It was a warm evening in August in 1995. Robert Blocker was driving to Yale University after being appointed as the university’s Dean (院长) of Music. He didn’t expect to see many people, but a couple of students met him and showed him around.
“When I looked at the history of the university and how people are devoted to the school’s art programs, I was honored by the chance to work there. I could not wait for the next day to start my job. And that excitement never changed because every day was different. My job as dean was not scheduled. I walked around the campus and students talked to me. I went to rehearsals (排演) by the students and teachers and got inspired by them,” he adds.
After nearly three decades as the Dean of Music at Yale, the 77-year-old retired from the position on Aug 31. Also an expert pianist, he remains a professor of piano at the music school, as well as professor of leadership strategies at Yale School of Management. Among his countless contributions as dean, Blocker developed long-term relationships with fellow musicians in China. He once toured cities, including Shenzhen, Shanghai and Hangzhou, giving lectures to the youngsters.
“China is a very special place for me. I am very happy to be back after the pandemic (疫情) to meet my friends and colleagues,” Blocker says, adding that he is particularly excited about being with young students.
Yang Suxian, director of the Shenzhen Piano Music Festival, says, “He has been very supportive and has participated in the Shenzhen Piano Music Festival for years, even during the pandemic.”
Blocker’s vision of a more hopeful world is reflected in his belief that music bridges the understanding between people.
“Music brings hope. People may speak different languages and have different ideas but music speaks to each other’s heart, and that’s why we keep this work going on and why the work never ends,” he says, “Our job is to let music heal the world by allowing us to understand and find a common place in our hearts.”
1. How did Robert Blocker feel after being appointed as the university’s Dean?A.Anxious. | B.Thrilled. | C.Terrified. | D.Challenged. |
A.Teaching leadership skills. | B.Reviving art programs of the school. |
C.Giving concerts when touring cities in China. | D.Organizing rehearsals for students and teachers. |
A.To advertise the festival in Shenzhen. | B.To stress Robert’s preference for music. |
C.To review the hardships during the pandemic. | D.To show Robert’s care about Chinese musicians. |
A.Spreading music to the whole world. |
B.Translating music into a common language. |
C.Helping people to reach an agreement on music. |
D.Guiding people to know themselves better through music. |
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【推荐1】The Best Things to Experience in River City
String Thing
Caroline Shaw, who won the 2013 Pulitzer Prize for music, has composed many famous contemporary songs. Her lively compositions will be performed in a concert by Richmond's dynamic Rosette String Quartet as part of its So Hot Right Now series. The concert takes place on Monday,(October 25, from 7: 00 pm to 10: 00 pm, at the Hofheimer Building's Dark Room. The Rosettes are Ellen Cockerham Riccio (violin), Treesa Gold (violin), Kimberly Ryan (viola) and Steph Barrett (cello).
Cooking and Comedy
After visiting the River City in 2014, Alton Brown, who is the Bill Nye of the culinary (烹饪的) world and longtime host of shows including Iron Chef America and Good Eats, will return on Thursday, October 28, during his fall tour, Beyond the Eats. The show at Dominion Energy Center's Carpenter Theatre promises a mixture of cooking, comedy and audience interaction.
Opera Man
The Metropolitan Opera's production of Fire Shut up in My Bones marked a historic first as the only opera performed by African American composer Terence Blanchard on that stage earlier this year. The star of that show, Will Liverman, comes to the University of Richmond's Modlin Center at 7: 30 pm on October 28. His performance will include songs by composers Shawn E. Okpebholo, H. Leslie Adams and Damien Sneed, as well as works by Schubert, Loewe, Rachmaninoff, Britten and Bolcolm. Tickets are $10 to $25.
Night of the Picture Show
George Romero's 1968 classic, Night of the Living Dead, will be played at the Byrd Theatre at 6: 00 pm on October 31. Make it a double feature and catch the Yes and Theatrical Co. performance and screening of The Rocky Horror Picture Show at 10: 00 pm. This event features the theater company's cast accompanied by the Trunk Show Band performing the film's soundtrack live.
1. What is Caroline Shaw?A.A comedian. | B.A host. | C.A chef. | D.A composer. |
A.Enjoy classic comedies from Bill Nye. | B.Interact with a host good at cooking food. |
C.Listen to the live soundtrack of Good Eats. | D.Watch the show named Iron Chef America. |
A.At the Byrd Theatre. | B.At the Hofheimer Building's Dark Room. |
C.At the University of Richmond's Modlin Center. | D.At Dominion Energy Center's Carpenter Theatre. |
【推荐2】You have probably heard of the Mozart effect. It’s the idea that if children or even babies listen to music composed by Mozart, they will become more intelligent. A quick Internet search reveals (透露) plenty of products to help you in the task. Whatever your age there are CDs and books to help you taste the power of Mozart’s music, but when it comes to scientific evidence that it can make you more clever, the picture is more mixed.
The phrase “the Mozart effect” was made up in 1991, but it was a study described two years later in the journal Nature that sparked (引发) real media and public interest about the idea that listening to classical music somehow improves the brain. It is one of those ideas that sound reasonable. Mozart was undoubtedly a genius himself; his music is complex and there is a hope that if we listen to enough of it, we’ll become more intelligent.
The idea took off, with thousands of parents playing Mozart to their children, and in 1998 Zell Miller, the Governor of the state of Georgia in the US, even asked for money to be set aside in the state budget so that every newborn baby could be sent a CD of classical music. It was not just babies and children who were exposed to Mozart’s music on purpose, even an Italian farmer proudly explained that the cows were played Mozart three times a day to help them to produce better milk.
I’ll leave the debate on the effect on milk yield to farmers, but what about the evidence that listening to Mozart makes people more intelligent? More research was carried out but an analysis of sixteen different studies proved that listening to music does lead to a temporary improvement in the ability to handle shapes mentally, but the benefits are short-lived and it doesn’t make us more intelligent.
1. What can we learn from paragraph 1?A.Mozart composed many musical pieces for children. |
B.Children listening to Mozart will be more intelligent. |
C.There is little scientific evidence to support Mozart effect. |
D.There are few products on the Internet about Mozart’s music. |
A.the idea was accepted by many people | B.people were strongly against the idea |
C.the US government helped support the idea | D.Mozart played an important part in people’s life |
A.people will become more clever if they listen to Mozart’s music again and again |
B.listening to Mozart’s music can bring us benefits constantly |
C.we can get some benefits from listening to Mozart’s music |
D.the author is positive about Mozart’s effect |
A.To Be or Not to Be? | B.What Music Is Beneficial? |
C.What Is the Mozart Effect? | D.Listening to Mozart, Necessary? |
【推荐3】No one was bigger.
The Stones were bolder. The Who was louder. But the Beatles simply ruled the music industry, from their first single until their breakup. Everyone knew them, or thought they did. However, to understand them, you must push past the news, the myths and the lies to dig deep.
It was July 6, 1957, when the Beatles began. John Lennon, nearly 17, was performing at a school event. Paul McCartney, just 15, watched nervously. Afterward, McCartney worked up the nerve to introduce himself! He played a few songs. "He was as good as me," Lennon was impressed. "I'd have to keep him in line. He also looked like Elvis."
Just like that, McCartney was in the band. Soon, he brought along a friend, George Harrison, 14. By 1960, they had added a drummer, Pete Best. Calling themselves the Beatles, they turned professional.
By the spring of 1963, the Beatles' first album had gone to No. 1 in Britain, with several singles hitting the Top Ten. By the next year, when they reached America, they were already legends (传奇).The Beatles were here, and so was Beatlemania. Their success opened the charts, and the world, for other British bands;
As the years went on, the Beatles' popularity held firm. But they changed and, after they quit touring in 1966, began going after separate interests.
After one more album “Abbey Road" was recorded while the tapes for “Let It Be" sat on a dusty shelf, the band split in 1969. Lennon wanted to leave earlier, privately telling McCartney. But it was McCartney who went public six months later. He also did it via a press release, using it to promote his new solo album. Both characters were then firmly on different paths, and the legendary Lennon and McCartney partnership was done.
But their songs would outlast everything.
1. What does the underlined word “ruled" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Took control of. | B.Took the lead in. |
C.Set restrictions on. | D.Set standards for. |
A.Because he was a good drummer. |
B.Because he could bring along friends. |
C.Because he was talented and handsome. |
D.Because he was brave to introduce himself. |
A.All their albums and singles are big hits. |
B.They helped other British bands develop. |
C.Lennon announced their separation publicly. |
D.The band split as soon as they quit touring. |
A.John Lennon: a legendary musician. | B.Paul McCartney: the perfect partner. |
C.Beatlemania: a unique phenomenon. | D.The Beatles: the most popular band. |
【推荐1】Car companies such as Tesla and Nissan have been leading the way in electric car technology. What makes these car “green” is that because they run on electricity instead of gas, they do not give off any polluting greenhouse gases. The Toyota Mirai is also a kind of green car, since it is powered by a hydrogen fuel battery(氢燃料电池).
Hydrogen, as you know, exists in large quantities on the earth. It was used to power gaslights for centuries before electric lights came along. Hydrogen fuel can be made from many sources including water, natural gas and even rubbish. As for energy contained, 9.5kg of hydrogen is similar to 25kg of gas. According to Toyota, the two tanks on the Mirai hold 5kg of hydrogen, and can cover a distance of over 300 miles. This is twice the output of gas cars.
In a hydrogen fuel battery, the one proton (质子)and one electron in a hydrogen atom(原子) are broken up. While the electrons power the car, the hydrogen protons work with the oxygen atom to produce water. At the same time, it also produces a lot of heat which turns this water into water vapor. This is the reason why cars running on hydrogen fuel batteries give off water vapor from their exhaust pipes when running.
According to Toyota, it takes only 5 minutes to refill a hydrogen tank, which is much quicker than charging (充电) electric cars. However, the biggest difficulty for the company is the availability of hydrogen-charging stations. California and the New England states are in the process of building a hydrogen superhighway—with charging stations along the way. Countries like Germany, Japan and UK are also adding more charging stations.
The Toyota Mirai will be available in the U.S. in the second half of 2015 for $ 58,000. This hydrogen-fueled car will probably take the place of gas cars in the near future. After all, it is an energy-saving and environment-friendly car.
1. According to the text, nowadays hydrogen .A.can only be used as a fuel for cars. |
B.is a newly-discovered energy source |
C.provides more energy than the same amount of gas |
D.will soon become the main fuel for most of Toyota’s cars |
A.water vapor and weather | B.how the Toyota Mirai works |
C.different kinds of batteries | D.why hydrogen is very popular |
A.It runs on both gas and hydrogen. |
B.It will soon take place of electric cars. |
C.It gives off only a few polluting greenhouse gases. |
D.It may sell well with more charging stations around. |
A.practicality | B.instruction |
C.expansion | D.composition |
【推荐2】About 50 years ago, the famous British band The Beatles sang that “money can’t buy me love”. Today, British economists are saying that it perhaps can’t buy you happiness either. This is showed by the happy planet index (HPI, 快乐指数) published recently by the New Economics Foundation (NEF) in London.
The index is about how well countries are using their resources. It shows how well they provide people with better health and longer and happier lives, and at what cost to their environment.
It would seem to be common sense that people in richer countries live happier lives, while those in developing countries are having a harder time of it. But the results are surprising, even shocking. The numbers show that some of the so-called developed countries are performing very badly. The United States, for example, comes in at an unbelievable 150th. On the other hand, some little-known developing countries are doing a much better job. A tiny island in the Pacific, Vanuatu, comes in first. There are 178 countries and areas in the index. China ranks 31.
Countries are graded on the basis of information supplied in response to the following questions. How do people feel about their lives? How long does the average person live? How greatly does a country need to use its natural resources—such as oil, land and water—to maintain standards? This is what the index calls the “ecological footprint”.
The NEF found that the people of island nations enjoy the highest HPI rankings. Their populations live happier and longer lives, and use fewer resources.
The results also seem to show that it is possible to live longer, happier lives with a much smaller environmental impact. The index points out that people in the US and Germany enjoy similar lives.
“However, Germany’s ecological footprint is only about half that of the US. This means that Germany is around twice as efficient as the US at producing happy lives,” says Nic Marks, head of NEF’s Center for well-being.
So the happy planet index (HPl) tells us a brand-new concept of understanding “being happy”. HPI figures out different countries or individuals’ HPI through their “Ecological Footprint” and “Life Satisfaction Level” or “Life Expectancy”. Clearly, people’s HPI is related to their consumption of the resources on the earth.
You can find out your own HPI by visiting http://www.happyplanetindex.org
1. The passage is mainly about ______________.A.why money can’t buy you happiness |
B.in which country people feel the happiest |
C.the happy planet index published recently |
D.what index can influence people's happiness |
A.wealth, education, resources and health |
B.lives, health, resources and the environment |
C.pressure, accommodation, resources and health |
D.education, money, the environment and resources |
A.have far fewer happy people | B.are only developing countries |
C.do not enjoy plenty of resources | D.have a greater impact on the environment |
A.history and culture play an important role in people’s lives |
B.not all the people in developed countries enjoy happy lives |
C.it is possible to live happier and longer lives with fewer resources |
D.some of the so-called developed countries are performing very badly |
【推荐3】Mass communication is a very broad field which includes advertising, mass promotion, political campaigns, public relations, mass education and even the way you interact with other people. It covers just about everything you do in your daily life. Some characteristics of mass communication are: communication, information overload, group effort and feedback. There are some more that are less often mentioned but are just as important as the ones that have been listed above.
The most basic feature of communication is interaction. Interaction takes the form of communication where you can interpret what someone is trying to say. For example, when a person says “How are you?” and you respond in a loud voice or in a concerned manner, it’s considered interaction.
Another characteristic of mass communication that you’ll come across is a large number of receivers. When communicating with a group of people, it is important to keep in mind that each receiver will bring different characteristics to the table when communicating. Different receivers will take up different topics and bring a different set of characteristics to the table. In some cases, you will need to communicate with many different types of receiver in order for your communication ideas to be fully expressed and taken into full effect. You should therefore consider the characteristics of your receivers when planning your communication strategies.
New media is also impacting communication. Each type of new medium has diverse different ways in which it can deliver messages. You can make use of several types of communication in many cases and reach a wide range of target audiences. For example, you can use the Internet in order to communicate with your audience. As a result, the amount of information also in turn becomes too much for the human mind to process in a timely and effective manner. This overload is not only unsound, but it also tends to make people impatient, which finally takes the form of arguments and other types of exchanges that are based on facts, assumptions or personal experiences. However, although you may have to deal with some constraints, the Internet is still a very powerful tool that should not be ignored.
1. What role does the example given by the author in the second paragraph play?A.Explain the importance of politeness. |
B.Explain the concept of interaction. |
C.Explain the characteristics of communication. |
D.Explain what body language is. |
A.Because communicators have many different characteristics on the dinner table. |
B.So that your ideas can be accurately expressed and play a role. |
C.In order to better improve your communication strategy. |
D.Because the receivers have different views on different topics. |
A.Because there are too many types of communication. |
B.Because people have different experiences. |
C.Because the new media is not perfect. |
D.Because overloaded information is boring. |
A.Uncaring. | B.Indifferent. |
C.Objective. | D.Subjective. |
【推荐1】In the 1880s, long before she became her era’s greatest female explorer, eight-year-old Harriet Chalmers traveled through the Sierra Nevada on horseback with her father. When she was 24, Chalmers married Franklin Pierce Adams, and they set off for Latin America, where they covered 40,000 miles on a horse, by boat and on foot. When they returned nearly three years later, she gave a lecture at National Geographic and started a 30-year career as a contributor.
Adams made it her mission to visit every country that was or had been a Spanish colony, and revisited the places where Christopher Columbus had stayed from Europe to the Americas. She traveled around Asia and attended Haile Selassie’s Coronation(加冕礼) as the emperor of Ethiopia. During World War I, she was the first female journalist allowed to photograph the French trenches(战壕), where she stayed for months.
She wrote 21 articles detailing her experiences for National Geographic, more than any other woman published in the magazine’s first half century. In those pieces, she criticized(批评) the injustices that she had observed. “Where were the blessings the Europeans claimed they brought to millions of Latin Americans? I could hardly find them,” she wrote after a visit to Peru. “What have they not suffered under the control of the Europeans?”
Adams had no professional training as a geographer and had never been to college, but her color photo slides and adventurous travel style won her invitations to speak around the world, often from the organizations that had never invited a woman before. She was the third American woman asked to join the Royal Geographical Society in England. However, the New York-based Explorers Club gave her and other outstanding female adventurers the cold shoulder.
“Men have always been so afraid that some mere women might get into their discussion that they don’t even permit women in their clubhouses,” Adams once said, “Let alone allow them to attend any meetings for discussions that might be significantly helpful.”
Several female explorers decided to form their own club. In 1925, the Society of Woman Geographers started with Adams as president, and she served until moving to France in 1933, where she died four years later at 61.
1. What did Adams do during the first three years of her marriage?A.She traveled through the Sierra Nevada. |
B.She explored Latin America with her husband. |
C.She contributed regularly to National Geographic. |
D.She learned horse riding under her husband’s guidance. |
A.Taking photographs on the front line. |
B.Traveling around European countries. |
C.Fighting together with French soldiers. |
D.Doing research on Christopher Columbus. |
A.Positive, | B.Carefree. |
C.Grateful. | D.Negative. |
A.It refused her help coldly. |
B.It paid no attention to her. |
C.It invited her to join in their discussion. |
D.It asked her to join the Royal Geographical Society. |
【推荐2】Short and shy, Ben Sanders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports team. “Football, tennis, cricket—anything with a round ball, I was useless,” he says now with a laugh. But back then he was the object of jokes in school gym classes in England’s rural Devonshire.
It was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed him. At first the teen went biking alone in a nearby forest. Then he began to cycle along with a runner friend. Gradually, Sanders set his mind building up his body, increasing his speed, strength and endurance. At age 18, he ran his first marathon.
The following year, he met John Ridgway, who became famous in the 1960s for rowing an open boat across the Atlantic Ocean. Sanders was hired as an instructor at Ridgway’s school of Adventure in Scotland, where he learned about the older man’s brave and exciting cold-water travels. Intrigued, Sanders read all he could find about Arctic explorers and North Pole expeditions, and then decided that this would be his future.
Journeys to the Pole aren’t the usual holidays for British country boys, and many people thought of his dream as fantasy. John Ridgway was one of the few who didn’t say, “You are completely crazy.”
In 2001, after becoming a skilled skier, Sanders started his first long-distance expedition toward the North Pole. He suffered frostbite, had a close encounter with a polar bear and pushed his body to the limit. Sanders has since become the youngest person to ski alone to the North Pole, and he has skied more of the Arctic by himself than any other Briton. His old playmates would not believe the transformation.
This October, Sanders, 27, heads south to explore from the coast of Antarctica to the South Pole and back, an 1800-mile journey that has never been completed on skis.
1. The turning point in Sanders’ life came when __________.A.he started to play ball games |
B.he got a mountain bike at 15 |
C.he ran his first marathon at 18 |
D.he started to receive Ridgway’s training |
A.He considered Sanders’ dream unrealistic. |
B.He built up his body together with Sanders. |
C.He hired Sanders for his cold-water travels to the Arctic. |
D.He established his reputation by his voyage across the Atlantic. |
A.Fascinated | B.Grateful | C.Frightened | D.Pleased |
A.made him well-known in the 1960s |
B.was favored by other Artic explorers |
C.was accompanied by his old playmates |
D.set a record in the North Pole expedition |
【推荐3】On November 14, I met an author and civil rights hero who changed the world at the age of six. Ruby Bridges became the first Black student to attend an all-White school in New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1960.
The civil rights hero’s courage is now recognized yearly on Ruby Bridges Walk to School Day. We spoke at a school in Alameda, California, where students participated in the event and also got a chance to meet Bridges. I asked her about the spirit behind the day, which included more than 325,000 schoolchildren nationwide this year.
“There was a fifth-grade class,” Bridges explained, “and a very special student who was so connected to my story, she said, ‘Ruby Bridges should have her own holiday.’”
That was in 2018. The students wrote to their state government. After three years of effort, Ruby Bridges Walk to School was established in their home state of California. Bridges hopes that it will become nationwide. “If it does,” she added, “I want it to really mean something.”
Bridges imagines “a day of dialogue, where students can sit down and really talk about how they can make a difference in the world.” Just one small act, like cleaning up a park or helping feed people, she added, would be meaningful.
We also talked about I Am Ruby Bridges, her latest book. I asked Bridges how it differs from other stories she has written.
“What a lot of people don't know is that I have a sense of humor,” Bridges said. “So I thought, I’ m going to write this particular version of my story, when I was six, and how funny my thoughts were.”
More than 60 years ago, Bridges changed the world with her walk into an all-White school. Her quest for social justice continues. “I will bridge the gap between Black and White,” she said, “and hopefully between all people. ” Students today are hoping to follow in her footsteps.
1. Why did Bridges’ attending school change the world?A.It was a milestone. | B.It was difficult to do. |
C.It improved education. | D.It was her first time to school. |
A.She was laughed at by others. | B.She enjoyed spending holidays |
C.She fought for free education. | D.She suggested creating a festival. |
A.Moving. | B.Exciting. | C.Attractive. | D.Amusing. |
A.She changed the world by her novels. |
B.She helped more black children attend school. |
C.She wants help people understand each other. |
D.She encourages students to continue her cause. |