【推荐2】Bullied (受欺凌的) kids face a high risk of mental health problems as teens and as young adults. Indeed, kids troubled by bullying may be worse off than those who had suffered physical abuse (虐待) or neglect, as the study found.

Until recently, most studies of child victims focused not on bullying but on maltreatment (虐待), Dieter Wolke says. Maltreatment includes physical or emotional abuse, neglect or other behaviors that can harm a child.

Wolke’s team wanted to better understand bullying’s long-term effects compared to those due to maltreatment. They focused on 4,026 children in the United Kingdom and 1,420 more in the United States. Information about bullying and maltreatment was collected for American children to age 13. They collected the same information for British youth up to age 16. The researchers also gathered data on each individuals’ mental health as a young adult.

Among the Americans, 36 percent of bullied kids had mental problems later. Those problems included anxiety, which is a state of excessive worry. They also included depression. That is a feeling of hopelessness that can last a long time. Among kids who had been maltreated by adults, 17 percent later suffered mental health problems. That was less than half the rate seen in people had been bullied as school kids.

In the U.K. group, the difference was less dramatic. Roughly 25 percent of the bullied kids reported mental health problems later, compared with about 17 percent who had been maltreated. But however you look at it, the findings are disturbing. And that’s why Wolke says schools, health services and other agencies must work together to end bullying.

Studies like this are important, says Corinna Jenkins Tucker. They bring attention to the lasting impacts of bullying. Tucker does, however, question the value of comparing bullying to other types of abuse. Such an approach can make it seem like one type of bad experience is worse than the other, she says. In fact, both types have short-term and long-term effects on health. She’d like to see researchers study the big picture. They should try to understand how all of these negative experiences together shape children—and sometimes harm them.

1. What can be interred from the passage?

A．Researchers should pay less attention to maltreatment.

B．More bullied kids have mental problems in the USA.

C．A similar number of children are maltreated in America and Britain.

D．Either bullying or maltreatment has negative effects on children’s health.

2. What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage?

A．To advertise.

B．To inform.

C．To compare.

D．To entertain.

3. Where is the passage taken from?

A．A news section.	B．A science section.
C．A culture section.	D．An entertainment section.

4. What does Tucker think of Wolke’s study?

A．Disappointing.

B．Improvable.

C．Satisfactory.

D．Unreasonable.

【推荐3】Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit; most people don’t even notice that they’re doing it when they sit down. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.

A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason this happens is because the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart, crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart.

Crossing your legs can also lead to neck and back pain. When you sit with your legs crossed, your hips are in a twisted position, which can cause one of your pelvic (骨盆的) bones to rotate. Since your pelvic bone supports your neck and spine, this can cause pressure on your lower and middle back and neck.

You also might notice that when you sit with your legs crossed for long periods of time, your feet and legs get tingly or have the feeling of being asleep. This is because when one leg sits on top of the other, it causes pressure on the veins (血管) and nerves in your legs and feet. It can cause numbness and/or temporary paralysis in the legs, ankles, or feet.

So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.

1. Crossing legs may lead to the following health problems except ________.

A．It can increase your blood pressure

B．It can cause pressure on your lower and middle back and neck

C．It will make your neck and spine twisted

D．It can cause paralysis for the time being

2. Why can crossing your legs increase your blood pressure?

A．Because the blood in your legs has to work against being pumped back to your heart.

B．Because it will prevent the blood circulating.

C．Because crossing legs results in less resistance for the blood to circulate.

D．Because higher blood pressure contributes to pushing the blood back to the heart.

3. What is the purpose of writing this article?

A．To persuade us not to cross our legs any longer.

B．To make us aware of the health problems caused by crossing legs.

C．To tell us the benefits of sitting with our feet on the floor.

D．To show that crossing legs is an extremely common habit.

【推荐1】Visit the New York Botanical Garden

The New York Botanical Garden (NYBG) is an advocate for the plant world. We welcome all to learn about the importance of plants and plant science, and the joy of gardening.

UPCOMING EVENTS

HOLIDAY TRAIN SHOW
November 19 this year - January 16 next year
       The NYBG’s Holiday Train Show - a favorite holiday tradition - has been making memories for over 30 years! See model trains pass through a wonderful display of more than 190 replicas(复制品) of New York landmarks, each re-created from natural materials.
T.H. EVERETT: ALIFE IN PLANTS
January 17 next year - January 22 next year
       Through T.H. Everett’s extensive archive (档案) held by the LuEsther T. Mertz Library, we explore this influential man’s extraordinary career, from his modest beginnings in England and early training at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, to his path to the New York Botanical Garden.
ADMISSION
       All visitors, including members, need tickets for entry to the Garden. Purchase at the Garden or reserve your tickets in advance online and display them on your mobile device for quicker entry.

Pricing	Public	Member
Adult	$15	Free
Senior (65+)	$7	Free
Student (with ID)	$7	Free
Child (2-12)	$4	Free
Child under 2	Free	Free

OPENING TIMES
January: 10:00 a.m. - 4:00p.m.
February - March: 10:00 a.m. - 5:00p.m.
April - September: 10:00a.m. - 6:00p.m.
October: 10:00a.m. - 5:00 p.m.
November - December: 10:00 a.m. - 4:00p.m.
1. What can visitors to the NYBG do on January 17 next year?

A．Create replicas of New York landmarks.

B．Learn about T.H. Everett’s career life.

C．Take a sightseeing train to tour around the NYBG.

D．Watch a show held by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

2. What is the admission fee for an adult member with a 3-year-old non-member?

A．$4.

B．Free.

C．$15.

D．$19.

3. When is the NYBG open to visit?

A．January 10 at 5:00 p.m.	B．October 12 at 6:00 p.m.
C．March 4 at 4:00 p.m.	D．November 5 at 9:00 a.m.

【推荐2】Have you ever dreamed of having a fashionable watch of great value?

A small watchmaker in Switzerland in 1922 designed the first automatic watch to show day, month, and date. Only seven of these splendid watches were ever made and these watches were almost lost to history. Today, it is so hard to get an original watch that some watch historians are even willing to offer $ 200,000 for one.

These watches attracted a lot of people for their splendid color, fashionable style, and uses in the 1920s.The owners of the watches were admired and set apart from the crowd. Because the number of the original watches is very limited, owning such a watch will make you feel very special.

Today, you are offered the same kind of watch with improvement. It has a 24-jet mechanical movement, the kind desired by watch collectors. The watchmaker has made movement of the watch much more modern with an automatic rotor (上弦装置) so that the watch never needs to be wound by hand. The watch comes in a very beautiful case with a crocodile design on it. To get a watch in such a perfect design means to get a chance to know a piece watch-making history and to wear such a watch will show your personal taste and social position.

You can get the watch either in person or by mail at an affordable price. You will also receive good service from the watch seller. If you are not satisfied with the watch after you get it, you simply return it within 30 days. Don’t miss the chance to realize your dream.

1. The original automatic watches are valuable because________.

A．the watches were made many years ago

B．the watches were made by a Swiss watchmaker

C．only rich people can afford the watches

D．only a few watches of the kind were made

2. Watch collectors want to get the improved watch, especially for its________.

A．mechanical movement	B．splendid color
C．fashionable style	D．new uses

3. The purpose of the passage is to encourage the readers to________.

A．buy the watch	B．return the watch
C．wear the watch	D．receive the service