Frankenstein, written by Mary Shelley, turned 200 years old in 2018! It has been called the first true work of science fiction and the first English horror novel. The story has been told over and over again—not just in books, but in movies and television shows. To celebrate, New York City’s Morgan Library & Museum had a special exhibit on the writer and the book.
The reason for the success is that Doctor Frankenstein and his creature, the monster, live on in numerous remakes, shows, and even comic books.
Mary Shelley’s classic is one of the most famous horror stories of all time. But Frankenstein is so much more than that. It presents ideas or themes that are still important today. Knowing something about her suffering can help readers have a good knowledge of her work. Shelley wrote the book when she was only 18 years old. And it relates to her own sad life. Her mother died 10 days after she gave birth to her. She knew what it meant to be a child without a mother. It is no surprise that Shelley wrote a story about a motherless creature that is very much alone in the world.
Losing her mother shortly after her birth was only part of her life story. Mary Shelley gave birth to four children, but only one child survived to adulthood.
Around the age of 16, she fell in love with the poet Percy Shelley. The two writers got married in 1816. However, the marriage was short-lived. Her husband died in a sailing accident in 1822. She was still in her twenties when she became a widow. In some ways, it’s not entirely surprising that she ended up with a story about a monster without a mother.
After the publication of Frankenstein, Mary Shelley continued to write. She died on February 1, 1851. Her most important legacy is a monster that is still very much alive today.
1. What do we know about Frankenstein?A.It exists in different forms of art. |
B.It is a romantic fiction. |
C.It is not popular with modern readers. |
D.It has been made into the most interesting science fiction movie. |
A.They were quite creative. | B.They felt lonely. |
C.They had the same character. | D.They behaved badly at home. |
A.To show pity to her. |
B.To introduce her to readers. |
C.To make readers understand her novel better. |
D.To show her difficulty in writing the novel. |
A.Success comes from struggle. |
B.Hardship creates a great person. |
C.Shelley’s experiences contribute to the success of Frankenstein. |
D.Frankenstein came into the market in 2020. |
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【推荐1】There have been many fine films over the past several years about characters struggling with Alzheimer’s disease. But few of them have gone as deeply and frighteningly into the corners of a deteriorating mind as The Father, a powerful new drama built around a spellbinding performance from Anthony Hopkins.
At this point in his long career, Hopkins would seem to have exhausted his ability to surprise us, but his work here is nothing short of astonishing. His character, also named Anthony, is 80 years old and has dementia. At the beginning of the movie, his daughter, Anne — played by Olivia Colman — stops by his London apartment to check on him. Her father's condition has taken a turn for the worse, and his temper has become severe enough to send his latest live in nurse packing. Anthony is stubborn and defiant and insists that he can manage on his own. But that's clearly not the case, given his habit of misplacing his things and his inability to remember names and faces, Anne's included.
As The Father goes on, the more it becomes clear that it's his own mind that's playing tricks on him. What makes the movie so unsettling is the way it wires us directly into his subjective experience, so that the foundations of the story seem to shift at random from scene to scene. A man suddenly appears in the apartment, claiming to be Anne's husband, which is odd, since just a few moments earlier, Anne seemed to be single. Anne goes out shopping for groceries, but when she returns, she's played not by Olivia Colman but by another actress, Olivia Williams. Even the apartment itself begins to shift. You notice puzzling differences-wasn't there a lamp on that hallway table just a moment ago?
The story in The Father may be complicated but it's also heartbreakingly simple: man grows old and loses his memory, and his daughter, after lifetime of love and devotion, must begin the long painful process of saying goodbye. Hopkins shows us Anthony's struggle to keep his sense about him. It's a striking performance-and an impossible one to forget.
1. What does the underlined word “deteriorating” mean in the first paragraph?A.Worsening. | B.Narrowing. | C.Recovering. | D.Improving. |
A.He can take care of himself | B.He drives away the nurses. |
C.He is easy-going and forgetful. | D.He lives with his daughter all the time. |
A.build the dramatic tension in the family. |
B.show off the well-designed story line. |
C.frighten the movie-goers with mysterious plot. |
D.involve the viewers into the disordered memories. |
A.He has run out of his talent. | B.He is not suitable for the role |
C.He masterly plays the old man. | D.He presents an odd performance. |
【推荐2】You do not need to stop creating because you’ve gotten older. Creativity customers as young as 40 have asked me. “Am I too old to create?” I encourage them to imagine what it might be like to reach their 80s after decades of devotion to their chosen art form. How skilled and confident might they be? The following tips will help you say a “yes” to your creativity, even as you accept the realities of aging.
Build your group of like-minded souls, which encourages you and, gives you honest and helpful feedback. Take charge of your health. If you have physical issues, consider them, but continue to create. Change the length and frequency of your work, or move from one art from to another-whatever makes sense for your changing circumstances. Ask yourself why you create. Is it because it fills you with joy and gives you purpose? Really, creating regularly can embed (嵌入) the habit of creating right down into your bones. No period of daily time is too short to stay conn cc ted with your creativity. Keep your current and future projects in your thoughts all day, like background music, which keeps them alive! It also keeps you enthusiastic and brings you back to your creativity after a forced interruption. Finally, don’t lose yourself in comparisons with other artists. You’re on your own path, and it is like no one else’s.
In his 80s, Nova Scotia visual artist Charles Coupar completed 15 pastel still lifes (粉彩静物画) for a personal exhibition and s pet over an hour on his opening night chatting with fans and new admirers. American poet, novelist and journal writer May Sarton continued to write into her 80s. She retained her independence and devotion to creativity until the end, even dictating her journal into a tape recorder after suffering a serious disease Countless other art its, poets, musicians and performers can inspire you to continue taking creative-risks and to build your life’s work.
If you develop it, creativity will remain a brightly burning fame in ide you, calling on you to make something wonderful, though you are in your eighties.
1. Which statement would the author probably agree with?A.Creating has nothing to do with one’s age. |
B.Creativity does not come easy for the aged. |
C.The aged need to restart to develop their creativity. |
D.The aged should face the truth that they lack creativity.ST- |
A.One should find ways to balance health with creating. |
B.One should find a fixed period of time every day to create. |
C.Keeping in step with other artists is the key to making progress. |
D.Creating should be done without other people’s involvement. |
A.Good rest contributes to greater creativity. |
B.Enthusiasm is a form of expression for creativity. |
C.Regular creating can keep your creating habit alive. |
D.It is hard to recover creativity once interrupted. |
A.To encourage the old to break through the age barrier. |
B.To inspire the aged to get famous in at least one field. |
C.To encourage the old to try to defeat the younger generation. |
D.To show the aged have extremely strong creativity as never before. |
【推荐3】The European Union on Monday prohibited (禁止) the use of X-ray body scanners (扫描仪) in European airports, parting ways with the U.S. Transportation Security Administration (TSA), which has used hundreds of the scanners as a way to screen millions of airline passengers for explosives (爆炸物) hidden under clothing.
The European Commission, which enforces common policies of the EU’s member countries, adopted the rule “in order not to risk doing harm to citizens’ health and safety”.
As a PBS News Hour investigation detailed earlier this month, X-ray body scanners use ionizing radiation (电离辐射), a form of energy that has been shown to damage DNA and cause cancer. Although the amount of radiation is extremely low, equal to the radiation a person would receive in a few minutes of flying, several research studies have concluded that a small number of cancer cases would result from scanning hundreds of millions of passengers a year.
European countries will be allowed to use an alternative (可替代的) body scanner relying on radio frequency waves, which have not been linked to cancer. The U.S. TSA has also used hundreds of those machines—known as millimeter-wave scanners—in U.S. airports. But unlike Europe, it has decided to use both types of scanners.
The TSA would not comment specifically on the EU’s decision. But in a statement, TSA spokesman Mike McCarthy said, “As one of our many layers of security, TSA uses the most advanced technology available to provide the best opportunity to detect (探测) dangerous items, such as explosives.” “We strictly test our technology to ensure it meets our high detection and safety standards before it is placed in airports,” he continued, “Since January 2010, advanced imaging technology has detected more than 300 dangerous or illegal items on passengers in U.S. airports nationwide.”
Body scanners have been controversial (有争议的) in the United States since they were first used in prisons in the late 1990s and then in airports for tests after 9·11.
1. Why did the European Union prohibit the use of X-ray scanners in European airports?A.Because they rely on radio frequency waves. |
B.Because they might do harm to passengers. |
C.Because they are not effective in use. |
D.Because their radiation is extremely high. |
A.They won’t risk causing cancer. |
B.They use ionizing radiation. |
C.They are not used in U.S. airports. |
D.They can detect more dangerous items. |
A.The TSA will stop using the X-ray scanners. |
B.The TSA won’t use EU’s alternative scanners. |
C.The X-ray scanners are safe and effective. |
D.The EU’s alternative scanners are not advanced. |
A.The EU and the U.S. have different opinions. |
B.Europe bans X-ray body scanners used at U.S. airports. |
C.Different scanners will be used in America. |
D.Body scanners have been controversial. |
【推荐1】Regarded as one of the English language’s most gifted poets, John Keats wrote poetry that concentrated on imagery, human nature, and philosophy (哲学). Although Keats didn’t receive much formal literary education, his own studies and passion brought him much success. Additionally, his own life situation influenced his poetry greatly.
Growing up as a young boy in London in a lower middle-class family, the young John didn’t attend a private school, but went to a public one. His teachers and his family’s friends regarded him as an optimistic boy who favored playing and fighting much more than minding his studies. After his father’s death in the early 1800s, followed by his mother’s passing due to tuberculosis (肺结核), he began viewing life differently. He wanted to escape the world and did so by reading anything he could get his hands on.
At around the age of 16, the teenage John Keats began studying under a surgeon so that he too might become a doctor. However, his literary appetite had taken too much of his fancy, especially with his addiction to the poetry of Ehmund Spenser. He was able to have his first full poem published in the Examiner in 1816, entitled O Solitude! If I Must With Thee Dwell. Within two months in 1817, Keats had written an entire volume of poetry, but was sharply criticized (批评) by a magazine. However, the negative response didn’t stop his love of rhythm (韵律).
John Keats’ next work was Endymion, which was published in May 1818. The story involves a shepherd who falls in love with the moon goddess and leads him on an adventure of one boy’s hope to overcome the limitations of being human. Following Endymion, however, he tried something more narrative-based (叙事体的) and wrote Isabella. During this time, John Keats began seeing his limitations in poetry due to his own limit in life experiences. He would have to have the “knowledge” associated with his poems. His next work was Hyperion that would attempt to combine all that he learned. However, a bout (发作) with tuberculosis while visiting Italy would keep him from his work and eventually take his life in 1821.
1. John Keats’ attitude towards life changed because of .A.his early education from school | B.the deaths of his parents |
C.Edmund Spenser’s poetry | D.the criticism of a magazine |
A.They read many books. | B.They had a bad childhood. |
C.They died of the same disease. | D.They showed strong interest in poetry. |
A.determined | B.experienced |
C.knowledgeable | D.impatient |
A.Keats received little education at school. |
B.Endymion was about a real love story. |
C.In 1816 Keats spent two months writing a poem. |
D.Keats once had a chance of becoming a doctor. |
Gabriela Mistral devoted much time to diplomatic (外交的) activity, serving as honorary consul (名誉领事) in Madrid, Lisbon, Nice, and Los Angeles. She also served as a representative to the United Nations. In fulfillment of these responsibilities, she visited nearly every major country in Europe and Latin America. She also continued her early literary pursuits.
In 1922 Gabriela Mistral’s first book, Desolation, a collection of poems previously published in newspapers and magazines, was released through the efforts of Federico de Onís, Director of the Hispanic Institute of New York. It reflected personal sorrow.
Two years later her second book, Tenderness, appeared; it contained some of the poems from Desolation and several new ones. Fourteen years passed before the next, Felling, appeared. It was much happier in tone.
Her last book, Wine Press, in 1954, dealt with most of the subjects previously treated but in a different manner. The winning of the Nobel Prize for literature in 1945 did not assuage (减轻) the loss of her nephew. Furthermore, by 1944 she had developed diabetes (糖尿病).
Gabriela Mistral went to the United States for medical aid in 1946, living in various places and, after her appointment to the United Nations, moving to Long Island. It was there that she died of cancer on Jan. 10, 1957.
1. According to Paragraph 1, Gabriela Mistral _____.
A.had a short happy marriage | B.was born in a poor family |
C.was a devoted teacher | D.had a beloved father |
A.retired life | B.achievements |
C.works of literature | D.diplomatic activity |
A.death | B.happiness |
C.teaching life | D.personal suffering |
a. She retired.
b. She developed diabetes.
c. She published her first book.
d. She began instructing in school.
e. She won the Nobel Prize for literature.
A.e-d-c-b-a | B.d-c-a-b-e |
C.d-a-b-e-c | D.e-c-b-d-a |
【推荐3】Norwegian playwright and author Jon Fosse has just been awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature for his “innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable”. The author was announced as the winner in a ceremony at the Swedish Academy in Stockholm on Thursday (5 October), which was also livestreamed on the Internet.
The Swedish Academy credits Fosse as “one of the most widely performed playwrights in the world”, although the 64-year-old originally made his name as a novelist, beginning with Red Black in 1983. He has since written many works of prose and poetry. “His works, covering a variety of genres (体裁), comprises about 40 plays and a wealth of novels, poetry collections, children’s books and translations,” said Olsson, chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature.
Fosse draws inspiration from his rural living environment and personal struggles, which have deeply influenced his unique writing style. Growing up in a small seaside village, Fosse was lost in the beauty of nature and the vastness of the sea, which filled him with a sense of solitude and introspection (内省) that is reflected in his works. Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness, longing, and the search for meaning in life. Additionally, his battles with depression have enabled him to explore the depths of human emotions and despair.
Fosse is the first-ever winner writing in Nynorsk, one of the two official languages of Norwegian, but only used by just 10% of the population. As the Guardian writes, “Many Nynorsk speakers see Fosse ‘as a kind of national hero’ for his defending the language.” Fosse’s recognition on a global stage promotes the visibility and importance of Nynorsk as a written standard. It will attract more attention to Nynorsk literature, inspire and encourage Nynorsk speakers to continue preserving and promoting their linguistic (语言的) heritage.
1. How was the information about Jon Fosse winning the Nobel Prize publicized?A.By sending personal invitations. |
B.Only by means of online livestream. |
C.Through a traditional ceremony and online. |
D.Through an official Nobel Foundation newsletter. |
A.His most popular work is the play Red, Black. |
B.He accomplished various genres of literature works. |
C.Many famous plays are the inspiration for his writing. |
D.His language skills earned him the Nobel Prize in Literature. |
A.He follows mainstream trends in literature. |
B.He only focuses on traditional Norwegian stories. |
C.He draws heavily from other Nobel Prize winners. |
D.He combines his background with artistic technique. |
A.He explains the importance of linguistic diversity. |
B.He has improved the international status of Norway. |
C.He promotes the development and preservation of Nynorsk. |
D.He shapes the basic writing standard of Norwegian literature. |