According to some researchers, you should not praise children for everything that they do. It does not help them build self-confidence.
Most parents and teachers agree that praise can help increase children’s self-confidence—the more, the better. However, according to some researchers, only proper praise is good for children. If adults praise everything children do, it makes children look for praise all the time, not trying to do their best. “Teachers should not say things like good job’ or ‘nice work’ whenever a child does anything. They should encourage them to continue to improve,” some researchers advise.
Another idea is that children with high self-confidence are happier, and do better at school About this, Marshal Duke, a researcher in children, says, “High self confidence brought in by too much praise does not make children happier, get more, or become able to do more. Finding a child’s advantages and developing them can help build confidence more than too much praise can.” Praise also loses its effect if it is given equally to all students.
“It’s important to tell children the truth about what they’ve done. Honest feedback (反馈) is far better than empty praise” Duke adds. “People have got into the habit of not telling children when they’ re wrong. That makes it hard for them to deal with difficulties when they grow up. That’ s just how the world is.”
1. According to some researchers, if parents praise their children too much their children will ________.| A．become strong | B．increase self-confidence |
| C．always look for praise | D．do better in their studies |
| A．make them live more happily | B．encourage them to improve |
| C．help them do better in school | D．let them do more difficult work |
| A．The same praise for all children has no meaning. |
| B．Children don’t know what they’re really good at. |
| C．Praise makes children become successful. |
| D．Duke thinks praise is more important than finding children’ s strengths. |
| A．It’ s important to have the habit of praising children. |
| B．Children should know their mistakes as soon as possible. |
| C．What children with high self-confidence are like. |
| D．We should praise children honestly and tell them their mistakes. |
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【推荐1】Thanks to its harsh environment, Antarctica remained largely untouched by humans for many millennia (千年), allowing a thriving ecosystem to evolve. However, since the 1990s, the last true wilderness on the planet is becoming an increasingly popular destination for adventure-seeking tourists. Now, a new study declares that the visitors may be leaving behind harmful bacteria which could devastate all of the area’s native bird population.
Humans can infect animals with illnesses such as the flu. Researchers, however, believed that the Antarctic animals were immune to the danger due to the continent’s extreme weather. However, microbiologist Marta Cerda-Cuellar was not convinced. She and some colleagues decided to examine waste samples from Antarctic birds for evidence of human bacteria. To ensure the waste was not polluted, the scientists had to collect it from the birds themselves.
The results of their study revealed the presence of several types of human bacteria in the bird waste. This included a common strain (品种) of bacteria that causes food poisoning in humans. The researchers say the bacteria strains were resistant to commonly-used human antibiotics, indicating they were brought in by the visitors, rather than migratory birds.
“These strains, which are a common cause for infections in humans and livestock, do not usually cause death outbreaks in wild animals,” says Gonzalez Solis. “However, the emerging of invasive pathogens (病原体) that arrive to highly sensitive populations could have severe consequences and cause the local collapse and extinction of some populations.” The researcher also fears the presence of these bugs could foreshadow (预示) the arrival of other, more deadly, pathogens as the number of tourists people increases.
Experts believe the only way to prevent the mass destruction of the birds is to impose stricter regulations or, at least, put the ones already in place into effect. For example, while the Antarctica Treaty requires visitors to carry their waste back home to safeguard the pristine (原始纯净的) environment, the regulation is rarely enforced. Fortunately, nowadays some officials are taking steps to save the vulnerable birds before it’s too late.
1. What problem is Antarctica facing according to Paragraphs 1&2?| A．The increasing number of birds. | B．The worsening wilderness. |
| C．The replaced native bird species. | D．The spread of infectious illnesses. |
| A．Reject. | B．Protect. | C．Destroy. | D．Benefit. |
| A．There were several types of human bacteria in them. |
| B．Migratory birds brought these strains of bacteria in. |
| C．The strains usually cause death outbreaks in wild animals. |
| D．The invasive pathogens will become more deadly ones soon. |
| A．Indifferent. | B．Doubtful. | C．Ambiguous. | D．Optimistic. |
Government officials suggest that Chinese people will take to the air, roads and railways 3.62 billion times over a 40-day period around the nation's most important holiday this year as people push their way home for family gatherings or to satisfy their new-found passion for travel.
Getting tickets to all those would-be travelers is a discounting challenge that tries your patience annually. And the pressure for the railway system is always the greatest. Railways are the transport of choice for low-cost long-distance travel, and that's where the ticketing system regularly falls down.
Much of the criticism has focused on the railway's online purchasing system, which has been unable to keep pace with the huge demand and also failed to stop scalpers (票贩子) from easily getting many of the hard-to-find tickets.
Railway officials believed that online sales were the fairest way to get tickets for travelers, and told reporters that the public need to be patient. While by now the railway service is far from satisfying, efforts are being made to provide online identity checks that would reduce the ticket scalping problems, and the situation is expected to get better in a few years. Meanwhile, for those traveling by car, good news is that the country's extremely expensive highway tolls (通行费) will be removed for the period of the official holiday.
1. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word "discounting" in Paragraph 3?
| A．Pleasing. | B．Rewarding. |
| C．Promising. | D．Discouraging. |
| A．is convenient for travelers |
| B．costs more money |
| C．requires great patience |
| D．is just a piece of cake |
| A．there will be 3.62 billion people going home |
| B．many people have to buy railway tickets from scalpers |
| C．the railway system will break down as usual |
| D．not railways but cars are the best choices for traveling |
| A．Optimistic. | B．Doubtful. |
| C．Satisfied. | D．Worried. |
【推荐3】SWG3 is a huge building which hosts major club nights in Glasgow, Scotland. Recently, it has applied a system called Bodyheat. The system creates renewable energy from the body heat on the building’s dance floor.
David Townsend, who designed the system, said, “You and I just stand here right now, and we’re producing about 100 to 150 watts of energy. When you start dancing, let’s say at a medium pace, you might be generating like 250 watts. And then if we’ve got a big DJ, absolutely playing basslines (低音旋律) and making everyone jump up and down, each of us could be producing 500 to 600 watts of heat energy.”
Dancers’ heat is then captured from the dance floor and transferred to a series of 200-meter-deep boreholes which can store heat like a battery. The heat energy then travels back to the heat pumps, is upgraded to a suitable temperature and sent back into SWG3. This will enable people to completely disconnect the venue’s gas boiler, reducing its carbon emissions by about 70 tons of CO2 a year.
The Bodyheat system costs over 600,000 pounds to set up. “If we were to apply the typical air conditioning that is usually used, our costs would probably be about 10% of that so 60,000 pounds,” SWG3 managing director Andrew Fleming-Brown said. “But in the long run, the savings on energy bills will get the spending back in about five years, depending on costs.”
“If we can make it work here in this environment, there’s no reason why we can’t take it to other venues, not just here in Scotland and the UK, but across Europe and further areas,” Fleming-Brown said, adding that introducing the system was a leap of faith and that the venue once promised to achieve “net-zero” carbon emissions by 2025.
Bodyheat has been made possible with support from the Scottish government and the money from a series of grants. An official in Glasgow said, “Storing the heat and playing it back is a major way that can positively influence the energy crisis in the UK and improve energy safety. This is a fantastic plan, where people really are making Glasgow greener while having a great time.”
1. How much energy can two people dancing at a medium pace make?| A．About 250 watts. | B．About 500 watts. |
| C．About 200 to 300 watts. | D．About 1,000 to 1,200 watts. |
| A．To store dancers’ heat. |
| B．To capture dancers’ heat. |
| C．To send heat energy back to SWG3 |
| D．To upgrade heat energy to a suitable temperature. |
| A．It is not safe. | B．It is far-sighted. |
| C．It is double-edged. | D．It is not cost-effective. |
| A．Support Bodyheat with grants. |
| B．Build more venues with Bodyheat. |
| C．Recommend Bodyheat to other venues. |
| D．Get involved in the research on Bodyheat. |
【推荐1】Some people only exercise self-discipline in the parts of their lives they think as necessities — such as turning up to work on time and getting the job done. But self-discipline is a skill that can be applied to every aspect of life. And the benefits can be great.
It will help you reach your full potential
When you have self-discipline, you are able to push yourself to achieve things you never thought possible. You set high standards for yourself and then work hard to meet them.
Self-discipline can help you get more done in less time. When you have self-discipline, you are less likely to waste time on things that are not important. This means you can use your time more effectively and get more done. This can lead to greater productivity at work, at home, and in your personal life.
It will help you be healthier
Self-discipline can also help you live a healthier life. When you have self-discipline, you are more likely to make healthy choices and stick to them. This means you will be less likely to overeat, smoke, or engage in other unhealthy behaviors.
It will help you be happier
Last but not least, self-discipline can help you be happier. When you have self-discipline, you are less likely to engage in self-destructive behaviors.
So, as you can see, self-discipline can improve your whole life. If you want to be more successful, productive, and happier, then start working on your self-discipline today.
| A．It will help you finish work on time. |
| B．It will help you be more productive. |
| C．Here’s how self-discipline can improve all aspects of your life. |
| D．This can lead to personal and professional success. |
| E．This is because you are less likely to give up when things get tough. |
| F．This means you will be more likely to focus on the positive and enjoy your life. |
| G．It can also mean you are more likely to exercise regularly. |
【推荐2】The research by OECD that was analyzing the homework of 15-year-old school kids has shown that Italian children are busy with homework as they have to spend over 9 hours on it weekly. The other countries where children have to work over 6 hours on their tasks are Ireland, Poland, the USA and Australia.
Additional practice
It teaches students responsibility
When students only visit classes they have no idea how difficult it is for teachers to prepare for the lessons and may behave badly.
It teaches important life skills
When we say that students do their homework we add many meanings in this phrase. Pupils learn to manage time effectively, set priorities, and improve self-discipline.
If teenagers would have too much time for leisure activities, the possibility that they will be involved in some illegal or criminal issues rises greatly. Being busy with tasks they do not waste their time and spend it with the unmatched benefit.
| A．It keeps students busy. |
| B．It enriches students’ knowledge. |
| C．Therefore, it’s high time that homework should be banned. |
| D．Not all the information is grasped by students at the lessons. |
| E．That is a good preparation for future career and meeting deadlines set by bosses. |
| F．At the same time, each person realizes that homework is extremely important in studying. |
| G．When they are given assignments on a regular basis, they raise responsibility, punctuality (守时), and performing. |
【推荐3】Children learn rather early that they must ask for the things they want, but as they grow up, it’s important that they begin to consider the needs of others. Raising a generous (慷慨的) child takes intentional practices like encouraging giving, teaching important habits, and modeling how best to care for others.
Help Your Neighbors
One of the simplest ways to show giving is to lend a hand to your neighbors.
Donate (捐) Clothes and Toys
Donating is one of those age-old habits that will always be the mark of a generous person. When you practice this with your children, it’s important that you allow them to choose which toys to giveaway.
By encouraging them when they choose to give and praising others who are generous, you are setting a standard for “praiseworthy” behavior. Another practice that parents have found helpful is to focus on how the things their child did has helped another.
Foster (培养) a Global Mindset
Someone with a global mindset cares for the world and is curious about how to solve global problems. Although it may seem like an abstract concept (抽象概念), there are a few ways to foster a global mindset. First, develop problem-solving and critical thinking.
| A．Below are four ways to foster generosity. |
| B．Words of praise can be powerful for young children. |
| C．Simple actions like these help to foster generosity in kids. |
| D．Giving kids a choice about whether to share encourages sharing behavior. |
| E．Be sure to encourage choosing clothes and toys that are newer or gently used. |
| F．Perhaps an elderly neighbor is ill, or a friend nearby has recently had a surgery. |
| G．Second, visit museums, exhibitions, and spend time with friends from other cultures. |
【推荐1】When Kevin Durant gave his tearful MVP speech in 2014, the NBA star made sure to thank one person who had been there with him from the very beginning: his mother. His heartfelt words about the sacrifices she made for Durant and his brother led to a lifetime movie about her journey as a single parent, The Real MVP: The Wanda Durant Story.
Today, the NBA superstar’s mom travels the country as a motivational speaker and philanthropist (慈善家). On Monday, she spoke at Thomson Reuters’ in New York about her personal struggles to achieve financial stability and shared the financial advice she gave her son when he entered the league with CNBC.
“I wanted him to realize he has worked hard,” she says, “And it is OK for him to enjoy himself because of his hard work. But it is also imperative that he prepares for his future.” While she advised him to enjoy the rewards of his labor, she also wanted to make sure that her son knew the importance of financial planning.
She told the audience that when she found herself a single parent to two children at 21, she couldn’t follow the financial principles. Rather than planning for the future, she focused only on how her money could make ends meet for that moment.
Recently, Durant has teamed up with Laurene Powell Jobs for a new philanthropic program called College Track which is aimed at helping disadvantaged kids attend college. As part of the program, Durant has committed to donating $10 million to his hometown’s public school system.
Durant’s mom says that in addition to his financial decisions, she is proud of his philanthropic work and his desire to help the community. “I thought giving back was always very important, and so we talked about that and he had seen that from us as a family and it’s one of the things that I taught him,” she says.
1. What is The Real MVP: The Wanda Durant Story mainly about?| A．Durant’s career path. |
| B．Durant’s hard childhood. |
| C．Durant’s mother’s devotion to the family. |
| D．Durant’s mother’s struggling to be independent. |
| A．Enjoyable. | B．Important. |
| C．Unusual. | D．Hopeful. |
| A．Enjoying now and planning for the future. |
| B．Sharing rewards and creating a charity program. |
| C．Spending less money and saving for the emergencies. |
| D．Donating money to the charity and helping more schools. |
| A．His kind heart. | B．His poor hometown. |
| C．His mother’s teaching. | D．His difficult life experiences. |
【推荐2】One summer night, a boy felt himself lifted from bed by his father. Dazed with sleep, he saw stars flashing across the heavens. “What is it?” the child whispered. “Shooting stars. They come every year in August.” Decades have passed, but I remember that night still, because I was the fortunate boy whose father believed a new experience was more important than an unbroken night’s sleep.
Some parents like my father have the gift of opening doors for their children. This art of adding dimensions to a child brings the reward: the marvelous moment when the spark bursts into a flame that will burn brightly on its own one day. At a Golf Association tournament, a ten-year-old girl played creditably. “How long have you been interested in golf?” someone asked. “I got it for my ninth birthday,” she said. “Your father gave you a set of clubs?” “No,” she said, “he gave me golf.”
I have a friend, a psychiatrist, who says there are two types of people: those who think of life as a privilege and those who think of it as a problem. The first type is enthusiastic and energetic. The other type is suspicious and self-centered. And he adds, “Tell me about your childhood and I can tell you which type you are likely to be.”
The real purpose, then, of trying to open doors for children is to build eager and outgoing attitudes, which is the most valuable legacy we can pass on to the next generation. But why don’t we work harder at it? Probably because sometimes we don’t have the awareness or the selflessness or the energy. And yet, for those of us who care what becomes of our children, the challenge is always there but the opportunities also come repeatedly. Many years have passed since that night. And next year, when August comes with its shooting stars, my son will be seven.
1. What do the underlined words “adding dimensions to” in Paragraph 2 mean?| A．Setting an example for. | B．Broadening the horizons of. |
| C．Providing attentive care for. | D．Narrowing the possibilities of. |
| A．To show parental impact on children’s passion. |
| B．To suggest hobbies always start from the small. |
| C．To highlight the importance of diverse experiences. |
| D．To prove true passion usually arises from the reward. |
| A．One’s personality is related to childhood experiences. |
| B．Childhood experience determines adult happiness. |
| C．Parenting styles requires professional guidance. |
| D．Stability in upbringing builds confidence. |
| A．The author is always addicted to shooting stars. |
| B．It is a once-in-a-lifetime chance to motivate kids. |
| C．The author will go to see shooting stars with his son. |
| D．It is impossible to unlock kids’ potential without eagerness. |
【推荐3】Dealing with behavioral problems at school is not easy, but Dr. Terrance Newton is doing that with a surprisingly effective solution.
In his first year as headmaster of Warner Elementary School in Wilmington, Delaware Newton has already seen a tremendous change in his at-risk students. All it took was just a few quality conversations and a pair of scissors.
Newton saw the problem as soon as he started at the school. Bullying (欺凌行为) was out of hand, and students were constantly required to stop attending school for their behaviors. He believed the best way to solve this was to build positive relationships with students. So he decided to set up a barbershop at school.
Having cut hair before, Newton thought the barbershop could be a safe space for students to open up. And he was right — not only has he developed a good relationship with former troublemakers, but suspensions (停学) have dropped from 103 to 4 in the last year! Even better, bullying has nearly stopped. “I take care of my babies,” Newton said. “It’s about building the relationship, and I use that barbershop to build connections.”
Kamisha Collins has seen the difference in her 11-year-old son, Brandon Ponzo. “In the beginning of the school year, my son started off really rough and was not getting along with Dr. Newton, but now they have built this bond — he loves him very much.” Collins said. “Dr. Newton says positive things to them while he is cutting their hair. And my son’s grades have gotten so much better.”
What a brilliant idea — not to mention a fantastic leader! Thanks to Newton, a little love and care have made a big influence on difficult kids.
1. What does the underlined word “tremendous” in paragraph 2 probably mean?| A．Huge. | B．Simple. | C．Physical. | D．Confusing. |
| A．To take better care of his family. |
| B．To deal with students’ bad behavior. |
| C．To help poor students get their hair cut. |
| D．To strengthen connection between teaching staff. |
| A．Newton’s actions worked well on Ponzo. |
| B．Teenagers should be paid great attention to. |
| C．Conversations made no difference to Ponzo. |
| D．Schools should focus on students behaviors. |
| A．Optimistic and strict. | B．Knowledgeable and modest. |
| C．Honest and brave. | D．Thoughtful and responsible. |
