【推荐1】阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的概要。

Take notes, not notepads

If you were allowed to bring a laptop to class, would you prefer to take notes by typing or with a pen and paper? Most people would probably prefer a laptop. And the reason is obvious: they can write much more quickly using a keyboard and therefore take down more information.

But the truth is that faster isn’t always better. A new study, done by Princeton University and University of California, found that students who took handwritten notes actually learned more than those who used laptops, reported The Atlantic. In the study, 65 college students watch a video of a lecture and take notes either with pens or laptops. Students were then asked to complete different tests based on how well they remembered and understood the lecture. Results show that pen users performed better than those who took notes with their laptops.

Curious about the results they compared the notes of the two groups and immediately saw the difference-pen users’ notes were shorter and taken mostly in their own words. Laptop users, however usually type down word by word what the lecture said in a “mindless” way. They found that students with laptops always try to take more notes, so they usually write down information without processing is meaning while pen users know that they cannot possibly record every word in a lecture. Instead, they listen, think and focus on understanding the content of the lecture. Besides brain activities, there is another reason that laptops are not so useful in class. According to Scientific American, when college students use laptops in class, they spend on average 40 percent of class time doing things such as visiting social media sites or shopping, which obviously harms their school performance.

Indeed. Technology is making our lives easier and doing things more efficiently. But learning may not be one of those things. As scientific American put it: “When it comes to taking notes, students need fewer gigs (电脑性能) and more brain power.”

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【推荐2】Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

The Fear of Success

Everyone has probably heard about the fear of failure. In fact, there is another, somewhat similar fear which is often overlooked or neglected as insignificant: the fear of success.

It might seem ridiculous: why would anyone be afraid of succeeding in his or her own life? Why would someone avoid—subconsciously or intentionally—accomplishing achievements, reaching goals, and fulfilling their dreams? The devil, as always, is in the details: the number of reasons for a person with the fear of success to worry is large. Unlike some people might think, many of these reasons are reasonable.

Each person has his or her standard of success, but rather often they can be reduced to several types: achieving a certain level of financial welfare; social recognition, fame, or popularity; professional growth and development; a happy marriage and parenthood, and so on. What is common for any form of success is that it can change a person's life—and this is one of the main reasons why people can be so afraid of it.

Success implies doing new things, being recognized in new ways, new workloads, new contacts, new demands and responsibilities-in other words, in case a person succeeds, there is too much innovation to deal with. Besides, getting into the spotlight implies being examined, criticized, and discussed. Not everyone is prepared for such attention. It is much safer to stay on charted territory, going through the same routine over and over again, but keeping a habitual and comfortable lifestyle.

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【推荐1】阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。   

For thousands of years, people have tried to control water by building dams. Dams allow people to collect and store water for use at home, in industry, and in agriculture. For example, when people build a dam on a river, a reservoir(水库) collects water that can be channelled for human needs. In addition, the ability of dams to control water flow helps prevent floods. Dams can also be used to make electricity.

As the human population grows, the need for water and electricity increases. So many new dams have been built in the past 50 years. Today, nearly half of the rivers in the world have at least one large dam. If managed well, dams can be a great benefit to people. Some dams, however, may do more harm than good.

All dams cause changes in river ecosystem that has an impact on surrounding land and people. As river water collects behind a large dam, it may back up and form a large lake, flooding land and killing plants and animals. People living on land upstream of a dam may be forced to abandon their homes. Below the dam, water flow decreases. This changes the downstream ecosystem. Plants and animals may not have enough water. Some types of fish may be unable to move upstream to reproduce. Rare species of plants and animals may become endangered. Farmers living downstream from the dam may not be able to grow crops. People who fish for a living may have to find other work.

An independent organization called World Commission on Dams worked during the late 1990s to suggest ways of reducing problems caused by some large dams. The commission recommended that the research, the group decision-making, and the creation of a plan all take place before the start of construction of a large dam. For a plan to be successful, it would need to demonstrate that the dam would contribute to the long-term improvement of human life. The likely impact of the dam on local people and the environment would be assessed and considered in the decision-making process.

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【推荐2】阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I still remember the sunshine that came in from the floor-to-ceiling windows of Pudong Airport on the morning of the 29th. It was brilliant and brilliant. The anxiety and excitement of careful thought were not obliterated（抹杀）by the three-hour rumbling sound, so that he almost lost his pass when he passed the customs.

The first thing I saw was the red double-decker airport bus, quietly nestling in the same bright sunshine in Hong Kong. The bus passed a bridge, followed by a green area, and then a bridge. On the sea were various cargo ships, unconsciously matching each other with colorful containers to create the colors of Hong Kong. The clouds are like cotton candy just out of the oven, densely crowded in the sky not too far away.

I started walking around on the first day. After packing my luggage at the hotel, I went to a small well-known "Yishun Milk Company" near Jordan. I ordered double skin milk and a portion of something else. I don’t remember the taste. I just remember that the uncles and aunts over there are very friendly. I sat under the air-conditioning blower silly to eat, and the uncle greeted me to change my seat and told me to be careful of catching a cold. It's really easy to have a good impression of a city. One sentence makes the mood as crystal clear as the weather in October.

Paragraph 1：

Then I went to the most prosperous area in Yau Ma Tei.

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Paragraph 2：

Suddenly, it rained heavily in the sky.

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【推荐3】请以“Soil pollution”为题写一篇英文短文。内容包括：
1. 分析土壤污染的成因；
2. 如何减少和预防土壤污染。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：pesticide 杀虫剂； chemical fertilizer 化肥；residue残留物；substance物质

Soil pollution

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