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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:81 题号:20119656

Years ago, I interviewed James Patterson, an advertising manager, about the latest campaign. But all he wanted to talk about was fiction-writing. “I hope to be a writer. It is always in my head,” he said.

I remember thinking: Sure, you and everybody else.

A decade or so later, however, I was surprised to see James on TV, holding up his new book.

Mr. Patterson’s ability to see himself as a writer illustrates a concept known as “possible selves.” The term, coined in 1986 by the social psychologists Hazel Markus and Paula Nurius, grew out of research on self-concept. While self-concepts – “I am a kind person” or “I am a good parent”- are rooted in the present, the researchers found people are also informed by ideas about what they might become and how they might change.

These possible selves, both positive and negative, are closely related to motivation. A violin student who envisions life as a professional musician might be motivated to practice. A person whose feared possible self is an alcoholic may become a non-drinker. In a small study, when young adults were encouraged to envision themselves as either regular exercisers (hoped-for selves) or inactive(feared selves), both groups exercised more in the weeks afterward.

A possible self can take you beyond daydreams, which are often not necessarily grounded in reality. It can come to fruition if you build a bridge from your “now” self to the possible self. “If you’re regularly dreaming of a different career, enroll in a course, shadow someone, take up a hobby or a side job. Making the transition requires you to say now, today, this week, these are the steps I can actually take to attain the goal,” said Daphna Oyserman, a psychology professor at the University of Southern California.

But don’t quit your job just yet. An analysis of career-transition research concluded that successful reinventions require adjustments and re-evaluations as you go. Mr. Patterson, for example, wrote almost a dozen books while still at his ad agency; he found his style only after many tries.

1. Why does the author mention the interview?
A.To show his expectation.B.To explain his surprise.
C.To display Patterson’s ability.D.To introduce a concept.
2. What can we learn about the idea of “possible selves”?
A.It involves three aspects.
B.It allows for personal growth.
C.It ensures one a promising future.
D.It includes the idea of self-concept.
3. What does professor Daphna intend to express?
A.The idea of “now”self.
B.The wish for the career transition.
C.The importance of concrete action.
D.The necessity of expert-consulting.
4. What is probably talked about in the following paragraph?
A.Different writing styles.
B.Multiple research methods.
C.Patterson’s success in his advertising business.
D.The exploration and adaptation of job transition.
【知识点】 科普知识 说明文

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【推荐1】When colds or flu attacks, many people treat themselves to the comfort of warm blankets and hot chicken soup. Chicken soup has been shown to be more than just a comfort food, however.

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Thus, when your mother or grandmother tells you to eat chicken soup when you have a cold or flu, go ahead and enjoy it. You will be doing something worthwhile for your body as well as pleasing her.

1. Why are the two Greeks referred to in Paragraph 2?
A.Because Greece has a long food history.
B.Because Greeks like drinking chicken soup.
C.To prove colds and flu spread widely in Greece.
D.To show chicken soup has some medical effects.
2. How can chicken soup have a better treatment on a common cold?
A.Eat it at the right time.B.Choose healthy chicken.
C.Add vegetables into it.D.Take it with cold pills.
3. The author may agree that ________.
A.scientists find that chicken soup can kill cold viruses
B.scientists doubt if chicken soup really helps a cold
C.it takes less money to treat a cold with chicken soup
D.elders tend to appreciate the effects of chicken soup
4. What can be the best title for the text?
A.Chicken Soup Helps to Cure a ColdB.Why Not Eat Chicken Soup Often
C.You May Well Need Chicken SoupD.How to Deal with a Common Cold
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