There are different regional accents across the UK, and a number of regions have several different dialects-that is, they have their own unique vocabulary and grammatical phrases. There are many different accents native to London, because it is not just where a person is born in the UK that decides their accent. Language and accents also differ across class and level of education. Therefore, the recent rise of a new accent coined at the end of the 20th century, “Multicultural London English.” Other factors are also important in the invention of new accents and ways of speaking. These include the influence of people from different racial(种族的) backgrounds and different age groups, too.
The word “yoof’ is a slang spelling of “youth”. Some people consider “yoof” to be a negative term, since its pronunciation is easier and lazier than youth. Other people see the term as positive, because it describes how young people are creating their own language, concepts and identity. By using words that their parents don’t understand, children can talk about things that their parents might not agree with. In this way, young people are starting to find freedom, independence and self-expression. They are creating a “yoof culture”. A few features(特点)of the yoof style of language are as follows:
· instead of “think”, “the”, “that”, “what” and “because”, yoof will say “fink”, “da”, “dat”, “wot” and “coz”.
· instead of using a variety of tag questions like “., isn’t it?” or “... don’t they?”, yoof will use the all-purpose “innit” (e.g. “It’s hot, innit! ”or “You can dance really well, innit!”)
· instead of “I don’t care!”, yoof will say “Whatever!”.
Certain groups of society feel threatened by “yoof culture” or by the British working classes having more social freedom. As a result, a negative term now commonly used in the UK is “chav”.It is an insult(辱骂)and is meant to describe someone who is uneducated and anti-social (e.g. “He’s a chav!” ). A young person who wears a jacket with a hood-after all, it is often cold and rains a lot in the UK-is sometimes called a ‘hoodie’. It is a negative term again and suggests that the young person is interested in committing a crime(犯罪).
Learners of English often feel that the best test of their English is how well they can talk to a native speaker, but perhaps they should worry less about this. In fact, when we think about ‘international English’, there is no such thing as a native or non-native speaker. The UK no longer owns the English language.
1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor in the invention of new accents?| A．Class. | B．Race. | C．Age. | D．Family. |
| A．The word “yoof”. | B．Other people’s attitude. |
| C．The pronunciation of “yoof’. | D．Multicultural London English. |
| A．They are only used online. |
| B．They are simple but easy to understand. |
| C．They are usually an incomplete list of words. |
| D．They are short but have complete grammar structure. |
| A．Young people are more likely to commit a crime. |
| B．Yoof culture has a bad influence on young people. |
| C．Certain groups have negative ideas of the yoof culture. |
| D．Different people have different attitudes towards yoof culture. |
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【推荐1】On the third Sunday in June, Americans take time to recognize and thank a special person in the family—fathers! Father’s Day celebrates the importance of fathers, young and old and the men thought of as father figures.
The words "the child is father of the man" come from William Wordsworth’s poem My Heart Leaps Up. It means people’s personalities form when they are children. They will most likely have the same qualities as an adult that they had as a child.
Used in everyday speech, one could say, "In his case, the child was father of the man; he loved nature as a child and now works as a botanist(植物学家)".
Let’s say you want to tell a child a story about something that happened long before they were born. You could say it happened when they “were just a twinkle in their father's eyes.” This expression has a humorous and dreamy feel. Here, the word “twinkle” suggests the interest your father had in your mother.
When a much older man is interested in a much younger woman and supports her with his money, he is called her “sugar daddy.” The money part is very important-that's the sugar.
Sometimes fathers are not a good influence or active in the lives of the children. In that case, a person may look for a father figure, a man who is not actually the person's father but who acts like one.
The relationship between a man and his son can be complex. But the relationship between a father and daughter is often simpler. The expression “daddy’s little girl” is understood to mean that, in a father’s eyes, his daughter can do no wrong.
There is usually not a dry eye at any wedding during the traditional father-and-daughter dance, especially if they are dancing to a song like Michael Buble’s “Daddy's Little Girl.”
1. If a boy behaves just like his father, we can say ________.| A．he is just a twinkle in his father’s eyes |
| B．he is his sugar daddy |
| C．like father, like son |
| D．the child is father of the man |
| A．A child is often spoiled by his father. |
| B．People’s characters are formed when young. |
| C．A boy will become a father when growing up. |
| D．A child always shows his true nature. |
| A．moving |
| B．sorrowful |
| C．crazy |
| D．funny |
| A．introduce the origin of Father’s Day |
| B．show a boy should respect his father |
| C．explain the importance of fathers |
| D．tell people several expressions about father |
【推荐2】Slang is a popular, less official and often very current form of language. It is an important part of a living language and is constantly changing as language changes. Slang is often playful, direct and sometimes less respectful than the more official and traditional version of language. So now I'm going to lay it on you! To “lay it on” is American slang for “to tell” or “to explain.”
Slang can take many forms. For example, slang can be local to one city or area. In Washington, D.C. there is a whole set of slang to describe politics and business in the city. For example, the term POTUS stands for President of the United States. POTUS can often be found with his wife, FLOTUS, the first lady of the United States. “Inside the Beltway” is a popular expression that describes the area of Washington, D.C. The beltway is the large highway that circles the city.
The Internet has helped create a whole new kind of computer-related slang. An “angry fruit salad” is an expression that describes a website with too many bright colors. “Netiquette” is slang for correct behavior when using the Internet.
Young people often develop the latest slang. For example, to say Special English “rocks” or is “phat” means Special English is really great. A “kegger” is a party where beer is served. If something is “wack”, it is wild and crazy.
Different professions often have their own slang as well. For example, medical workers might refer to a complaining patient as a “gomer”. A “tough stick” is someone whose veins are difficult to find when he or she needs to have blood taken.
No matter how well you speak English, there are always new and interesting slang words to discover. There are entire dictionaries for describing slang. Many experts do not even agree on what is and what is not slang. Often slang words later become a part of officially accepted language. Official or not, slang is an energetic and exciting part of the American language that continues to change.
1. Which of the following is NOT true for slang compared with the official language?| A．Playful. | B．Direct. |
| C．Less respectful. | D．More official. |
| A．if you speak English very well, there is no problem for you to understand English speakers |
| B．slang words are created by people in their daily life |
| C．English speakers are clear whether it is a slang |
| D．slang words will never be accepted as official language |
| A．The internet. | B．Young people. |
| C．President of the United States. | D．Professions. |
| A．What is slang? | B．Slang is popular. |
| C．Who creates slang? | D．Slang is a language. |
【推荐3】Some English words are made up of the same part and have different beginnings or different endings, such as import, export, report and transport. All these words, you can see, have the same “port” which comes from the Latin word, meaning “to carry” or “to move” from one place to another. And according to the bit at the beginning, which we call the prefix the meaning changes. “Import” means “to carry in” or “to bring into a country”; “export”, “ex” means “out of”, so this word means “to carry out of the country”; “re” means “back”, so the “report” means “to tell somebody, to bring back information to somebody”; “transport”, “trans” means “across” and it means “to carry across from one place to another”.
Let's look at the following words: supporter, reporter, importer and exporter. You can see that in this case these words are nouns which are made up of the verbs plus a suffix, thus meaning a person who completes the verb. So supporter means somebody who supports. A reporter is somebody who reports. Importer is somebody who imports and exporter is somebody who exports, and so on.
1. In the first sentence the underlined word “part” means ________.| A．different beginnings or different endings |
| B．the same part that has several meanings |
| C．the root of the word |
| D．the same root that has different meanings |
| A．the meaning of a Latin word |
| B．a different meaning |
| C．the meaning of “in” or “out of” |
| D．the same meaning |
| A．just by adding “er” to verbs | B．by changing a prefix |
| C．only by adding “er” to a root | D．by adding a suffix to a verb |
【推荐1】An 18yearold girl Anna Meier from Austria is taking her parents to court for posting over 500 photos of her on Facebook since 2009，without her permission.
Anna has apparently become fed up with her parents’ refusal to take down the embarrassing photos of her at an early age，and is now seeking justice in court.She told the magazine that even though she was 11 years old when her parents started sharing her photos with several hundreds of Facebook friends，they went as far as to post pictures of her as a baby，without ever asking if it was alright with her.“They knew no shame and no limit and didn’t care whether it was a picture of me sitting on the toilet or lying naked in my bed—every stage was photographed and then made public，”the girl said.
The girl added that she was only able to see the photos posted on Facebook by her parents when she was 14，after setting up her own account on it.Again and again，Anna asked her parents to remove the photos of her immediately，but they refused.Angry and upset，she felt that she had no other way but to take them to court，which she did as soon as she turned 18，this year.“I’m tired of not being taken seriously by my parents，”she said.
Anna’s lawyer claims they have a good chance of winning the case in court，if it can be proven that the images have violated her rights to a personal life.But，based on similar cases and according to Austrian privacy laws，if the parents lose，they may be forced to pay their daughter a fine of 3,000 to 10,000.
But Anna’s parents，however，see nothing wrong with posting baby photos of her.“I consider it my right to publish these photos，”her father said.“We have posted no more photos of our daughter since she stopped allowing us to photograph her.We also have baby photos of her that can only be seen by a limited group of 700 Facebook friends.”
It’s reported that Anna has moved out of her parents’ home and is living with some girl friends in a rented apartment.
1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？| A．Anna started to ask her parents to remove 500 photos at 11. |
| B．Around 700 of her parents’Facebook friends shared the pictures. |
| C．Alma’s parents felt shameless for what they had done on Facebook. |
| D．Anna’s parents started to post her pictures on Facebook when she was 14. |
| A．The pictures of her sitting on the toilet. |
| B．Her parents’ attitude towards her request. |
| C．The hate for her parents since early childhood. |
| D．The comments of her parents’ Facebook friends. |
| A．The girl will surely win the case in court. |
| B．The girl and her parents have made peace. |
| C．The girl has a tense relationship with her parents. |
| D．The author supports the girl accusing her parents. |
【推荐2】These days, people who do manual (体力的) work often receive far more money than people who work in offices. People who work in offices are frequently referred to as “white-collar workers” for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the honor of becoming white-collar workers. This can lead to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.
When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation. Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls (工作服) and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. Before returning home at night, he took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret. Alf’s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status (身份；地位) is well worth the loss of money. From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him ‘Mr. Bloggs’, not ‘Alf’.
1. What does the case of Alfred Bloggs show?| A．That people often care more about the status of a job than the income. |
| B．That “white-collar workers” usually wear a suit to go to work. |
| C．That manual workers prefer to keep their jobs a secret. |
| D．That office workers earn less than manual workers. |
| A．He told his wife he worked for the Corporation, when in fact he did not. |
| B．He dressed himself as a dustman before leaving home every morning. |
| C．He lied to his wife about his job. |
| D．He earned twice as much as a white-collar worker. |
| A．He feels it is a pity because he now earns less than before. |
| B．He thinks it is worthwhile for his rise in status. |
| C．He is proud because he earns much more than before. |
| D．He is satisfied because he no longer needs a shower before returning home. |
| A．The Double Life of Alfred Bloggs. |
| B．Money or Status, Which Comes First? |
| C．The Story of Alfred Bloggs, a Dustman. |
| D．Truth Will Come to Light Sooner or Later. |
【推荐3】Smart phones are greatly changing the way we walk down the street. Office workers and young people are walking like the old as they check emails and messages.
Scientists have found mobile phones make us walk more slowly, with modest steps, to avoid falling over. The leader of the study said the walk is just like someone in their eighties. Researchers found people writing a text message walk more than twice as slowly as those without a phone, finding it harder to stay in a straight line.
The scientists examined 252 people walking while reading a text message, writing one, speaking on their phones or without their phones at all. Writing a text is the hardest activity, causing people to look down at their phone 46 percent more, and 45 percent longer, than when reading a message. This led people to walk 118 per cent more slowly than when they were without their phones. People walked almost a third more slowly while reading a text and 19 per cent while talking on the phone.
Smart phones were found to stop people from walking in a straight line, putting them at greater risk of running into other people, cars or street lamps. This increased the need to slow down and take more careful steps.
John Timmis said the idea for this study came from following someone walking down the street in the afternoon, who was walking as if he had had several drinks. I thought it was a bit early for that, then walked up alongside him and saw that he was on his phone. Simply being on the phone changes the way people walk.
1. What does the underlined word “modest” mean in the second paragraph?| A．Young. | B．Straight. |
| C．Low. | D．Small. |
| A．Those not carrying phones. |
| B．Those writing a text message. |
| C．Those reading a text message. |
| D．Those speaking on their phones. |
| A．The need to walk straight. |
| B．The desire to use their phones. |
| C．The chance of possible accidents. |
| D．The traffic jams during rush hours. |
| A．Seeing office workers walking like the elderly. |
| B．Seeing people walking in the street hurriedly. |
| C．Watching young people who were walking normally. |
| D．watching a person who was walking in the street in a strange way . |
【推荐1】The following are some of the most unique celebrations from all around the world.
Songkran—Thailand
If you’re in Thailand between April 13th and 15th, get ready for the world’s biggest water fight. The celebration marks the beginning of the Thai New Year, where cleansing with water is meant to purify and renew. In Bangkok or Chang Mai, the water fights can last up to six days. While this is the most popular activity, Songkran is also a time when people visit elders and monks to pay their respects to the New Year.
La Batalla del Vino—Haro, Spain
June 29th is a good day to visit Haro, Spain. Bring a bottle of red wine and prepare to be drenched (湿透) in red wine in the heart of Spain’s grape-growing region. After a church ceremony, a large number of people get gathered for the battle, where white shirts will be made bright purple by the end of the day.
Bay to Breakers—San Francisco, California
Created after the terrible 1906 earthquake as a way of lifting people’s spirits, the race has become one of the region’s most important events. Hosted every year on the third Sunday of May, the race runs approximately 12km through the city. The real highlight, however, is the thousands of people dressed up in a show. Wear whatever you want: Batman suits, purple wigs (假发)...
Koninginnedag—The Netherlands
Although their Queen’s birthday is actually during the winter, she celebrates it on April 30—the country’s official “Queen’s Day” since 1949. Orange is the national color, and the streets become a sea of shining wigs and body paints, as crowds gather in the squares. Amsterdam is the center of this outdoor party, but nearly every town is alive with orange on this day.
1. If a tourist enjoys water sports most, we can recommend _____________.| A．Songkran | B．La Batalla del Vino |
| C．Bay to Breakers | D．Koninginnedag |
| A．The race began hundreds of years ago. |
| B．The most exciting part is the 12km race. |
| C．It’s celebrated by people all over the country. |
| D．It was to encourage people after the disaster. |
| A．people should wear formal clothes |
| B．people should get together at home |
| C．people attend the church ceremony |
| D．people can paint themselves orange |
【推荐2】Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity (圈养).
Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: “Obviously we’re all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. She’s healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job. It’s still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.”
The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.
According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status.
1. Which of the following best describes the breeding programme?| A．Costly. |
| B．Controversial. |
| C．Ambitious. |
| D．Successful. |
| A．The rhino section will be open to the public. |
| B．It aims to control the number of the animals. |
| C．It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund. |
| D．Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas. |
【推荐3】In 2019, Tan Zhouhai was a villager in Hunan Province , shooting short videos of his everyday life and uploading(上传) them to the Internet to attract potential customers for farm products.
Tan was used to his videos receiving dozens, sometimes a few hundred, likes from his audience on Chinese social media such as Douyin. That changed when he uploaded a video of his 83-year-old grandfather who was dancing along to a popular song called Little Apple gained 10,000 likes.
Inspired by this unexpected success, Tan asked his grandfather to perform often so that we could see the 30-year-old cooking for the elderly man, who has lost all his teeth, wearing a pair of round sunglasses for added comic effect. The account now has 1.6 million fans and has received at least 3 million likes.
"Before my grandfather joined me, my account（账户） was just an ordinary one about food and was unnoticed on the internet," Tan told the South China Morning Post. "After my grandfather joined, many of my fans have said they were touched. They said they liked my grandfather and think he is so cute."
The country's top two short video apps Douyin and Kuaishou each have more than 400 million monthly active users. More than 70 percent are younger than 35. Tan's grandfather is just one of a number of elderly people.
One online favourites include a 79-year-old woman known as Granny Wang Who Only Wears High-heeled Shoes and Yaoyang's Grandfather, an 80-year-old man who shares humorous stories of his everyday life in the dialect of northeastern China. They have 16 million and 13 million subscribers（订阅）, respectively.
Chen Duan, a data economy expert from Central University of Finance and Economics in Beijing, said developments in technology had made it easier for elderly people to use digital tools, leading to more of them becoming fans and bloggers of short videos.
"Not every old person can be popular on the internet. It depends on their media sense, their feel in front of the camera and their acting skills," Chen said.
1. What does the underlined word "perform" in Paragraph 3 mean?| A．To make an audience happy by acting, singing or dancing |
| B．To do something such as a piece of work, task or duty |
| C．To move data to a large computer system |
| D．To become annoyed |
| A．His grandfather is very cute |
| B．His videos moved his fans after his grandfather joined him,and he changed the content. |
| C．He saw the video, we showed a dancing old man who has lost all his teeth wearing a pair of round sunglasses for added comic effect. |
| D．His grandfather joined him. |
| A．Every old man can become popular online. |
| B．Tan was not popular before his grandfather took part |
| C．Most of active users in Douyin are young man. |
| D．Development in technology changed old people's life. |
| A．Elderly video stars in China |
| B．The young help the old become popular online |
| C．How to become popular on the Internet |
| D．Not every old person can be popular online |
