【推荐3】Fish farming is the fastest-growing form of food production worldwide. Seafood accounts for around 17% of the world’s protein intake. It’s estimated that global consumption of fish will reach 180m tonnes by the end of the decade. The World Bank thinks that 90% of the world’s fisheries are being fished over their capacity. Aquaculture (水产养殖) has therefore accounted for nearly all the growth in fish consumption since 1990. It’ll account for almost all the growth to come, too.

As with farming on land though, aquaculture has some problems. Many farmed fish are grown in net pens (网栏) either in rivers or the open ocean. Uneaten food and fish waste can pollute surrounding waters. When net pens break, escaped farmed fish can damage the local ecosystem. Inland “flow-through” farms require continuous streams of fresh water from rivers, competing with those who might need to drink it.

Therefore, newer fish farms, like Salten Smolt, came into being. They adopt a technology called RAS (recirculating aquaculture systems). Rather than relying on a constant flow of water to keep fish healthy, a RAS farm grows fish on land in tanks whose water is continuously cleaned and recycled. Standard salmon farming consumes about 50,000 litres of water for each kilogram of salmon produced. A RAS farm might need just 150 litres. Besides, it takes better care of the fish, and allows picky species to be raised anywhere. However, the pipes, pumps and monitoring systems mean that costs are higher. And these systems need to be monitored regularly by skilled personnel in case of a loss.

The RAS tanks are climate-controlled tanks, which can provide ideal temperature, without the need to worry about terrible weather. Reel Data, a company in Nova Scotia, uses data from cameras and sensors in tanks to estimate how hungry fish are, how much they weigh and even how stressed they are. The firm says the technology can raise its productivity by up to 20%.

For now, the RAS farm remains small fry (鱼苗). Just as Kathrin Steinberg, head of research at the Aquaculture Stewardship Council, said, less than 5% of the farms certified by her organization make use of it. But with the world’s demand for fish rising rapidly, she believes that market share will definitely grow soon.

1. What does the author highlight in Paragraph 1?

A．The benefit of consuming seafood.	B．The rapid development of fisheries.
C．The difficulty of increasing food production.	D．The significance of developing aquaculture.

2. What can we infer about present fishing farms?

A．They may bring about a waste of land.	B．They may lead to declined fish diversity.
C．They may cause environmental concerns.	D．They may struggle to meet local demand.

3. Which of the following are the advantages of the RAS farm?
①expense-saving          ②water efficient          ③flexible site selection          ④fewer disease outbreaks
⑤highly productive       ⑥complete auto-monitoring system

A．①②④⑤

B．②④⑤⑥

C．①③④⑥

D．②③④⑤

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．The future of fish farming is on land	B．We will have more choices for our dinner
C．The global seafood consumption is on the rise	D．We will witness a great reform in food production

【推荐1】It is a debate that has divided Italy-and the social media-right in the middle. The advice by one of Italy’s top ranking physicists to save gas by turning it off when cooking pasta (意大利面) has brought about anger and protest from pasta lovers and chefs alike.

In a video shared to social media, Giorgio Parisi, who won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics for his groundbreaking contributions in quantum (量子) theory, recently recommended that Italians add pasta to a pan of boiling water, bring it to the boil, wait two minutes, put a lid on, and then shut off the gas.

Parisi suggested that “at least eight minutes of energy consumption” is saved by using this method. “The most important thing is to keep the lid on, “ he added. “A lot of heat is lost through evaporation (蒸发). Shortly after boiling the pasta, turn off the gas, so that it boils very little without consuming energy. ”

What followed next was widespread outrage in Italy. Many Italians, who take their pasta seriously, expressed disbelief that someone-even if that is a remarkable Nobel winner-would dare suggest something as strange about a beloved national dish.

Many chefs joined the chorus, strongly contesting the theory. Local Italian press quoted multiple pasta makers, chefs and cooking experts as saying that pasta cooked by turning the heat off once the water is brought to the boil would turn it sticky and rubbery. Italy’s noted chef Luigi Pomata was quoted by media as saying: “It would be a disaster. Let’s leave cooking to chefs while physicists do experiments in their lab. ”

Most restaurants also talked back, contradicting the possibility, with the common concern being that Parisi’s suggestion would compromise the flavour of pasta—a product firmly rooted in Italian culture. Spaghetti, Macaroni, Bow ties, Penne and Ziti are some of the more popular pasta varieties globally.

1. What did Parisi suggest Italians doing to save energy as they cook pasta?

A．Removing the lid in time.	B．Boiling the water only once.
C．Switching off gas in advance.	D．Speeding up the evaporation.

2. What does the underlined words “joined the chorus” in paragraph 5 mean?

A．Entered the competition.	B．Ignored the warning.
C．Performed the symphony.	D．Voiced the same opinion.

3. Why did restaurants oppose Parisi’s idea?

A．They thought it was strange to do so.

B．They feared it would affect the taste of pasta.

C．They hoped to keep traditional varieties of pasta.

D．They didn’t want to change their way of cooking.

4. What is the text?

A．A cooking recipe.	B．A news report.
C．A science research.	D．An advertisement.

【推荐2】A five-year-old dog named Millie is helping to keep the streets of Hereford, England, clean with her 80-year-old owner Alfie Kitson. Kitson only has to point at a bit of rubbish on the floor and say, “Put that in the bin,” and Millie will do what he bids.

Millie was just eight months old when she was found abandoned in a rubbish bag tied to a tree branch in Spain, where Kitson and his family lived for 20 years. After giving her a new home, Kitson later spotted a soldier and his dog doing the trick in a park and set about trying to get Millie to do the same.

He began putting a box, of similar size to a public bin, in their Spanish garden, and bit by bit, he raised its height as she understood to drop things in the box. And luckily, the bins in Hereford were just the right size for Millie to showcase her talent when she moved to Britain with Kitson and his wife.

“Obviously, environmental concerns are a hot topic at the moment, so if we can help clear up rubbish and plastic off the street, then we’re doing our bit to help,” Kitson said. “We rescued her because our house felt empty without an animal. Dogs and cats are a big part of the life of anyone who loves animals. She is the family, and we are glad we can show her off to neighbors as she is really an amazing dog.”

Hereford office worker Samuel Tiler regularly spots Millie working her magic in the city center.

“The first time I saw her do it, I thought I might be going mad. I thought, ‘Is that really a dog tidying up people’s litter?’” he said of the dog. “I just wish people could be more thoughtful as it shouldn’t take a dog to clear up after them,” Tiler added. “If you’ve got a dog taking responsibility for the environment — surely we can do the same.”

1. What does the underlined word “bids” in paragraph 1 probably mean?

A．Commands.

B．Promises.

C．Misses.

D．Witnesses.

2. When did Kitson begin to teach Millie the trick?

A．Before he bought his new home in Spain.	B．When Millie was less than eight months old.
C．After he saw a man training his dog.	D．After he moved to his new home in Britain.

3. Why did Kitson take Millie home?

A．To show off to his neighbors.	B．To guard his house.
C．To accompany him and his wife.	D．To clean up the rubbish in the park.

4. What can we learn from Tiler’s words?

A．Dogs are really friendly to humans.

B．Humans have to pay the price for their mistakes.

C．More dogs should be trained to help keep the environment tidy.

D．Humans should do their part in keeping the environment clean.

【推荐2】China's space program made great progress today when it successfully landed the Zhurong rover on Mars. After months in orbit around the red planet, the Tianwen-1 spacecraft released the Zhurong rover for a landing at the preselected landing site close to an ancient ocean shoreline on Utopia Planitia. Chinese scientists are now getting ready to roll the 529 pound rover off its landing platform for a three month exploration. But the vehicle could work well beyond this goal and end up exploring Mars for years.

The Zhurong rover carries six scientific instruments. Two cameras will provide information about the Martian landscape, while a laser（激光） instrument will analyze the composition of the rocks and sol. A magnetometer（磁力计） will measure magnetic fields, and a climate station will study the atmosphere, temperature, pressure, wind, and sound on Mars The most exciting instrument aboard the rover, however, is the underground searching radar（雷达）, which will be used to search for small pockets of water or ice buried 33 feet below the surface Such pockets of water or ice could prove extremely valuable for future crewed missions. Even more exciting, these pockets of water, sheltered from radiation, may contain simple life forms.

“Because the landing site is very close to an ancient ocean shoreline that was not explored by NASA's Viking 2 lander in 1975, the data will uncover more secrets of Mars.” says James Head, a scientist at Brown University. Tianwen-1 and Zhurong are of great significance for stimulating the scientific enthusiasm and the creativity of the whole world, strengthening our ability to explore the unknown and expanding the living space of humanity, Head adds.

Unlike NASA, China has already offered to share with the world the data from Tianwen-1 and Zhurong the same way it has done with data from its lunar exploration missions.

1. Which instrument is most likely to detect life forms on Mars?

A．The radar.	B．The magnetometer.
C．The cameras.	D．The laser instrument.

2. What is James Head's attitude to China's Martian program?

A．Skeptical.

B．Uninterested.

C．Positive.

D．Conservative.

3. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．NASA is more generous in sharing data with the world.

B．Zhurong might meet NASA's Viking 2 on Utopia Planitia

C．China's space programs will benefit scientists around the world.

D．Deta from China's lunar explorations are not available to foreign scientists.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．The Zhurong Rover Is Well on the Way to Mars

B．China's Mars Rover Successfully Landed on Mars

C．Chinese Scientists Are Ready to Explore the Red Planet

D．Tianwen-1 Is a Breakthrough for China's Space Program

【推荐3】A Spanish rice dish; secreto de cerdo with pisto—Ibérico Pork with tomatoes, onions, eggplant, and peppers; and chicken and mushroom paella, will be served aboard the International Space Station (ISS) throughout the next week.

That, at least, is what four of the eleven crew members aboard the ISS will be eating, after a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket lifts off on April 8,2022 from Cape Canaveral, Florida, carrying the Crew Dragon spacecraft. The flight, sponsored by the Houston-based company Axiom Space and known as Ax-1, is commanded by Axiom vice president and former astronaut Michael López-Alegría. Also on board are three business owners and charitarians: American Larry Connor, Canadian Mark Pathy, and Israeli Eytan Stibbe—each of whom paid an estimated $55 million per seat for their 20-hour journey to the station and the eight days they will spend aboard.

Actually, they are not the first space tourists to the ISS—eleven in total over the past two decades; and all of them were adventurers who paid to fly aboard crewed by professional astronauts. AX-1 is the first fully private mission to the station—but not the last.

In a pre-launch press conference, Connor said, “We’ve spent anywhere from 750 to over 1,000 hours training. We’re going to do some 25 different experiments covering over 100 hours of research.” One such experiment will involve a brain headset that will conduct real-time electroencephalograms (EEGs) of the crew as they fly and experiments on in vitro stem cells.

There will also be time for a moving remembrance. Stibbe, the second Israeli to fly in space, once piloted military jets under the command of Ilan Ramon, the first Israeli astronaut, who died in the 2003 disintegration of the space shuttle Columbia. Several pages from Ramon’s diary survived the crash and Stibbe will carry them into the space.

Space is a hard business, a dangerous business, and an expensive business. But it’s also an emotional one. “Ramon was a good friend,” Stibbe added respectfully, “He was my commander.”

1. Why does the author show the dishes at the beginning?

A．To present the whole menu in the space mission.

B．To attract readers’ interest and introduce the topic.

C．To show the enjoyment of the crew members during the flight.

D．To highlight the wealth and social status of the crew members.

2. What’s the main purpose of the mission?

A．To maintain the ISS.	B．To provide space travel.
C．To help people settle in space.	D．To send Spanish food to space.

3. How does Connor think about the mission before he flies?

A．Fully-prepared and significant.	B．Expensive but worthwhile.
C．Difficult and dangerous.	D．Adventurous and challenging

4. Why does Stibbe want to bring Ramon’s diary into the space?

A．Because he wants to continue writing the diary.

B．Because he can use Ramon’s diary as instructions.

C．Because he once piloted military jets under Ramon’s command.

D．Because he wants to show respect for Ramon in this way.