well-being. While light activity is good, moderate activity is even better, and health experts encourage everyone to have at least 30 minutes a day of moderate physical activity. But you don’t have to head to a gym. As recent studies have confirmed, “lifestyle” activities, such as walking, house cleaning and gardening, are as effective as a structured exercise program in improving heart function, lowering blood pressure and keeping or losing weight.
In one study, overweight, sedentary middle-aged men and women who learned behavioral skills to make them more physically active, such as walking around airports or train stations while waiting for a departure, reduced their body fat percentage and improved their blood pressure and heart function as much as individuals participating in structured programs at a fitness center. In another study, fat women ranging in age from 21 to 60 who adopted a more active lifestyle lost as much weight as women in a low-impact aerobics (有氧健身)program-and regained fewer pounds in the following year.
Recognizing the value of different levels and types of activity, the American College of Sports Medicine has changed its recommendations on quantity and quality of exercise to include flexibility as well as aerobic and muscle exercise and to acknowledge that multiple short periods of exercise during the day are nearly as beneficial as one long session.
1. By saying that almost one third of Americans are sedentary, the author means________ .A.they take proper exercise to be healthy | B.they know nothing about light activity |
C.they are very fond of physical activity | D.they take little free-time physical activity |
A.light activity is especially good for the middle-aged people |
B.people like light activity because it won’t make them feel tired |
C.people only need to do light activity three times a week to keep fit |
D.light activity promotes people’s well-being physically and mentally |
A.No less than half an hour’s moderate activity daily can do us good. |
B.Moderate activity is no better than light activity to people. |
C.“Lifestyle” activities don’t belong to moderate activity. |
D.People may go to the gym to take moderate activity. |
A.Doing gymnastics at a gym. | B.Taking outdoor activities. |
C.Walking. | D.Gardening. |
【推荐3】Why do people lie? Many psychologists agree that lying can start from childhood. There are various reasons why children make false statements. They usually tell untruthful stories to cover up the mistakes that they have done in the past. Lying is also a way to avoid receiving punishments from parents. If parents fail to reprimand their children for making up false stories, then there is a possibility that they will continue to lie during their teenage years.
Teenagers lie because they want to be accepted by their friends. This is the main reason why they create stories that are not true just to become presentable and acceptable to other people. In some instances, teenagers tell untruthful statements to avoid criticisms from their families and friends.
As teenagers grow, lying becomes one of their habits. Their knowledge on making up untruthful stories becomes more developed. People lie in workplaces if they fail to meet the deadlines and if they fail to accomplish and do their tasks efficiently. Some of the common lies made in workplaces are getting sick and having emergencies at home. The danger involved in frequent lying is when it becomes a character. Frequent lying causes the development of the condition known to doctors as pathological lying.
Pathological lying is a mental health condition, which is associated with individuals who have the urge to tell untruthful statements. Patients suffering from it make up stories about everything and anything. These individuals pretend to meet the standards of other people who they want to please. These patients cheat other people because it gives them an unexplained pleasure. One of the best ways of treating pathological liars is to help them tell true statements and stories at all times. This may be hard for them, but as they are accustomed to it, they will start to realize that they will be more accepted by their families and other people if they stop themselves from making up false stories.
1. What does the underlined word “reprimand” in Paragraph 1 mean?A.satisfy. | B.criticize. |
C.discourage. | D.praise. |
A.Because the patients can't help lying. |
B.Because the patients lose interest in everything. |
C.Because the patients are critical about themselves. |
D.Because the patients have the urge to please others. |
A.They really want to play jokes on others. |
B.They often suffer from some other diseases. |
C.They usually want to show off themselves by making some statements. |
D.They always like making up pleasing stories. |
A.By showing some typical examples. |
B.By predicting the future consequences. |
C.By analyzing its causes and development. |
D.By listing a group of phenomena. |
【推荐1】★★★★★What an interesting movie
2 March, by Jane
The Princess Dairies is a movie about a teenager named Mia Thermopolis. Shortly before her sixteenth birthday, she is shocked by the life-changing news that she is the princess of a fictional kingdom called Genovia. Starring Anne Hathaway, it is definitely a movie you should not miss!
Mia, a socially awkward American girl, becomes princess of Genovia when her long-absent father, the Crown Prince, dies. She’ s taught how to behave perfectly. However, things get out of hand when the media gets hold of the story, putting Mia in the spotlight. On top of this, she must make a choice between continuing the normal life of a San Francisco teen and stepping up to the throne.
The movie explores the theme of responsibility in an intelligent and humorous way. The most memorable scene is towards the end of the movie when, during Mia s darkest moment of self-doubt, she is touched by a letter her father left her.“Courage is not the absence of fear, but rather the judgement that something else is more important than fear.”It’s one of the most unforgettable lines from the movie.
The Princess Diaries is an interesting movie. It’s about being and bettering yourself, and about knowing who your real friends are. Watch it now!
1. Who is the main character?A.Anne Hathaway. | B.Mia’s father. |
C.The king. | D.Jane. |
A.Mia’s long-absent father dies. |
B.Mia gets the news of being a princess. |
C.Mia is taught how to behave perfectly. |
D.Self-doubting Mia is touched by a letter from her father. |
A.Horrible. | B.Boring. |
C.Interesting. | D.Costly. |
A.A book. | B.A movie review. |
C.A diary. | D.A news report. |
【推荐2】Bretton Woods revisited
On July 22, 1944, as allied troops were racing across Normandy to liberate Paris, representatives of 44 nations meeting at the Mount Washington resort in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, created a financial and monetary system for the postwar era, referred to as Bretton Woods system.
John Maynard Keynes, leader of the British delegation, was playing a tricky dual role. He had proposed a new monetary system to free the world from the Great Depression. He hoped that the new monetary system, would be the international pillar for the series of domestic measures that came to be known as Keynesian—the use of public spending to cure depression and the regulation of financial markets to prevent downturns caused by failed private financial investments. Keynes was also hoping to restore Britain's prewar position as a leading industrial and financial power. His two roles overlapped, but far from perfectly The Americans shared the British desire to restore world growth, but not to preserve Britain's empire.
Keynes wrote to his colleague after the conference that in the new International Monetary Fund, “we have in truth got both in substance and in phrasing all that we could reasonably hope for.” The new World Bank, Keynes declared, offered "grand possibilities”. The Americans are virtually committing themselves to quite huge untied loans for reconstruction and development.
Yet in many respects, Bretton Woods was failure for Keynes and the British. America today is often described as the only surviving superpower, but in 1944 U.S. supremacy was towering. Germany and Japan were on the edge of ruin. Britain had gone massively into debt. The Russians had lost tens of millions of soldiers and civilians. America was unharmed, its casualties were modest by comparison, it held most of the world's financial reserves, and its industrial plant was mightier than ever.
Though Keynes inspired Bretton Woods, the Americans won the day. In most matters, a rival design by Keynes's American counterpart, Harry Dexter White, prevailed. White, a left-wing New Dealer serving as No. 2 man at the Department of Treasury, shared Keynes's basic views on money. But the White plan provided a far more modest fund and bank. Instead of the generous extension of wartime lend-lease aid that Keynes was promoting, the British had to settle for an American loan, to be repaid with interest.
The Bretton Woods system was welcomed as a vast improvement over both the rigid gold standard of pre-1914 and the monetary disorder of the interwar period. For a quarter-century, Bretton Woods enhanced a rare period of steady growth, full employment, and financial stability. But in many respects, the boastful role of the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the Bretton Woods rules specifying fixed exchange rates was a convenient illusion. The system's true pillar was the United States the U.S. dollar as global currency; the U.S. economy as the consumer market for other nations' exports; and U.S. recovery aid in the form of the Marshall Plan, which dwarfed the function of the World Bank.
In the early 1970s, the Bretton Woods system came crashing down when domestic inflation forced the United States to devalue its own currency and cease playing the dominant role. Monetary instability and slower growth followed.
1. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?A.Keynes was satisfied with the outcome of the conference. |
B.Keynes further explained the idea of monetary reform he presented. |
C.Keynes emphasized the importance of having a new World Bank. |
D.Keynes pointed out the important role America played in postwar era. |
A.the roles of US and Britain in postwar era. | B.the basic principles related to loans. |
C.the timing and target of giving fund. | D.the interest rate British banks should offer. |
A.The Bretton Woods system improved the rigid gold standard of the interwar period. |
B.International Monetary Fund dominated the world market in many fields. |
C.The Bretton Woods system largely depended on the US economic success. |
D.Many countries received financial aid from the World Bank. |
A.the role of economy in the postwar era. |
B.two types of postwar diplomacy and their results. |
C.an individual's contribution to the postwar world. |
D.the development of a financial system and its impact. |
【推荐3】Feeling tired? Under too much stress? Well, you may want to try Yoga. It’s what more and more people have been turning to to release the trouble of modern life. Practically unheard of in the West until 50 years ago, Yoga has become one of the most popular health trends around the world, including China. If you search for Yoga on line in Chinese, lots of pages are there to see, most of which are main pages of Yoga clubs. In order to keep fit and lose weight, many girls spend more than 1000 yuan taking part in Yoga classes every month.
However, are you really ready for it? There are several things you need to know before you really take it.
First, do not force your body too much. Yoga has many difficult poses. They are beautiful and worth boasting if you could finish them. But if you force yourself to do as exactly as an experienced Yoga teacher does, you may hurt your body, instead of strengthening it. Do you remember you original purpose for playing Yoga? It is self -building, not competing.
Second, do some research about the Yoga class that you are to register. Yoga is new in China and there are not so many certificated well-trained Yoga teachers. Some not well-organized clubs just find someone who learns a little Yoga and certificate them. But be aware, a non-eligible teacher might wrongly guide you and you could not benefit from the classes much except that they force you to exercise your body a bit. Considering about the large amount of money you invest in it, it’s worth and reasonable to make sure the teachers in the club are qualified before you join.
Third, it would be better to learn something about nutrition when you practice Yoga. In the very beginning, Yoga was part of the Vedas, bible of the traditional Indian philosophy. So it could be regarded as a kind of lifestyle. When you have decided to care for your body, why not feed it properly? In fact, good clubs have their own nutritionists.
Anyhow, make sure you are ready before you act. The fashion may change quickly. But what benefits is still good for us.
1. The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to ________.A.tell people how to relax themselves |
B.let people know more about Yoga |
C.give people some advice on taking part in Yoga classes |
D.tell peoples Yoga has gained its popularity in China |
A.inexperienced | B.unqualified |
C.impatient | D.unkind |
A.Yoga has nothing to do with culture | B.Yoga is somehow easy to exercise |
C.many people learn Yoga in order to compete | D.not all the Yoga clubs have standard teachers |