Many people list hiccups(嗝)as one of the most annoying problems which are associated with human being. For a group of people, continuous hiccups can seriously harm the quality of life. In the year 2017, the question “what causes hiccups?” was the most searched medical question. That’s how much of an issue these hiccups are and it also reflects that this problem is so widespread in our daily life.
Dr. All Seifi, a professor of the University of Texas, was tired of the traditional methods which are used to dispel hiccups, like drinking water or varying breathing techniques. He then came up with the idea that a straw(吸管)could help interrupt hiccups. The straw, which goes by the marketing name HiccAway, requires more power than regular straws in order to draw up liquid. Drinking with this straw can lower the diaphragm(隔膜)while first opening it and then closing it. Doing so stimulates the nerves at the same time, allowing the brain to reset and stop the hiccups.
Dr. James Alvarez of the University of Texas gathered 249 volunteers to use the straw and report back their results. About 92% of the participants said that HiccAway helped their hiccups go away. When it comes to effectiveness, this straw received a score of 4.58 out of 5. About 90% of participants marked it as more effective than traditional home methods. A majority of the participants reported several occasions when they always suffer from hiccups, while about 11 reported daily hiccups issues, and 53 reported that they suffered from hiccups weekly. The frequent sufferers reported back success rates that were consistently as high as people who didn’t suffer from them as often.
The one issue is that hiccups are an issue where placebo effect(安慰作用)could likely come into play. A lot of people swear by solutions that do not end up working for others. It is not clear how this trial could be conducted in a more scientific way.
1. What does the underlined word “dispel” in paragraph 2 mean?A.Challenge. | B.Secure. | C.Terrify. | D.Remove. |
A.It was beneficial for their brainpower. |
B.It was helpful for them to behave actively. |
C.It was more effective than traditional ones. |
D.It was good for them to improve their ability. |
A.Its experimental result. | B.Its experimental process. |
C.Its major function. | D.Its wide popularity. |
A.Many people hope that hiccups should be soon cured. |
B.The new method should be approved by scientists. |
C.The study has caught people’s attention on hiccups. |
D.A further research should be involved in the study. |
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【推荐1】Many people trying to sell homes find that an increase in home prices has turned the market in their favor. But sellers can still get the short end of the deal if they aren't careful. Here are a few tips for you:
Don't test your luck. Of course you think anyone who moves into your lovely home should be willing to pay top dollars, especially if you've recently invested in some improvements. But listing a home at a price that's too high above the market price could turn away some buyers.
Buyers noticing that the home still hasn't sold may begin to assume there's something wrong with the house and use that as a reasonable excuse for offering a lower price. And if a home hasn't received any offers after two weeks, it might be time to reset the price.
A price that's too low can bring about an undesired outcome. Listing your home at or slightly below the market price can have the effect of drawing in a large group of buyers and increase the chances that a home will receive multiple offers. But setting the price too low comes with several risks. One possibility is that buyers will get skeptical of the home that is listed for $ 15,000 to $ 20,000 less than similar homes in the area, especially if it's not properly marketed. Once again, people might assume there is something wrong with the home and may not bother to look at it.
Spy on the competition. Going to other people's open houses can give you a better sense of how your home compares to others on the market. Check out the decoration in their kitchens, the size of their backyards and use the information to figure out where your home should fit in the range of the price. But don't set your pricing just on what you see elsewhere.
1. What does the underlined part in Paragraph l probably mean?A.Be at a disadvantage. |
B.Get the upper hand. |
C.Have control over the situation. |
D.Be unable to fit in. |
A.Price your house on the basis of its geographic location. |
B.Price your house slightly above the market price after decorating it. |
C.Change the price if no offer has been received within a week. |
D.Price your house at or slightly below the market price. |
A.buyers might think it not worthwhile to go to have a look |
B.you are likely to come into conflict with the neighborhood sellers |
C.your house will be crowded with buyers within a couple of days |
D.chances of your house being sold at a better price will be greatly increased |
A.You can pick up some useful lessons on house selling. |
B.You can get your pricing mainly based on what you see elsewhere. |
C.You can work out how much money you should ask for your home. |
D.You can know how to make your house stand out against other houses. |
【推荐2】Mental health is a critical aspect of overall well-being, yet it is often ignored in our fast- paced society.
Studies have shown that a person with good mental health lives longer and has a higher quality of life. The effects of positive mental health on the body are plenty, including reducing the risk of diseases and improving overall physical well-being.
Our mental state has a significant impact on relationships. People with good mental health are more likely to be kind and understanding.
Mental health is as essential as physical health in maintaining a fulfilling life. If we run into trouble, don’t keep it to yourself.
A.Turn to friends or families. |
B.They strongly connect with others. |
C.Physical health has been a problem. |
D.So ways to keep positive must be found. |
E.And a clear mind can help make smart choices. |
F.The mind actually needs as much care as the body. |
G.Mental health is vital for keeping emotional balance. |
【推荐3】Harvesting fruit is a very precise operation. The fruit must be picked when it is perfectly ripe. But with pickers in short supply in recent years. growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their crops. Tevel Aerobotics Technologies came to the farmers’ rescue with the Flying Autonomous Robots (FARs) that can help pick fruit.
“Not finding enough fruit pickers is every farmer’s biggest concern,” Yaniv Maor, Tevel’s founder and CEO said. Ask any farmer, anywhere in the world and they’ll tell you they don’t have the people. Food consumption is increasing, but labor availability(劳动力可用性) is decreasing. If pickers are not available. fruit will go bad on the trees. The flying robots will work day and night in almost any weather, without taking a break, to pick as much ripe fruit as possible.
Maor set up Tevel in 2017 and developed the technology after seeing young Israelis pick fruit and get tired after a few hours. He realized that there had to be a better way, so he began developing the software and artificial intelligence (AI) that are needed for the smart robot pickers. “We have to teach the robots about the structure of each fruit how to access the fruit and how to rotate(转动) it and disconnect it from the tree,” Maor said.
The flying robots circle round trees and pick only the ripe ones with a twist(扭动) of their integrated grasper arms. The robots are fitted with cameras that USC AI to assess the size and color of the fruit so that only the ripe ones are picked. The cameras also ensure that the robots’ paths are not blocked.
The robots arc currently picking Asian pears in Israel. In 2022, the FARs were used in pilot programs in Italy to pick peaches and other fruits, as well as in the US. They are not a replacement for labor, instead, they are a solution for the inadequate human pickers. In the future fewer people will work in picking and more will work in managing the robots, analyzing the data and making decisions.
1. Why are the FARs developed?A.To meet the shortage of pickers to pick fruit. |
B.To improve the software and AI for smart robots. |
C.To help farmers keep the fruit in perfect condition. |
D.To relieve farmers from the tiredness of picking fruit. |
A.Maor developed the FARs out of curiosity. |
B.The FARs can produce more fruit for food consumption. |
C.Labor shortage is an urgent problem in every country. |
D.The FARs can work without stop in almost any weather. |
A.How the robots work. | B.What the robots consist of. |
C.Why the robots are useful. | D.Where the robots are used. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Positive. |
C.Worried. | D.Unclear. |
【推荐1】Do you have bright ideas? Ideas for inventions that change society or, at least, make life easier for somebody? Perhaps we all do sometimes but we don’t often make the idea come true. Recently, in Britain, there was a competition called British Designers for Tomorrow. The competition encouraged young people to carry out their bright ideas. There were two groups in the contest: Group One was for school children over 16. And there were eleven prize-winners altogether.
Neil Hunt, one of the prize-winners, was called “Sunshine Superman”. It’s important when people study the weather to be able to record sunshine. We need to know how many hours of sunshine we have and how strong it is. Most sunshine records only record direct sunlight. Neil’s is accurate and this is very important for research into way of using its power.
You can do so much with animated cartoon. Look at Simon West’s idea for animated road signs. He uses pictures which appear to move as you go nearer to or farther from them. This isn’t a new idea. But it is new to use these pictures on road signs. “We found that people were likely to see moving signs,” said Simon. So now, you can really see rocks falling, trains moving, horses running or car falling over the edge of a cliff. Quite a warning!
The ideas in the competition were so inventive that we are surprised that British industry doesn’t ask more school children for suggestions. Perhaps this will be the start of “pupil power”!
1. The writer holds that people seldom _________.A.have bright ideas | B.make their bright ideas come true |
C.make their life easier | D.think of inventing something |
A.To warn people to be careful while working. |
B.To warn people on the roads of the danger ahead. |
C.To add to the beauty of a city. |
D.To help make a car trip more exciting. |
A.take better care of school children |
B.help school children in their studies |
C.stop asking school children for suggestions |
D.pay more attention to school children’s inventive power |
【推荐2】Parker Stewart, a 16-year-old from Sayre School, a college preparatory school in the United States, knew last year that he wanted his independent study on the environment to have a broad impact on the community. In order to "reduce the carbon footprint," Stewart planned to produce enough solar energy to power the school's science labs. Now his plan is set to happen. The installation of 30 solar panels is scheduled for late January.
As he began his research on solar energy, he discovered a useful phone app. By entering an address, he could find out how much sunlight the location receives each day. Based on how much sunlight it receives, Stewart found that his school building was the desired position.
At the suggestion of his science teacher, Debbie Wheeler, Parker first performed an energy audit(测算)of the science lab to see how much energy a typical lab uses per day. Then, he started his research, contacting a local installer of solar panels, Synergy Home, to do the job.
Parker lacked money for launching the project, so he convinced Sayre's head of school to fund him after explaining the benefits of solar power for the school and community. Since Sayre provided the initial seed money to provide supplies and the purchase of one panel, the project has grown to include a total of 30 panels. They are expected to generate enough energy to run all four of the science labs on campus.
"It feels like a dream to think that an idea I had resulted from my AP Environmental class would have this kind of impact," said Stewart, expressing gratitude for Wheeler's help.
Wheeler said the success of the project was due to Parker's efforts and willingness to follow through on the project from start to finish.
“I've had other students talk about environmental initiatives on campus, but Parker had the persistence to make it happen," she said.
1. How did the app help Stewart start his project?A.To find an ideal location. | B.To conduct an energy audit. |
C.To look up specific information. | D.To introduce financial aids. |
A.Sayre School. | B.His parents. |
C.Synergy Home. | D.His community. |
A.The phone app he discovered. |
B.The air pollution in his community. |
C.A suggestion from his science teacher. |
D.An idea from his Environmental class. |
A.His wisdom. | B.His bravery. |
C.His willpower. | D.His independence. |
【推荐3】Long pieces from the outer shell of the coconut (椰子), known as coir (椰子壳粗纤维), are often used with other materials to build barriers. The barriers are used to protect beaches from getting washed away by the force of waves. The coconut material is widely available and costs a lot less than barriers made of other materials, such as wood, steel or concrete. And it is designed to biodegrade (生物降解) or break down, over time.
Some projects create “living shorelines” made from natural elements rather than hard materials. One is being built along part of an eroded (被侵蚀的) riverbank in Neptune, New Jersey. The effort has already greatly improved areas that suffered major erosion damage. “We’re always trying to reduce wave energy while protecting the shoreline,” said Tim Dillingham, the group’s director. “And whenever we can, we like to employ nature-based solutions.”
Another project is happening in Boston. That is where Julia Hopkins, an assistant pro-fessor at Northeastern University, is using coir, wood chips and other materials to create floating barriers to slow the force of waves. Hopkins is pleased with the results. She says the coconut material is not costly and is actually being recycled rather than being thrown away.
Two projects in East Providence, Rhode Island, used coconut material in 2020. The next year,731 meters of damaged shoreline in New York’s Jamaica Bay were treated through a project that also included coconut coir material. Similar projects have been carried out in the states of Delaware and Texas.
The method doesn’t always work, however. In 2016, the Felix Neck Wildlife Refuge in Edgartown, Massachusetts, built barriers around a salt marsh that had eroded in the past. While the effort did help reduce erosion for a while, the material did not last long because of strong waves.
Suzan Bellincampi is the refuge’s director. “The project is really interesting in terms of what we want to do and how we adapt it,” she said. “It’s not for every site. It works in some places; it doesn’t work in all places.”
1. What can be known about the coconut material?A.It can last longer. |
B.It is eco-friendly. |
C.It is harder and stronger. |
D.It can reduce production time. |
A.The one in Boston. | B.The one in Neptune. |
C.The one in Edgartown. | D.The one in East Providence. |
A.Objective. | B.Doubtful. |
C.Unconcerned. | D.Disapproving. |
A.A new material—coir |
B.A new threat—beach erosion |
C.Shorelines are taking on a new look |
D.Material from coconuts helps protect coastal areas |
【推荐1】There’re plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables available in local markets. But while those red juicy strawberries look fresh, consumers have no way of knowing how long the fruit can be stored at home. The same goes for distribution centers and supermarkets.
Now, the food technology startup OneThird, located in the Netherlands, is looking to change that with an infrared (红外线) scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last. The startup is named OneThird because one-third of food is wasted due to spoilage (变质) every year.
The startup’s founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food. “I looked at the challenges in the food-supply chain and found out that 40 percent of food waste is fresh produce. One of the biggest causes of waste is that nobody knows shelf life.” founder and CEO of OneThird, Marco Snikkers said.
Quality inspections at farms and distribution centers are done manually (手动地). An inspector checks the fruits and vegetables and makes notes about the size and quality. Then the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or how long the produce will remain usable.
Using the infrared scanner at the distribution center means that inspectors can use the information to approve shipments that will ensure the produce can be distributed on a timely basis. This means that a shipment of rip e tomatoes will not be sent long distances away.
OneThird’s scanner combines the technology of optical scanners, image modeling, and Artificial Intelligence to provide accurate shelf-life predictions.
The startup found that the technology can reduce up to 25 percent produce waste that was caused by spoilage. “Global food waste has an enormous environmental impact; reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security,” said Jacob Smith, a climate expert from the University of Maine.
1. What problem does OneThird aim to solve?A.The high cost of storing fresh fruits and vegetables. |
B.Inefficient quality inspections at distribution centers. |
C.Food waste caused by uncertainty about its shelf life. |
D.Consumers’ difficulty judging the freshness of produce. |
A.The use of the device in another field. | B.Observation of the food-supply chain. |
C.Consumer demands for fresher produce. | D.Experts’advice on food waste reduction. |
A.They are time-consuming and costly. | B.They are not performed at a regular time. |
C.The inspectors tend to make wrong judgement. | D.The shipping time is not taken into consideration. |
A.Approving. | B.Doubtful. | C.Tolerant. | D.Dismissive. |
【推荐2】Gold Coast family holidays are always great fun whether you are from Australia or from abroad.There are beautiful beaches,adventure parks,nature parks and so much more.
There are so many sights to see here.It is a pity to drive in a car and you’ll miss a great part of it.Australia is home to many animals and birds that can only be seen when moving slowly and going into the areas that they live.
When you are on a bicycle,you have the advantage of being able to stop whenever you want to see an interesting animal or bird that you have never seen before.It is a quieter mode(方式) of transportation as well,so you might even be able to take a picture.When you are on the beach,you can breathe that clean air and view the beauty of the water and sand.It is a totally different experience from either simply sunbathing or passing it in a car.
There are many choices of hiring a bicycle to experience the Gold Coast attractions.There are stores that will fit a bike perfectly to your size.These bikes for both adults and children are in many styles and colors to please any taste.If you have ever wanted to try a tandem bike(双人单车),now is your chance,because they have those too.
A bicycle hire on Gold Coast is something that everyone should try at least once.This is a wonderful chance for anyone who likes to cycle and it is also a cheap way to travel with your family.
1. Driving in a car on Gold Coast is not suggested because .A.you will break the traffic rules |
B.you can’t drive into some parks |
C.you will cause much noise |
D.you can’t enjoy the beautiful scenery well |
A.you can get a clearer sight of animals |
B.it is a cheap way of travelling |
C.it is a good way to do sunbathing |
D.you can take photos of animals |
A.How to hire bikes on Gold Coast. |
B.Who can hire bikes on Gold Coast. |
C.What bikes are the most popular. |
D.What kinds of bikes there are in stores. |
A.He doesn’t like this way of travelling. |
B.He thinks it is a personal choice. |
C.He supports it very much. |
D.He thinks it is only good for adults. |
【推荐3】Breakfast is food for the brain and for the rest of your body. And downing those morning calories is worth it, even for people worried about their weight, a new study finds.
The study was led by Marlene Schwartz, a psychologists (心理学家) who studies obesity (肥胖). Her group studied some 600 middle-school students. Over three years, students from 12 different schools were asked about their breakfasts. Throughout the study about 34%-44% of all students said that they regularly ate breakfast at home. Up to 17%, or almost one in every six kids, regularly ate breakfast at school. Overall (总的来说), about one in every 10 kids reported eating breakfasts both at home and at school. Eating habits changed somewhat as the kids got older. For example, fifth graders were more likely to regularly eat breakfast at home. But by seventh grade, 22% of the studied kids often skipped breakfast.
Surprisingly, at every age, kids who ate breakfast were less possible to be overweight. This was true even for those who ate breakfast at home and at school. It also found that students who skipped breakfast most often were those most likely to be overweight. These findings may seem puzzling. Yet Schwartz’s team can think of several possible explanations.
Skipping breakfast may set people to be “over-hungry” later in the day, she says. Then someone may eat more food than their body needs. What’s more, not eating regularly in the morning stops our brains and bodies from working properly. It’s very difficult for kids to stay concentrated in class without having breakfast.
But why should eating two breakfasts not lead to weight gain? One explanation may be that school breakfasts are very healthy and controlled in size. Also, most of the double-breakfast eaters are boys. These kids are so active and actively growing up that they need more calories. They often eat twice as much as other people.
1. The example underlined in the second paragraph is meant to tell us ______.A.having breakfast is of no use at all |
B.skipping breakfast is rather harmful to kids’ health |
C.kids will change their eating habits as they grow older |
D.it is important to have breakfast regularly |
A.The study was carried out among middle-school students. |
B.The study was going on for over three years. |
C.Skipping breakfast will possibly lead to weight gain. |
D.We can never eat too much in the morning. |
A.He may put on weight. | B.His brain and body will work well and properly. |
C.He will be in perfect health. | D.He will be absent-minded in class. |
A.Kids who are growing up more actively need more energy. |
B.All the kids should eat more to stay healthy. |
C.Eating two breakfasts will lead to weight gain. |
D.Schools must provide healthy breakfasts. |