In America, seldom do you go anywhere without hearing a principle called WIN-WIN. It sounds strange to me at first because throughout my childhood, I have always been taught to try everything possible to win an upper-hand, rather than to help other people win. However, as time goes by, I have gradually understood the essence (真谛) of WIN-WIN principle — it is the attitude of seeking mutual benefits.
When I was little, I used to play Chinese checkers (跳棋) which includes two basic tactics: One is to create paths for yourself; the other is to block the passages of your rival. Players may apply these two totally different approaches in the game, but the key for the player to win is to continuously create paths for him even if his opponent may take advantage of it. Finally he can always reach the destination a few steps ahead of the other player. Meanwhile, some player may take another approach to prevent his opponent from moving forward at all costs. In this way, he may get a short-term benefit, but couldn’t fix attention on the final goal. Thus, he would never truly develop further.
In the 1990s, a strategy called WIN-WIN became widespread in the western world. Its core is to achieve your objective while giving other people some benefits, so there is no real loser. One example of applying the WIN-WIN principle is the voluntary system in the US. Most Americans advocate the spirit of social service and voluntary contribution. In the US, schools and children organizations usually encourage and support kids to be engaged in community service so that the voluntary spirit can be enrooted in their minds from childhood. Moreover, a crucial standard for universities to judge new students is whether they have worked for the community or not.
In China, it’s quite usual that some people are too selfish and never take people’s interests into consideration, while someone who really has courage to do something for the public is often called “foolish” or “stupid”. Actually helping other people can be of great delight for the helper, for he can also learn something crucial for his life such as sympathy, care, devotion, etc. So only if you take other people’s interests into earnest consideration can you assure your own gain.
1. The purpose of the author in writing the passage is _______.A.to tell us the cultural differences between China and the US |
B.to tell us the different educational systems in the US and China |
C.to tell us the importance and meaning of WIN-WIN |
D.to show that WIN-WIN is popular in the US and China |
A.prevents his opponent from moving forward at all costs |
B.creates the passages for his rival over and over |
C.continuously creates paths for both himself and his rival |
D.blocks the passages of his rival all the time |
A.Criticism. | B.Encouragement. | C.Disagreement. | D.Doubt. |
A.WIN-WIN: Thinking for Others |
B.WIN-WIN: Reaching Your Goals |
C.WIN-WIN: Defeating Your Rivals |
D.WIN-WIN: Gaining Mutual Benefits |
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【推荐1】After my family got comfortably settled in Hotel Ramada in Bangkok, we started exploring the city. After endless hours of shopping, it was finally time to go back.
This was when the trouble started. We forgot there are two Ramada hotels in the opposite directions. Absolutely unaware of this, we started searching for the way back. Google maps suggested us the shortest route which was just 20 minutes away by walk
Bangkok felt different after sunset. Walking along the heavily-crowded roads with the dark-red sky felt beautiful. Lost in our talk, we didn’t realize that we passed onto the quieter part of the town.
Sometimes when things don’t go according to plan, I think about the stranger we met on the streets and how a tiny mistake on our part led to unexpected results.
A.That was when our hero arrived. |
B.Our thankfulness knew no bounds. |
C.We reached a completely different Hotel Ramada. |
D.We set off into the city with little research on transport. |
E.We decided not to waste our money but our time instead. |
F.The trip rings as a reminder that every cloud has a silver lining. |
G.He then informed us that our hotel was just a few blocks away. |
【推荐2】Some time ago, in my class I was about to fail a student for his answer to a physics question when the student claimed he deserved a better score. The examination question sounded “safe”.
“Show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer(压表).” The student had answered: “Take the barometer to the top of the building, attach a long rope to it, lower the barometer to the street, and then bring it up, measuring the length of the rope. The length of the rope is the height of the building.”
I argued that a high grade should prove his competence in physics, but the answer did not confirm this. I suggested that the student have another try. Immediately, he worked out his answer: A second best way is to take the barometer to the top of the building. Drop the barometer, timing its fall with a stopwatch. Then, using the formula to calculate the height of the building.
I was shocked by his answer. His method gave me not only a broken barometer but a U-turn in my teaching philosophy. I gave him full marks.
On his leaving my office, I recalled that he suggested there could be a better answer. So I asked him what it was. “Oh, yes,” said the student, “There are many ways. Probably the best,” he said, “is to take the barometer to the basement and ask the superintendent (楼管). You speak to him as follows: Mr.Superintendent, here I have a fine barometer. If you tell me the height of this building, I will give it to you.
At this point, I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question. He admitted that he did, but said that he was fed up with high school instructors’ trying to teach him how to think, and to use the so-called “scientific method”. He just wanted to solve the problem in a practical manner, not just answer the question in an expected way. Hearing this, I really had nothing to do but give the boy a firm handshake, feeling thankful that I hadn’t failed him in the first place and even more thankful, neither had he.
1. Why did the author want to fail the student in the first place?A.The student challenged his authority. |
B.The student’s answer was not practical. |
C.The student didn’t show his academic ability. |
D.The student had a poor performance in physics class. |
A.Without love, there is no education. |
B.A man becomes learned by asking questions. |
C.Teaching is to make two ideas grow where only one grew before. |
D.You can lead your horse to the river, but you can’t make it drink. |
A.Lack of physics-related knowledge. |
B.Ignorance of the teacher’s expectation. |
C.Intention to deeply impress his teacher. |
D.Disapproval of existing teaching concepts. |
A.The superintendent was a greedy person. |
B.School education restricted this student’s thinking. |
C.The teacher appreciated the student’s answers finally. |
D.The examination question is a lough physics problem. |
【推荐3】Things work out best for those who make the best of how things work out.
——John Wooden
Things aren’t always going to work out as you planned.
Say you just got laid off. One reaction is to curse the economy and sink into a depression.
This isn’t to say that trying to make the best out of how things turn out will always result in the best outcome but at least you’ll have some control over your situation.
A.The important thing is to get started. |
B.The fact is, bad times falls on all of us. |
C.You could also start looking for another job. |
D.Some things worked and many things didn’t. |
E.The other would be to fill your days with meaningless tasks. |
F.Very few people who have the life they want got it by sitting around. |
G.You’ll have periods when it seems like things are constantly going wrong. |
【推荐1】For our official holidays, like the National Holiday, many people'd like to go on a visit to some places of interest. Yesterday our class had a heated discussion about whether we should travel during holidays. One man's meat is another man's poison.
Some students are for it. They think visitors can enjoy a good variety of scenery. Facing glorious(壮丽的) tourist attractions, travelers may well broaden their eyes. At the same time, they can keep fit by walking on foot, and taste different delicious food that they can't get in their own hometowns. What's more, travelling can make a contribution to our economy development, mainly to the local economy development. Most travelers need to buy tickets to go to their destinations, thus traffic department will earn money. Travelers also need to sleep and eat, thus local hotels and restaurants also share benefits. Paying admission(门票费) benefits local governments. As for native farmers, they can benefit from selling local specialities to many travelers. In this case, money circulation(货币流通) is speeded up.
On the other hand, other students are against it. They believe it's a waste of money. Some famous places of interest are too crowded, while those smaller ones are not worth visiting. Travelling may cause traffic jams here and there. What's worse, due to travelling here and there, there exist some accidents on the road. Besides, it's known that travelling can also pollute the local environment. In order to reduce air and waste pollution, people should have a rest to the full, reading books or watching TV at home. Recently, many have been afraid of being infected with COVID-19 in particular.
As far as I am concerned, travelling is a good choice to spend holidays. And the government should take some measures to solve the existing problems. More policemen should be on duty to deal with accidents in time. Can we make a small change to the period when people don't have to go to work in some provinces? Let's take the example of the National Holiday, if some provinces of our country spend this holiday mainly in late September, with the National Day coming to an end, rather than in early October, most famous places of interest will not become crowded. At the same time, visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely here and there. Last but not least, never should we travel when there is a pandemic(大流行病,瘟疫). It's our duty to prevent its spread.
1. What does the underlined sentence “One man's meat is another man's poison” in this passage mean?A.Some persons like meat, while others don't. |
B.Different persons taste meals differently. |
C.A man mistakes meat for poison. |
D.Different persons have different opinions on one thing. |
A.They buy all kinds of tickets. |
B.They walk, sleep, eat and meet native farmers. |
C.They speed up money circulation by spending money on transport, accommodations(膳宿), specialities and admission. |
D.They only enjoy visiting many glorious tourist attractions. |
A.There's a need for more policemen. |
B.Some provinces can change the date of an official holiday completely. |
C.Visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely. |
D.People should never travel when there is a pandemic. |
A.He doesn't show his opinion. | B.He doesn't agree at all. |
C.He supports unconditionally. | D.He supports and makes some suggestions. |
【推荐2】Six supporters of PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals), including one inside a cat costume and another dressed as a pig, marched on the sidewalk outside High School District 113 in Highland Park, Illinois, US. Their goal was to get the district to end animal dissection in science classes.
Animal dissection has always divided people: Is it right to dissect frogs, pigs or other animals in school science classes, particularly when computers can show detailed images of the parts of animals?
“Especially with all the violence in the US, it is important we teach children compassion for all living beings, said Mysti Lee, assistant campaign manager for PETA.
The American Anti-Vivisection Society reports that 18 states, including Illinois, have laws allowing students to choose alternatives to dissection. And in recent years, biology classes have moved toward the study of cells, molecules and genetics. “Dissection is horrific and unnecessary,” protester Victor Przysiezny said.
However, most biology teachers believe that dissection is an important part of education when done right. “It’s one thing to see it on a computer screen,” said Jaclyn Reeves. “Its another to see the size and scale. Science is about getting your hands dirty.” She added that dissection can inspire students to take up a career in biology or put them off.
At its recent protest in Highland Park, PET A singled out Bio Corp., a company that provides frogs, pigs, turtles, rabbits, cats and other animals and their parts for educational purposes. Following the charges of animal cruelty, Bill Wadd, co-owner of Bio Corp., invited city officials to tour Bio Corp. He said that more than 98 percent of the animals Bio Corp received last year were already dead. “We just take what people would throw away,” Wadd said. “Instead of throwing it in the trash, why not have students learn from it?”
District 113 spokeswoman Christine Gonzales said that district officials would think about using computer images in class instead. “We are always looking for new and innovative methods, because we do want to ensure our kids get the best instruction and are kind to all creatures,” she said.
1. Who opposes animal dissection?A.Illinois’ local residents. | B.Victor Przysiezny. |
C.Jaclyn Reeves. | D.Bill Wadd. |
A.Getting personally involved in a task. | B.Becoming involved with something illegal. |
C.Observing an operation on a computer screen. | D.Making your hands unclean by hard work. |
A.It gets rid of dead animals as trash. | B.It is a member company of PETA. |
C.It gets along very well with local officials. | D.It offers mostly dead animals for research. |
A.Supportive. | B.Cautious. |
C.Disapproving. | D.Doubtful. |
【推荐3】Some people think if you are happy, you are blind to reality. But when we research it, happiness actually raises every single business and educational outcome for the brain. How did we miss this? Why do we have these social misunderstandings about happiness? Because we assumed you were average. When we study people, scientists are often interested in what the average is.
Many people think happiness is genetic. That’s only half the story, because the average person does not fight their genes. When we stop studying the average and begin researching positive outliers -- people who are above average for a positive aspect like optimism or intelligence -- a wildly different picture appears. Our daily decisions and habits have a huge impact upon both our levels of happiness and success.
Scientifically, happiness is a choice. It is a choice about where your single processor brain will devote its limited resources as you process the world. If you scan for the negative first, your brain really has no resources left over to see the things you are grateful for or the meaning embedded(嵌入) in your work. But if you scan the world for the positive, you start to acquire an amazing advantage.
I wrote the cover story for the Harvard Business Review magazine on “Happiness Leads to Profits”. Based on my article called “Positive Intelligence” and my research in The Happiness Advantage, I summarized our researched conclusion: the single greatest advantage in the modern economy is a happy and busy workforce.
A decade of research in the business world proves that happiness raises nearly every business and educational outcome: increasing sales by 37%, productivity by 31%, and accuracy on tasks by 19%, as well as a number of health and quality-of-life improvements.
1. The underlined word “this” in the first paragraph refers to ________.A.the fact that people are happy |
B.the connection between happiness and educational outcome |
C.the fact that people often misunderstand happiness |
D.the fact that most people are average |
A.Scientists are only interested in what the average is. |
B.You can choose to be happy or not. |
C.The average are not happy at all. |
D.Our decisions and habits have nothing to do with happiness. |
A.To advertise himself. |
B.To arouse the readers’ interest. |
C.To support his point about happiness. |
D.To attract the readers to read his articles. |
A.To describe the misunderstandings about happiness. |
B.To show people the importance of happiness. |
C.To make the point of what business and educational outcome lies in. |
D.To make the point that happiness promotes business and educational outcome. |