A team of Chinese researchers have recently developed a new type of self-powered flexible and transparent(透明的) electronic skin to monitor human activities, shedding light on the future of wearable electronics. This new e-skin integrates a flexible transparent supercapacitor(超级电容器)as an energy storage device with a stretchable transparent strain sensor(应变传感器). Thanks to its mechanical softness, the integrated e-skin can be directly attached to various parts on the body.
As the largest organ of human body, skin is responsible for multiple major functions such as protection, perspiration (出汗) , regulation of body temperature, and sensory stimulation(感觉刺激) . It forms the basis of people’s physical interactions with the outside world.
The ideal e-skin should be highly sensitive, self-powered, and suitable for the human skin. “Inspired by sensory functions and performance of real human skin, we have made the new e-skin both flexible and transparent to serve multiple functions. After charging, it is capable of monitoring of people’s subtle physical signals and multi-scaled activities in real- time. It can measure a person’s pulse, tell when they are swallowing, and detect other body movements,” said Lan Wei, a professor at the School of Physical Science and Technology of Lanzhou University and the leader of the research team.
E-skin is the core of future wearable electronic devices. The new invention can be applied in smart health care, human-machine interaction, virtual reality and artificial intelligence. For example, it could help surgeons control surgical robots more precisely(精确地), enable people to “touch” over long distances, and create more immersive(沉浸式的) gaming experiences.
Going ahead, the research team will focus on strengthening the sensory capacity and power supply of the e-skin, making it even more like human skin, which will in turn make it more adaptive to various future applications.
1. What is the purpose of the new wearable e-skin?| A．To monitor human activities. |
| B．To regulate body temperature. |
| C．To slow down the aging of human skin. |
| D．To improve the flexibility of human skin. |
| A．It has large battery storage. |
| B．It can be attached to human skin directly. |
| C．It can meet diverse functional requirements. |
| D．It is highly sensitive to environmental change. |
| A．Its target users. | B．Its medical value. |
| C．Its working theory. | D．Its application potential. |
| A．Electronic Skin: A New Breakthrough |
| B．Electronic Skin: A Technology Reform |
| C．Electronic Skin: The Welfare to Human Health |
| D．Electronic Skin: The Model of Wearable Devices |
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【推荐1】China which boasts 4 inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its ability to change the world with its “new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. “The new great inventions are all related to China’s high technologies, which improved the quality of people’s lives.” said Wu Hao, executive director of the BRRI.
“It is increasingly clear that China is creative and is leading in many ways such as social messaging app WeChat,” said Rebecca Fannin, founder and editor of Silicon Dragon. The new four innovative ways of life were most appealing to youths from 20 countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative, according to a survey by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University.
“My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a tap of my phone,” said Lin Jinlong, an overseas Chinese student from Cambodia, adding that. “even pancake sellers are using Alipay”. “I can order food at home in China, which is super convenient. If I were at home in Cambodia, I would have to go outdoors.”
“The trip from Beijing to the coastal city of Tianjin is more than 100 km. You can’t imagine how fast it takes if you travel by Chinese high-speed train. It will take only half an hour. But in Cambodia, which has only two railways, the traveling time of the same distance will be increased 6 times,” said Lin.
“China has entered a new period,” said Bernhard Schwartlander, World Health Organization Representative in China. As a huge fan of bicycles, Bernhard expressed his affection for China’s shared bicycles, saying that “shared bikes are bringing cycling back to people’s lives and they are making public transport more attractive and convenient, and encouraging people to be more active.”
1. According to the passage, ______ belongs to the “new four great inventions”.| A．online shopping | B．printing | C．papermaking | D．compass |
| A．Food can be ordered by cell phones in Cambodian. |
| B．Alipay is only popular with pancake sellers in China. |
| C．Traveling 100 km by rail in Cambodia takes up to 3 hours. |
| D．Wallets can be replaced by cell phones both in China and Cambodia. |
| A．High-speed railways. | B．Electronic payments. |
| C．Shared bicycles. | D．Online shopping. |
| A．To compare old and new four Chinese great inventions. |
| B．To introduce benefits of popular means of transportation. |
| C．To present a Cambodian student’s living experience in China. |
| D．To show how four Chinese new inventions impressed the world. |
【推荐2】Facebook says it is working on technology to allow us to control computers directly with our brains. It is developing "silent speech "software to allow people to type at a rate of 100 words per minute, it says. The project, in its early stages, will require new technology to detect brainwaves without needing invasive operation. "We are not talking about monitoring your random thoughts," assured Facebook's Regina Dugan. "You have many thoughts, and you choose to share some of them. We're talking about monitoring those words. A silent speech interface（界面）-one with all the speed and flexibility（灵活）of voice. ”
Ms Dugan is the company's head of Building 8，the firm's hardware research lab. The company said it intends to build both the hardware and software to achieve its goal，and has employed a team of more than 60 scientists and academics to work on the project.
On his Facebook page，Mark Zuckerberg added，“Our brains produce enough data to stream four HD（高清）movies every second. The problem is that the best way we have to get information out into the world-speech-can only send about the same amount of data as a 1980s modern. We're working on a system that will let you type straight from your brain about five times faster than you can type on your phone today. Finally，we want to turn it into a wearable technology that can be produced in quantity. ”
Technology is going to have to get a lot more advanced before we can share a pure thought or feeling. but this is a first step. Other ideas detailed at the company's developers conference in San Jose included work to allow people to “hear" through skin. The system，comparable to Braille，uses pressure points on the skin to pass information. "One day，not so far away，it may be possible for me to think in Chinese, and you to feel it instantly in Spanish,"Ms Dugan said.
1. What can we know about the "silent speech"?| A．It benefits blind people a lot. | B．it monitors our random thoughts. |
| C．It controls computers directly. | D．It allows people to type fast. |
| A．this wearable technology has already been put into use |
| B．typing directly from brains might become a reality some day |
| C．the best way to send information out is to use a 1980s modern |
| D．speaking speed is slower than that of our brains producing data |
| A．Chinese will become a language of computer. |
| B．Facebook has a long way to go to achieve its goal. |
| C．It is impossible to control computers with brains. |
| D．Computers can be monitored by people's skin now. |
| A．Facebook shares brain-control ambitions |
| B．Computers bring profits to Facebook |
| C．Silent speech changes people's lifestyle |
| D．New technology detects brainwaves |
【推荐3】Did you know it’s possible to swim with whales in the ocean while lying on a hospital bed? Have you imagined experiencing your 74th birthday as a 20-something? Medical virtual reality is an area with interesting and attractive possibilities. Although the field is brand new, there are already great examples of VR having a positive effect on health care. Here are some.
Have you ever lain down on a hospital bed counting the clays until you leave the hospital? Brennan Spiegel and his team at the Cedars-Sinai hospital in Los Angeles introduced VR worlds to their patients to help them reduce stress and pain. With the special glasses, they could escape the four walls of the hospital and enjoy amazing scenery in Iceland, take part in the work of an art studio or swim together with whales in the ocean. So the hospital experience is improved.
As we know, the experience in a hospital is even more stressful for small children who miss their parents and friends. Now, a Dutch company made their dream possible. Through a smart phone and virtual glasses, VisitU makes live contact possible with a 360 degree camera at the patient’s home, school or special occasions like a birthday celebration or a football game. Though staying in hospital, young patients can relax and still enjoy their lives.
Did you wonder what it feels like to grow old? Embodied Labs created “We Are Alfred” by using VR technology to show young medical students what ageing means. Everyone can be the imagined Alfred for 7 minutes, and experience what it feels like to live as a 74-year-old man. Thus it’s possible to solve the disconnection between young doctors and elderly patients clue to their huge age difference.
MindMotionPro, produced by the Swiss Mindmaze, allows patients with a brain injury to u practicen how to lift their arms or move their fingers with the help of virtual reality. The app makes the practice of repetitive movements fun for patients. The mental effort helps their damaged nervous systems to recover much faster than lying helplessly in bed.
1. What is implied in the questions raised in Paragraph 1?| A．The characters of medical VR. |
| B．The function of medical VR. |
| C．The popularity of medical VR. |
| D．The limitation about medical VR. |
| A．Relaxing patients in hospital. |
| B．Raising the hospitals’ price. |
| C．Exposing patients to real life. |
| D．Making patients adapt to their surroundings. |
| A．To make doctors trust their patients. |
| B．To increase doctors’ interest in their work. |
| C．To help doctors experience the life of an elder. |
| D．To help young doctors know much about elderly patients. |
| A．Spieget’s special glasses. | B．The application of VisitU. |
| C．The use of MindMotionPro. | D．The creation of “We Are Alfred”. |
【推荐1】Eric Ravilious was one of the greatest watercolorists of the 20th century, loved for his paintings of famous English landmarks. While he was a master painter and designer, his another great role was as a war artist. Among the finest and most productive of his generation, he died while on active duty during World War II. 2022 marks the 80th anniversary of his death, which raises the question: What makes a great war artist?
Ravilious’s war art is famous for its innocence and purity. Ravilious’s soft colors, cartoon-like figures, tranquil tide pools and sky ease the apparent danger and threat on the battle field. Staying true to his style was one of Ravilious’s greatest strengths. From his paintings we can see his firm control of the watercolor, his calm expression and attention to detail, showing his extraordinary insight and expression. He did not focus on style, but rather on his attitude and way of expression. He added a strong personal touch to the themes. That is why he is great. He often worked in very dangerous situations: sometimes painting on the deck of a military ship with fighters flying overhead or moving at such speed that his paints might be flying everywhere.
One of his friends said, “His war paintings are very much like children’s description of war. I saw a lot of paintings by refugee (难民) children and adults in Iraq. They are very similar to Eric Ravilious’s paintings. In their respective ways, they all describe war in an innocent and almost naïve (幼稚的) manner. In fact, the cruelty of war cannot be understood by everyone because it is in human and in humane.” He concludes, “Seen in this light, what Eric Ravilious did enables us to look at war with a calm mind. This is truly special.”
1. What does the underlined word “tranquil” in paragraph 2 mean?| A．Pure. | B．Peaceful. | C．Dangerous. | D．Extraordinary. |
| A．His painting theme. | B．His innocence and purity. |
| C．His control of the watercolor. | D．His attitude and strong personal style. |
| A．They described war in a similar manner. |
| B．They could only be understood by children. |
| C．They were painted in similar shades of color. |
| D．They helped people to know the cruelty of war. |
| A．War Art: Cruel Beauty | B．War Art: Pure and Innocent |
| C．Eric Ravilious: A Great War Artist | D．Eric Ravilious: An Innocent Man |
【推荐2】Nowadays, more and more employers and employees work online either full-time or part-time, and that number is continuing growing. It’s believed that flying around the world for face-to-face company meetings is a waste of time and money. An effective choice to get rid of it is to use web meetings.
A large number of group presentations, training classes and meetings are done online without losing the face-to-face experience. Web meetings are online meetings where an organiser invites attendees to listen to or watch an online presentation by presenters. Besides, web meetings can be recorded for later use.
Presenters can take real-time surveys to study how to hold a successful meeting. Some web meeting software programmes can monitor the users’ desktop behaviour to see if they become distracted from the presentation and begin working on other documents. If so, the programme can tell presenters when the listeners lose their attention, and how long the distraction lasts. In this way, the presenters will know which parts of their meetings need improving.
Web meetings can work well because they’re hosted on a server (服务器). Images from the presenter’s desktop are taken, uploaded to a server and then downloaded by people who have access to the server, web meetings require a powerful server to deal with several images a second and “serve” them back to thousands of users at the same time.
Companies have two choices when it comes to these servers. They can either buy a special web meeting server to host their meetings on-site, or they can pay for a web meeting service every time and let the off-site provider worry about hosting the meetings. The choice depends on how frequently the company holds web meetings, the average number of people attending the meetings, and the quality of engineering and information technology.
Web meetings are an excellent example of how technology is changing the way we do business. With all the technologies today, the traditional office might soon be a thing of the past.
1. The purpose of this passage is .| A．to advertise servers used in web meetings |
| B．to persuade companies to hold web meetings |
| C．to introduce the benefits of using web meetings |
| D．to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of web meetings |
| A．By tracking the users’ state. |
| B．By giving useful suggestions. |
| C．By sharing detailed technical data. |
| D．By providing other presenters’ videos. |
| A．relies little on the quality of IT |
| B．holds web meetings twice a week |
| C．doesn’t have so many employees |
| D．has branches in the same city or province |
| A．Web meetings help presenters stay focused. |
| B．Web meetings work without the help of a server. |
| C．Web meetings determine the quality of engineering. |
| D．Web meetings are likely to be widely used. |
【推荐3】In the last few years, companies like oBike have begun flooding streets in places like Japan and Australia with bikes. Businessman Mike Than Tun Win realized these bikes could do much good for schoolchildren in Myanmar, of whom some walk an hour or more every day to school. Then he created LessWalk which buys up the bikes from other countries.
LessWalk modifies（改装）bikes to make them more useful for students. The rental bikes used to require a smartphone app to unlock them. LessWalk changed this for a lock with a key. They also added a second seat in the back of the bikes, allowing two children to ride to school on one bike. Recently they’re replacing the bike’s regular tires with a solid tire that can’t go flat. With all the changes, each bike packed attractively costs LessWalk about $35. “Despite the cost, the benefits it can develop are well worth trying,” Than told TechCrunch.
The project bought thousands of rental bikes from failed companies and shipped them to Myanmar. The process wasn’t as easy as it sounds—there was lots of paperwork concerned in moving the bikes from one country to another. But giving out the bikes takes a little longer given that LessWalk wants to make sure that the bikes go, for free, to the students who need them the most and Myanmar has a population of over 50 million people and more than nine million students. The project is working with Myanmar’s government and school systems to focus on poor students walking long distances a day to school.
Than hopes to bring in as many as 100,000 bikes and expand the program to other countries like Laos and Cambodia. Than is also hopeful that he can inspire “global friends” to follow him to put the abandoned bikes to work, instead of creating yet more urban waste.
1. How many modifications does LessWalk do to the bikes?| A．2. | B．3. |
| C．4. | D．5. |
| A．Shipping the bikes is so difficult. | B．There’re too many poor students. |
| C．The bikes need packing carefully. | D．Targeted bike donation is needed. |
| A．Ambitious. | B．Encouraged. |
| C．Well-experienced. | D．Nature-loving. |
| A．Removal of Urban Rubbish | B．Recycle of Donated Bikes |
| C．Benefits beyond the Cost | D．Students’ New Vehicles |
