【推荐1】Next time you toss rotten lettuce or moldy(发霉的)berries, think about this: globally, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization, we waste more than a third of the food we produce.

To fight that lad, a group of Swedish graduate students in the Food Innovation and Product Design program at Lund University have come up with a way to use produce that is about to go to waste — and to help people who have limited access to food.

They're calling it FoPo Food Powder, and it's exactly what it sounds like: dried, powdered, shelf- stable fruits and vegetables, which can be dropped into relief efforts after natural disasters or distributed in low-resource areas where fresh food and refrigeration are both hard to come by.

Kent Ngo, the leader of the group, said growing up in the Philippines he'd seen how typhoons and other natural disasters cut people off from their food supply, and how important it was to have food options that were easy to access in a relief situation.

''Today a relief bag for humanitarian disasters contains various foods such as strawberry jam, peanut butter and peas in tomato sauce.We think that an easily transported pack of cheap dried food powder with high nutritional value would fit in perfectly, '' Ngo says.

The makers of FoPo are currently running a pilot program in Manila・ For their first run, they're drying calamansi, a kind of orange that Ngo says tastes like a mix of lime and tangerine （橘子）.There is a large quantity of it, it's not available in other places, and it is easy for their Philippine manufacturing program to dry and powder. Also, to broaden their reach, they’re working with commercial distributors and producers that want to use FoPo in their food products, like cake mixes and ice cream. Consumers can also add it into food or drinks, or use it in baking.

''I was a bit surprised that the calamansi powder lasted so good, '' Ngo says. "I can't wait for the mango and pineapple powder. ''

1. Why did the students make the powder?

A．To earn money.	B．To help the poor.
C．To reduce the waste.	D．To do a graduate program.

2. What do we know about the FoPo Food Powder?

A．It is of little nutritional value.	B．It can be kept for a long   time.
C．Il got the name after the inventor.	D．It is specially for natural disasters.

3. What can we infer about the pilot program?

A．It's marketed three kinds of powder.

B．It's won the approval of the consumers.

C．It started with the powder of a popular fruit.

D．It got support to promote the products,

4. What does Ngo think of the powders?

A．Needing to be improved.	B．Better than expected.
C．Environmentally friendly.	D．Ready for mass production.

【推荐2】Children in England will no longer be able to buy energy drinks.    1    It is now asking for public suggestions as to what age the ban(禁令) should start at (16 or 18), the BBC reported An energy drink is a type of drink that contains stimulants(兴奋剂), such as caffeine .     2    The makers of these drinks say that they can give you energy when you feel tired and keep you going. They have another name:battery water.

    3    Energy drinks have sixty five percent more sugar than normal soft drinks. This may explain why children are getting fatter and fatter.     4    

In the UK, more than 2/3 of 10 to 17-year-olds buy energy drinks, according to the government. “    5    Shops in England that sell the drinks to children would pay up to 22070 pounds if they don’t follow the ban. Restaurants should also obey the government’s rules.”

A．They will also be listed unhealthy drinks in China.

B．However, these drinks have very high levels of sugar and caffeine.

C．Childhood fatness is one of the greatest health challenges this country faces.

D．Too much caffeine can cause health problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness.

E．The UK government has made plans to stop shops selling the energy drinks to kids.

F．So energy drinks are as important as three meals for every day.

G．Red Bull is one of the most famous energy drinks.

【推荐3】For many, scientific innovations tend to be welcome advancements that improve our lives. For some, however, new technologies bring risk of uselessness, in turn leading to great resistance.

With the climate crisis unfolding before our eyes, the race is on to find alternatives that will help humanity leave a smaller footprint on our planet. Because of animal agriculture's leading role as a greenhouse gas emitter, the search for more sustainable protein sources could be one such alternative.

As food tech companies use science to unlock the potential of plant proteins, they're producing increasingly better plant-based meats and milks that look and taste like the real thing, but with a much lower carbon footprint. Some in the meat industry are supporting the new and investing in these alt-protein companies.

For some lawmakers, however, these innovative products don't deserve support; they deserve restriction. Missouri State, for example, recently passed a bill making it a crime punishable by imprisonment for companies to call their products ''meat'' if they don’t come from an animal.

So why the mania (狂热) over meat and milk all of a sudden? Was there a consumer who brought home some pies labeled ''plant-based meat'' only to realize he was tricked? Did confused milk-drinkers file complaints with the Department of Agriculture when they found out their soymilk didn't contain actual milk?

There really are some consumers who are truly confused. Surveys show, however, that number is remarkably small. If anything, consumers are choosing these plant-based products specifically because they think they're better for them than the original products. And they have good reason to believe that plant-based milks and meats   usually have less fat and more fiber than comparable animal-based foods.

So, consumers aren't confusing ''veggie bacon'' for real bacon; and if they don't think chicken nuggets have the same nutritional value as ''chicken-free nuggets'', then why do some meat and milk groups want a monopoly (垄断) over the M-words? Could it have to do with the fact that the increasing popularity of these foods, which are more sustainable and better for you, is threatening the profits of their constituents?

And with the future of our civilization hanging in the balance as climate change becomes more severe, it's time for policy makers to stop trying to prevent innovation, and instead to celebrate all the ways science can save us, including with sustainable proteins that can and do produce new kinds of meat.

1. What can be learned about the M-word applied to plant-based substitutes?

A．They are environmentally friendly.

B．They are innovative and widely accepted.

C．They have been restricted across America.

D．They have been produced in large quantities.

2. From the passage we can learn that consumers ______.

A．have sufficient faith in new science and technology

B．prefer the original products to the plant-based products

C．buy the plant-based products for their great benefit to health

D．often get confused by the composition of the new kind of meat

3. According to the author, some people resist the new kind of food probably because _____.

A．it contains no real meat

B．it brings risks to society

C．it plays a trick on customers

D．it poses a threat to their profits

4. What's the author's attitude towards the plant-based products?

A．Supportive.	B．Cautious.
C．Ambiguous.	D．Disapproving

【推荐1】Many Beijing residents go to great lengths to avoid breathing the city's smoggy air, especially when it reaches critical pollution levels, but one local entrepreneur decided that canning(灌装) and selling this poor quality air as a souvenir would be a great idea. Believe it or not, he was right.

After seeing a number of companies achieve commercial success by canning fresh air from countries like France, Canada or Australia and selling it in China, Dominic Johnson-Hill, a British-born citizen of Beijing and owner of the Plastered 8 souvenir shop, decided to turn the idea on its head and sell canned Beijing air throughout China and abroad.

"I'd seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and Australia, so I thought it was time to push business the other way," the entrepreneur said. "They' re perfect gifts! What else are you going to take home when you go home from Beijing? A roast duck? A Plastered T-shirt? These cans are light, portable, you can just imagine someone' s face when they unwrap (打开) it for Christmas."

The few mouth-fulls of Beijing air come in standard tin cans featuring a couple of iconic city landmarks as well as a bitter description of the contents: "a unique mix of nitrogen, oxygen and some other stuff". The ironic (讽刺的) souvenirs cost 28 RMB (US $4) and are available at the Plastered 8 shop, as well as on its online shop. But if you're actually considering buying some, you'd better ask shop in advance, as they are virtually flying off the shelves. Johnson-Hill said that his shop is selling hundreds of Beijing air cans every day.

Personally, the well-sold can probably is an awakening for the public to be concerned about the living conditions. Yet one thing that’ s not particularly clear is whether the air is really collected from Beijing, as the cans are labeled as "Made in Shenzhen". There's a big chance that' s just a kind of Plastered 8 humor, as they also list "Choking Hazard" and "May have unidentified objects inside." as warnings.

Anyway, it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment.

1. What contributes to Dominic’s idea of canning and selling the poor quality air?

A．Try to get used to it.	B．Sell it all over the world.
C．Can it as a souvenir.	D．Try to push business the other way.

2. How may one feel when receiving canned Beijing air for Christmas?

A．Satisfied.	B．Surprised.
C．Frightened.	D．Refreshed.

3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "stuff" in Paragraph 4？

A．liquids	B．objects
C．minerals	D．risks

4. What can we infer from the passage?

A．There are unidentified objects in the canned Beijing air.

B．The Plastered 8 souvenir shop is famous for its humour.

C．People should make efforts to protect the environment.

D．Dominic Johnson-Hill likes the poor quality air in Beijing.

【推荐2】ECycling refers to the recycling of electronic items, which are becoming a common problem in American home and throughout the world. The EPA, or Environmental Protection Agency, has actually started a program to help and motivate the recycling of electronics.

To get the program to the regional and neighborhood levels, the EPA directed “Plug-In to eCycling Partners”. These partnerships support electronic reusing programs in individual communities. They provide local governments, retailers and manufacturers with opportunities to reuse and recycle their items. Those who make and offer electronic devices then promote programs and opportunities for consumers to reuse their second-hand electronic products. One of the EPA’s goals is to enlighten customers about why the recycling of electronics is so important. They likewise wish to make eCycling chances easily accessible to specific consumers and their family electronics. According to the EPA, the eCycling program has actually been quite successful. In 2008, the EPA collected 66.5 million pounds of electronic devices through their Plug-In Partners.

Local governments have actually likewise got on board and passed laws intended to handle used electronic devices. Huge corporations have actually introduced eCycling programs at their local retail stores. One seller offers customers small, medium and big boxes for sale, which the customers then load with used electronics and go back to the store. Typically, customers bring their recyclable electronics to a location. When the electronic items are gathered by the EPA (typically this is done by the Partners), they are reused or recycled.

Reused items are repaired and refurbished, and passed on to others as a contribution. You can repair or recondition your very own electronic devices too, extending the life of the items and conserving the energy of making new materials. Reusing electronic devices includes making use of the products and parts of the items. These materials and parts are then made use of to produce another item. This is more efficient than making items from new materials.

Some items that are commonly eCycled consist of televisions, computer monitors, printers, notebook computer, keyboards and cable televisions. Less usual items include copying machines, CD players, voice mail machines, computer hard drives, mobile telephones, remote controls, radios, batteries, telephones, facsimile machines and computer games. Occasionally, electronic items such as microwaves, fans, vacuums, smoke alarms, and toasters are eCycled.

As the eCycling program continues, you or your organization may want to get involved. Check the EPA’s internet site (www.epa.gov) for regional eCycling programs, or for details on how your company can participate. Their website has links to organizations that are taking part in the eCycling program.

1. The EPA brought about “Plug-In to eCycling Partners” to ________.

A．make and offer electronic devices to consumers

B．make customers understand the importance of eCycling

C．make it possible for consumers to reuse their used e-products

D．make the program accessible to local regions and communities

2. The Plug-In Partners are mainly engaged in ________.

A．offering customers different boxes for sale

B．reusing second-hand e-products

C．gathering recyclable electronics

D．repairing electronic device

3. What is the main purpose of this passage?

A．To call on local governments to support Plug-In Partners.

B．To attract people to join in the eCycling programs.

C．To teach customers how to recycle electronics.

D．To introduce a new way to save costs.

【推荐3】Industrial emissions (排放) of carbon dioxide and other planet-warming greenhouse gases have raised the global average temperature by about 0.8°C since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. But studies have disagreed about what impact the rise is having on the world’s species, says Mark Urban, an ecologist at the University of Connecticut, Storrs. Some have estimated that as many as 54% of species could eventually become extinct as a result of the climate change, but others have suggested no significant impact.①

Such disparate result might originate from the limited nature of some individual studies, possibly because they focused only on a few species or a relatively small geographical region, says Urban.② To address these limits, Urban used statistical methods to help blend the results of previous studies into an apples-to-apples comparison that estimates the risk of extinction of species worldwide.

③He chose to analyze only the results of studies that had assessed extinction risks of more than one species. Then he researched into the details, such as the regions in which species considered, whether those species were limited to one small region or were widely spread, and whether the species were free to move as climate changed or were blocked by barriers such as mountain ranges or urban development.④

Effects of climate change aren’t always immediate, Urban says, and the risks of extinction he’s estimated are the long-term results of species not being able to find a suitable habitat. Maybe the habitat will merely shrink to a size that can’t support the species, or maybe it will disappear entirely. In some cases, he notes, a species might not be able to outpace the shift in its range, dying out before it can reach a new homeland. For over the generations that rapid warming might kill them off before they can spread to a suitable new habitat.

1. What is the passage aimed to tell us?

A．It is the Industrial Revolution that raised the global average temperature.

B．Mark Urban is an ecologist at the University of Connecticut, Storrs.

C．The climate change contributes to almost all the species dying out.

D．Global warming is not a main factor accounting for species extinction.

2. The sentence “And different teams have often used different methods to come up with their predictions.” can be placed in ________.

A．①

B．②

C．③

D．④

3. According to Mark Urban in Paragraph 4, some species died out mainly because of ________.

A．the rising temperatures	B．human activities
C．their low birth rates	D．the loss of their habitats

【推荐3】Having a pet is rewarding, but it can be hard work as well. However, if you are well prepared, caring for a pet doesn’t have to be a tiring job.

    1     If so, read on to get some tips for supporting any animal that would be an addition to your family.

    2     Except for the specific needs of each animal，all pets require time, company and love. You need to make sure that you want a pet not just for days but in the long term. For example, most pets require attention during the day, so make sure you may have enough time at home to look after your pet.

Choose a pet that fits your lifestyle. Different types of dogs have different needs.     3     Before buying a pet, you should do some research on the behaviors and needs of various pets you like. Don’t go into this decision dead set on one species or breed.

Plan regular visits to the vet（兽医）. Be sure to bring your pet to the vet soon after buying it. Just like humans, pets need regular check-ups.     4     Use your first visit to discuss how often you should schedule check-ups and your pet’s medical needs.

Exercise your pet if it’s the kind of pet that needs it. Find out the exercise needs of the pet before you buy it. Besides, you should also consider whether your lifestyle gives you enough time to meet your pet. Some pets don’t require you to take them for a walk, such as the rabbit and fish.     5    

A．It is important to exercise your pet.

B．Are you considering keeping a pet?

C．But other pets like dogs must be exercised.

D．Determine if you are really able to care for a pet.

E．Are you sure you are buying proper food for your pet?

F．Therefore, make sure you pick a pet that suits your lifestyle.

G．This helps to find problems before their condition becomes serious.