Since American idol star Taryn Southern started composing music with AI in 2017, musicians all over the world have begun wondering about the implications of AI and modern technology where music production is concerned. Using AI in the creation of music is perceived by some as a helpful tool and by others as almost “the beginning of the end”.
In Taryn’s case, AI software enabled her to communicate melodies and chords that she didn’t know how to put together herself. The end product was therefore a collaborative effort, rather than a piece entirely produced by technology. Taryn’s story has a distinctly positive feel that highlights the advantages of using AI in music production. It can serve as a source of inspiration, and as an ideal jumping-off point should a musician be hit with writer’s block (文思枯竭).Contrary to seeing AI as a tool, some musicians consider it to be hugely detrimental to the music scene. At the moment, because such technology is still so young, the music it’s producing is not necessarily what we want to hear. In short, it’s not of great quality. Those who have produced their own music, or even fans of authentic, artistic music, will also argue that a computer could never imitate the work (and human touch) of a true musician.
Music has been an integral part of the story of humans for ages; in fact, the first known piece of music is believed to be around 3,400 years old. Songs have long been used as a means of communicating messages and folk stories, covering everything from societal ethics to world history. Since many people see music as such an inherently human expression, it is often considered as too precious to impart (赋予) to technology. The thought of a computer generating a “random” piece of music that hasn’t been painstakingly created by an artist is almost seen a sacrilegious (亵渎神圣的).
Regardless of which side of the argument you fall on, it seems likely that the use of AI in music production will only become more frequent. Our modern world is occupied with technological advancements. Instead of shying away from the idea of this bleak future, the best approach to take is one of optimism and curiosity. While there are always bound to be stubborn old-school musicians who refuse to use tech, music producers should consider AI as something to be embraced. AI music software is still very much in its infancy, but with more investors interested in the development and outcomes of such technology, and considering the rapid growth rate of other tech advances in recent years, it’s only a matter of time before AI-produced music is seen as the new norm.
1. What does the word “detrimental” mean in paragraph three?
A.normal | B.influential | C.harmful | D.beneficial |
A.Music produced with AI technology lacks humanness. |
B.Music created with AI technology is easily imitated. |
C.It will decrease humans’ role in music composition. |
D.It will wear out young musicians’ creative inspiration |
A.It cannot be created without pains. | B.It is part of human life. |
C.It cannot be produced at random. | D.It is human specific. |
A.It will continue to arouse the interest of music investors |
B.It has the prospect of becoming the norm in the future. |
C.It will be gradually accepted by old-school musicians. |
D.It may eventually lose its freshness and appeal. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】The story of how Pretty Yende, a black opera singer, reached the peak of her career is an inspirational one. Born in a tiny rural town, South Africa, she had a traditional upbringing. Her most direct link to music was church hymns (圣歌).
Yende says that as a shy child, she never considered a career in music. When her grandmother first invited her to sing in church, she knew how uncomfortable it would be to stand in front of people, but she didn’t want to disappoint her. She overcame her shyness, and it became her first experience of performing in front of massive audiences.
Then one day she saw opera for the first time on TV at the age of 16. “Hearing this music and the power of it sounded like something supernatural.” she recalled. “I remember recording it and imitating it,” she said. “I would play the recording the whole day. My gosh, my family were in trouble, because I wouldn’t stop practicing and shouting. ”
She started to gain popularity in South Africa while still a student at the University of Cape Town, and in 2011, Yende began entering opera competitions. “The very first opera competition that I did was in Vienna, Austria, where I won everything possible,” she remembered. Her career took off internationally in 2013 with public performances across the world.
It has not been all without trouble. She continues to address the question of opera’s white domination, and believes that she can use her fame and talent as an opportunity to break prejudice. “The biggest challenge has always been being the different one in the room,” She remembered. “Sometimes I would enter the rehearsal (排练) room, and what I could see in the room looks like, ‘Why are you here?’ And I would just smile. But once I start making music, all of us in that room agreed that I’m not there by mistake.”
1. What can be learnt from Yende’s church performing experience?A.She loved performing on her first try. |
B.She always wanted to please her family. |
C.It was her dream to pursue a singing career. |
D.She was initially not keen on public singing. |
A.Her grandma’s encouragement. | B.An exposure to opera on TV. |
C.Her success in opera competitions. | D.An experience of singing hymns. |
A.She felt helpless. | B.She behaved confidently. |
C.She laughed about it. | D.She demanded a thorough change. |
A.Capable and cooperative. | B.Humble and sensitive. |
C.Talented and devoted. | D.Knowledgeable and ambitious. |
【推荐2】What are two things that make humans different from animals? One is language and the other is music. It’s true that some animals can sing. However, the songs of animals like birds are very limited. It’s also true that humans, not animals, have developed musical instruments.
Music is a strange thing. It’s clearly different from language. However, people can use music to communicate things—especially their emotions. When music is used with speech in a song, it’s a very powerful form of communication.
If music is truly different from speech, then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain. The scientific study suggests this is true. For example, Vissarion Shebalin, a Russian composer, had a stroke (中风) in 1953. It injured the left side of his brain. He could no longer speak or understand speech. He could, however, still compose music until his death ten years later. On the other hand, sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability, but they can still speak and understand speech.
Why does music have such a strong effect on us physically and emotionally? That’s a harder question to answer. Geoffrey Miller, a researcher at University College, London, thinks that music and love have a strong connection. Music requires special talent, practice and physical ability. That’s some-one’s mate. For example, playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control. You also need a good memory to remember the notes. And playing those notes correctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition. Finally, when a man sings to the woman he loves, it may be a way of showing off.
However, Miller’s theory still doesn’t explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply. For scientists, this is clearly an area that needs further research.
1. Music is considered powerful when it ________.A.is translated into a language. | B.is combined with language in a song. |
C.is sung by some famous musicians. | D.is mixed with the cry of an animal. |
A.The left brain is responsible for musical ability. |
B.Injury to brain has no influence on speaking. |
C.Music and language involve different parts of the brain. |
D.Suffering from stroke results in the loss of musical ability. |
A.Music is closely linked with friendship. | B.Learning music requires an excellent sight. |
C.Various abilities are trained in music learning. | D.Playing a musical instrument helps emotion control. |
A.Culture. | B.Health. | C.Education. | D.History. |
【推荐3】You have probably heard of the Mozart effect. It’s the idea that if children or even babies listen to music composed by Mozart, they will become more intelligent. A quick Internet search reveals (透露) plenty of products to help you in the task. Whatever your age there are CDs and books to help you taste the power of Mozart’s music, but when it comes to scientific evidence that it can make you more clever, the picture is more mixed.
The phrase “the Mozart effect” was made up in 1991, but it was a study described two years later in the journal Nature that sparked (引发) real media and public interest about the idea that listening to classical music somehow improves the brain. It is one of those ideas that sound reasonable. Mozart was undoubtedly a genius himself; his music is complex and there is a hope that if we listen to enough of it, we’ll become more intelligent.
The idea took off, with thousands of parents playing Mozart to their children, and in 1998 Zell Miller, the Governor of the state of Georgia in the US, even asked for money to be set aside in the state budget so that every newborn baby could be sent a CD of classical music. It was not just babies and children who were exposed to Mozart’s music on purpose, even an Italian farmer proudly explained that the cows were played Mozart three times a day to help them to produce better milk.
I’ll leave the debate on the effect on milk yield to farmers, but what about the evidence that listening to Mozart makes people more intelligent? More research was carried out but an analysis of sixteen different studies proved that listening to music does lead to a temporary improvement in the ability to handle shapes mentally, but the benefits are short-lived and it doesn’t make us more intelligent.
1. What can we learn from paragraph 1?A.Mozart composed many musical pieces for children. |
B.Children listening to Mozart will be more intelligent. |
C.There is little scientific evidence to support Mozart effect. |
D.There are few products on the Internet about Mozart’s music. |
A.the idea was accepted by many people | B.people were strongly against the idea |
C.the US government helped support the idea | D.Mozart played an important part in people’s life |
A.people will become more clever if they listen to Mozart’s music again and again |
B.listening to Mozart’s music can bring us benefits constantly |
C.we can get some benefits from listening to Mozart’s music |
D.the author is positive about Mozart’s effect |
A.To Be or Not to Be? | B.What Music Is Beneficial? |
C.What Is the Mozart Effect? | D.Listening to Mozart, Necessary? |
【推荐1】The new radio programme from Self-help expert Glennon Doyle unexpectedly disturbed me. In a session of We Can Do Hard Things, she focuses on boundaries and their importance to our mental happiness. I heartily agree with her, because saying a polite but firm “no” is one of the basics for a happy life. I was, however, interested when she raised the idea that perhaps, as well as learning when to confirm our boundaries, we also need to stretch them. When does a boundary become a cage that locks us away?
Isn’t it always the case that just as you think you’ve got an area of life nailed; somebody comes along to show you that that’s not the case? As I listened, I started to see boundaries that might cause more problems than they were solving.
There was the work boundary that said that unless a project fell exactly into my topics, I wouldn’t take it-which meant that I turned down work that was otherwise interesting and rewarding.
There was the boundary that said I wasn’t to buy anything until I’d reached my savings goal-which resulted in me having to restart my laptop 20 times a day.
And then there was a boundary around relationships that set out exactly how I should be treated and what I wanted in them. Helpful to some extent, it blocked me from allowing someone to express their love for me, even if it wasn’t quite what I had predicted.
Had I been doing boundaries wrong all the time? Did I need to figure them all out again? I’ve spent the past few weeks looking at the boundaries I’ve secretly put in place, and I’ve let myself lower some that have been my protection over the years. Then I’ve come to the conclusion that, when it comes to boundaries, I’m a beginner again, and that’s fine. In fact, being back at the beginning is a blessing because it means there are still lessons to be learned and adventures to be had and that is something for which I can only be grateful.
1. What has really interested the author in Glennon Doyle’s programme?A.The importance of confirming our boundaries. |
B.The benefits of boundaries to our happiness. |
C.The urgency of maintaining our boundaries. |
D.The necessity of reassessing our boundaries. |
A.We should favour savings goals over boundaries. |
B.Boundaries tend to keep us from potential friends |
C.Boundaries are very likely to relieve boredom at work. |
D.We should stick to boundaries despite inconvenience. |
A.Relaxed. | B.Depressed. | C.Pressured. | D.Amused. |
A.Just when you think you’ve got things sorted. | B.Just where you believe there’s no way out |
C.How can we live a life without boundaries? | D.How do we become victims of boundaries? |
【推荐2】There was a time when a trip to the supermarket in the United States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier, “Paper or plastic?” Well, which type of bag would you choose?
While both types of bags have some influence on the environment, it has long been supposed that paper bags are better. They are made from a renewable source, are broken down easily, burn without giving off thick smoke and can be recycled. However, the producing process behind paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones. How can this be true?
Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production. And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times larger. Besides, the influence on forests is very serious. It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags, which happen to be the number of bags used in the United States yearly. In terms of recycling, the idea that paper bags are more environment-friendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded. Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does to recycle paper.
Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones, plastic still seems to be considered as the more harmful of the two by governments. In Ireland, for example, a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags. People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag, and as a result, their use has dropped quickly.
There’s no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags. However, we don’t seem to be doing that at present. That may be because they fall apart quickly. If so, cloth bags are a better choice, but still, their production also has a bad influence on the environment. So what to do? How should we answer the question of “Paper or plastic?” It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question: “What can I do to help the environment?”
1. Why does the author ask the question at the end of paragraph 1?A.To express the author’s doubts. |
B.To tell readers how to save money. |
C.To show the kindness of the cashier. |
D.To introduce the point for discussion to arouse readers’ interest. |
A.need more water to produce | B.require less energy to recycle |
C.have less influence on forests | D.take more time to break down |
A.Shared. | B.Discussed. | C.Given up. | D.Put forward. |
A.Paper or cloth? | B.A new bag or your own one? |
C.Paper or plastic? | D.A small bag or big one? |
【推荐3】Earthquake in Japan. Donald Trump is accused of planting story about actress’s height after she rejected him. Mexico arrests ex-police chief in case of 43 missing students. Do you really need to know all these things?
Three years ago, I began an experiment. I stopped reading all newspapers and magazines. Televisions and radios were rejected. I deleted title news apps from my iPhone. I didn’t touch a single free newspaper and deliberately looked the other way when someone tried to offer me any such reading material. The first weeks were hard. Very hard! I was constantly afraid of missing something. But after a while, I had a new understanding. The result after three years: clearer thoughts, more valuable ideas, better decisions, and much more time. And the best thing? I haven’t missed anything important.
A dozen reasons exist togive news a wide berth. Here are the top three: First, our brain reacts differently to different types of information. Shocking, people-based, fast-changing details all appeal to us. News producers capitalize on this. The result: Everything complex, abstract, and profound(深刻的) must be systematically singled out, even though such stories are much more relevant to our lives and to our understanding of the world. As a result, we walk around with a misrepresented mental map of the risks and threats we actually face.
Second, news is irrelevant. In the past year, you have probably consumed about ten thousand pieces of news. Be very honest: Name one of them, just one that helped you make a better decision-for your life, your career, or your business-compared with not having this piece of news. No one I have asked has been able to name more than two useful news stories—out of ten thousand. News organizations claim that their information gives you a competitive advantage. Too many fall for this. If news really helped people advance, journalists would be at the top of the income pyramid.
Third, news is a waste of time. An average human being spends half a day each week reading about current affairs. This is a huge loss of productivity. Take the 2008 terror attack in Mumbai. Let’s say a billion people viewed the minute-by-minute updates and listened to the chatter of a few “experts” and “commentators.” Thus our conservative calculation: One billion people multiplied by an hour’s distraction equals one billion hours of work stoppage. News wasted around two thousand lives—ten times more than the attack.
I would predict that turning your back on news will benefit you as much as removing any of the other ninety-eight errors we have covered in the pages of this book. Read long background articles and books. Nothing beats books for understanding the world.
1. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Refuse to read news. | B.Select news carefully. |
C.Question news. | D.Help spread news. |
A.represents a competitive advantage | B.offers a mental map of the world |
C.leads to a loss of productivity | D.brings journalists’ income up |
A.To offer tips on choosing news. |
B.To advocate(支持) giving up reading news. |
C.To share experiences on avoiding news. |
D.To criticize media's misleading choice of news. |
【推荐1】Is it possible to make machines think like humans? This is one question in research in the field of Artificial Intelligence, or “AI” To think like a human, it involves feelings, morality, hopes, and dreams. Humans are capable of making decisions by themselves without input from others, and they can learn from experience. In addition, humans are able to create things from their own inspiration for their own pleasure. The question is whether machines can ever really think in all these aspects. The idea of a computer that is all-powerful and can think and make decisions for itself terrifies many people. In some films, AI even decides that all humans must be killed. Many people are also concerned that AI will be used to replace humans.
Yet others are comforted by the thought of AI. Maybe with AI. robots can be made to replace loved ones who have died. Today, the creation of an all-powerful computer capable of human thought is still in progress. We have companion (陪伴) robots, and it is likely that they will grow more important in our lives as time goes by. However, the need for such robots does not seem to be as critical as our need for intelligent machines that can solve problems by learning from their observations and experience.
For example, AI is already being used with great success in Internet search engines and as a personal assistant in our smartphones. It learns from our habits to help us find what we want and like. AI is also used to diagnose (诊断) problems and suggest solutions. Researchers are also experimenting with the use of AI in driverless cars which can sense their surroundings and decide on the best way to reach a destination. It is also being used in education, particularly in online courses. Furthermore, industries that use robots for repetitive or dangerous work often turn to AI to manage these electronic workers. In addition, virtual assistants are also being used in some homes today. In the near future, it is likely that AI will be used to manage smart homes and handle an even greater variety of tasks such as setting out favourite clothes and helping us with our personal grooming (梳妆). The AI of today has already proven its superiority to humans in many areas. Do you think that we can create a robot that thinks like a human or one that is even more intelligent? If so, is there truly a difference between AI and a human?
1. What can we learn from Paragraphs 1 and 2?A.We already have all-powerful computers with the power of human thought. |
B.One day the AI will decide on its own to wipe out humans. |
C.Robots with AI have the potential to replace our loved ones. |
D.In contrast, humans need artificial intelligence machines to help us solve problems rather than companion robots. |
A. AI will eventually be used to manage workers. |
B.AI is often used to manage robots on production lines. |
C.Industrial robots are completely different from electronic workers. |
D.Industrial robots often turn to AI. |
A.Smartphones already have AI technology. |
B. AI technology for driverless cars is already mature. |
C. AI has been being used to mange smart homes. |
D.Artificial intelligence has proved its superiority over humanity in all fields. |
A.Short-sighted. | B.Wait-and-see. | C.Optimistic. | D.Skeptical. |
A. AI Thinks Like Humans | B.AI Robots |
C.AI and Human Beings | D.The Future of AI |
【推荐2】Just by typing a few keywords and waiting a few seconds, a picture comparable to that painted by a human artist appears on screen.
AI art generators have seemingly swept the Chinese Internet. In some paintings created by AI, an elderly man can be shown as a young animated image, and pets can be turned into adorable cartoon girls or boys.
Huang Ge, an illustrator from Shanghai, said that it usually takes him several hours or days to complete one illustration. But with AI art generators, the efficiency is greatly improved. “Also, the generators have many modification (修改) modes, and the picture can be modified directly in the painting software,” he added. Ding Jiao, a comic artist, considers the popularity of AI art generator s reasonable as many people who are not good at drawing can create great works through them.
So is Al painting gradually replacing human painting? In the hot topic “Using a picture to prove that human artists will never be replaced by Al” online, many netizens uploaded their paintings to prove that humans are better than AI. “Though Al technology has developed rapidly, AI cannot fully replace humans. The warmth and inspiration in human creations are irreplaceable,” said Ding Daoshi, an independent analyst.
Another controversial issue is that there is no consensus (共识) of who owns the copyright of AI art. Some users have openly sold their AI paintings and earned money, but it is still a gray area about whether these artworks belong to users, the digital tool developers or even AI.
Ding Daoshi noted that the various sides should get together to debate the issue and come up with some accepted rules as soon as possible because AI is already penetrating deeply into the lives of human beings.
1. Why does the author mention “an elderly man” and “pets” in Paragraph 2?A.To show the popularity of AI art generators. |
B.To illustrate the disadvantage of AI art generators. |
C.To prove the significance of AI art generators. |
D.To present the powerful function of AI art generators. |
A.The efficiency of AI art generators. | B.The benefits of AI art generators. |
C.The popularity of AI art generators. | D.The functions of AI art generators. |
A.Whether human artworks will be replaced by AI artworks. |
B.Who AI artworks will really belong to. |
C.Whether human artists are better than AI art generators. |
D.How AI painting can play a supportive role. |
A.A done deal. | B.A give-and-take attitude. |
C.An ill-defined situation. | D.A hard-to-get game. |
【推荐3】Robots are now not merely the favorite image of science fiction. They are already widely used to perform simple repetitive tasks and in industries where work must be performed in environments hazardous to humans, because it can prevent people from suffering harm or loss. Robots may be equipped with the equivalent (对应物) of human senses such as vision, touch and the ability to sense temperature. Some are even capable of simple decision-making and current robotics research is aimed at inventing robots with a degree of self-sufficiency.
Modern robots are like very young children who are just learning to walk. It’s fun to watch them fall over, but deep down we know that if we laugh too hard, they might develop a complex emotion and grow up to start World War II. None of humanity’s creations inspires such a confusing mix of amazement, admiration and fear. We want robots to make our lives easier and safer, yet we can’t quite bring ourselves to trust them. We're crafting them in our own image, yet we are terrified that they’ll replace us.
But that fear is no barrier to the field of robotics. Robots have finally grown smart enough and capable enough to make their way out of factories and labs to walk and roll and even leap among us. You may be worried that a robot is going to steal your job. But you may be more likely to work alongside a robot in the near future than have one replace you. The rapidly developing relationship between humans and robots is so complex that it has started its own field, known as human-robot interaction. The challenge is that it’s easy to adapt robots to get along with humans — but it’s another issue to train humans to get along with machines.
The machines promise to change virtually every aspect of human life, from health care to transportation to work. One thing is clear: The machines have arrived. Now we have to figure out how to handle the responsibility of having invented a new species.
1. What does the underlined word “hazardous” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A.Helpful. | B.Dangerous. | C.Beneficial. | D.Acceptable. |
A.They are not safe to use. | B.They may take away their jobs. |
C.They fail to think themselves. | D.They are unable to do the required work. |
A.How to make robots obey humans. | B.How to have robots live in peace. |
C.How to get humans to live with robots. | D.How to train robots to cooperate effectively. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Indifferent. | C.Pessimistic. | D.Objective. |