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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:72 题号:22010362

An impressive invention made by a 17-year-old teenager, called Anna Du, is helping to clean up small pieces of plastic from the ocean.

While walking along her local beaches in Massachusetts, the young student began collecting waste plastic bags and bottles. But what she noticed was a large number of tiny pieces of plastic or microplastics that were impossible to pick up. At just 12 years old, Du set out to solve the problem. After testing a few prototypes(原型)in her backyard, she invented a remotely operated vehicle that uses the infrared camera(红外摄像机)to detect microplastics on the ocean floor. More recently, Du has also created a simulation(模拟)model that uses artificial intelligence to predict where microplastics are located.

Du’s robot invention has earned her awards at top science fairs in the US, and she’s now a nationally recognized advocate for microplastic awareness and pollution prevention. “When I first started doing science fairs, I had no idea that a young girl without lots of money and just a little advanced engineering knowledge could make a difference in the world. I’ve learned that I truly love working on a problem that’s so much larger than me,” Du said.

Du has also released a new book to help spread the word not only about the dangers of microplastics but also about the ways to relieve the problem. Titled Microplastics &Me, the book follows Du’s own story of how she went from worrying about the environment to designing award-winning solutions. Writing for kids her own age, the young girl alerts her readers to the threat of microplastic pollution and urges them to care about the environment. The book hopes to encourage young students to get into science, technology, engineering and math(STEM)subjects and to inspire a new generation of inventors and engineers. What’s more, Du has even raised more than $7,000 to distribute the book free to kids and libraries in high-need communities.

1. What inspired Du to make the invention?
A.There was too much rubbish along the beaches.B.The plastics were too small to collect by hand.
C.The sea was polluted seriously.D.She was interested in AI.
2. What can we learn about Du from paragraph 3?
A.She has a spirit of challenge.B.She is too poor to make a difference.
C.She doesn’t study hard in engineering.D.She wins international recognition.
3. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A.Innovation.B.Voice.C.Culture.D.Art.
4. Why does Du write the book Microplastics & Me?
A.To inspire readers to share their stories.
B.To raise the awareness of microplastics pollution.
C.To encourage high schools to offer STEM subjects.
D.To collect money for kids in high-need communities.

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【推荐1】There is a mobility system or wheelchair which can be seen at Tokyo Airport moving on its own.

The mobility system seats one person and is able to find its way on its own without hitting anything. It has a pre-programmed path of about 600 meters at Tokyo’s Haneda International Airport. The ride lasts several minutes. It travels from the security area to the boarding gate at a speed of 3.5 kilometers per hour. But many people hope this type of technology can help in other places, such as hospitals or parks. The technology uses sensors and cameras to see a clear path and avoid hitting those walking toward it. The person on the machine can start or stop it through a simple controller. It runs on batteries and is programmed to return to where it starts from when its passenger gets off. It was demonstrated on Monday by WHILL, the company behind the technology.

WHILL Chief Executive Satoshi Sugie said robotics and self-driving technology reduce the need for a human at the wheel. They are especially useful in these difficult times when we are living with the corona-virus.” We are developing our business in order to help restore a world where people can enjoy moving around with peace of mind,” Sugie said.

The system is helping with social distance while fighting the spread of the corona-virus. It also helps older passengers and those who need help walking the last few steps to the boarding gate. What’ s more, it could help Japan free up labor. Japan, like many other nations, suffers from a labor shortage. The technology could free a worker to do another job.

Tests have been carried out at several airports since last year, including John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York. The company hopes to put it in airports around the world.

1. What is special about the mobility system?
A.It needs no help at the airport.B.It works by solar energy.
C.It is programmed ahead of time.D.It adjusts the speed to the path.
2. What does Satoshi Sugie think of the wheelchair?
A.It is useless to some people.B.It deserves to be widely used.
C.It needs to be further tested.D.It may not work well in other places.
3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A.Various difficulties of boarding.B.New treatment for the corona-virus.
C.The reasons for a labor shortage.D.The advantages of the mobility system.
4. In which section of a magazine may this text appear?
A.Society and development.B.Business and culture.
C.Science and technology.D.Geography and history.
2021-05-28更新 | 62次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约330词) | 适中 (0.65)
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了由于目前的隔震系统非常昂贵,所以工程师发明了一种新的隔震系统,介绍了其工作原理以及未来的发展方向。

【推荐2】Earthquakes cannot be forecast, but engineers can prepare for them. Seismic-isolation systems use concrete (水泥), rubber and metal to reduce quake damage. But such adaptations are expensive. Engineer Jian Zhang of the University of California, Los Angeles, says the system can increase building costs by 20 percent. Although these systems might save more than they cost over time, builders in some areas may not have the money for them.

A new seismic-isolation method uses the physics of rolling to create a simpler, lower-cost choice with easily found things: used tennis balls. The team of Michalis Vassiliou, an engineer, based its method on an early form of seismic isolation that rolls a shaking building to a stop the way a skater comes to rest. By separating a building from the ground with a layer of balls, rolling isolation changes horizontal shaking into a soft rocking movement and uses friction to reduce the shaking.

The researchers built a cheap model consisting of four filled tennis balls between two concrete boards, and they found that it withstood simulated (仿造的) earthquake shaking while supporting eight kilonewtons (千牛顿) of force per ball — about twice what isolation systems might experience under one-story houses. The balls had to contain exactly the right amount of the concrete mixture to reduce the shaking without cracking during tests.

Zhang, who didn’t take part in the study, says that the work is valuable. But she notes that the results are basic. Vassiliou agrees that next steps will mean creating and testing a larger model with hundreds of tennis balls. Vassiliou says that he has received money to test the system on the ground to improve the invention. “For this to actually be applied,” he adds, “you need to develop it with engineers from developing countries so that it actually deals with their needs.”

1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A.Earthquakes can’t be forecast.
B.Seismic-isolation systems can reduce quake damage.
C.Engineers can prepare for earthquakes.
D.Present seismic-isolation systems are very expensive.
2. Which is not the advantage of the new seismic-isolation system?
A.It is simple.B.It is cheap.
C.It only needs used tennis.D.It is better to reduce damage.
3. What does the underlined word “it” refer to?
A.The new system model.B.The simulated earthquake.
C.A filled tennis ball.D.A one-story house.
4. What does Jian Zhan think of the new system?
A.It is little valuable.B.It is too simple to use.
C.It needs to be improved.D.It only be needed in developing country.
2023-07-25更新 | 107次组卷
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【推荐3】Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur, who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth, instead of destroying them.

It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to overcome the warning, “Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it?” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.

With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also consulted dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.

Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father got their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product—CanCandy.

As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore’s reliability as an entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.

Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles.

1. How did Moore react to her dad's warning?
A.She didn’t care.B.She tried to find a way out.
C.She argued with him.D.She chose to consult dentists.
2. What is special about CanCandy?
A.It is free of sweeteners.B.It is sweeter than other candies.
C.It is beneficial to dental health.D.It is produced to a dentists' recipe.
3. What is Moore’s current situation ?
A.She lives an abnormal teenage life.
B.She devotes herself to doing business.
C.She is generally living the same teenage life as others.
D.She is driven by profit and wants to expand her business.
4. What can we learn from Alice Moore's story?
A.Success means getting personal desires satisfied.B.Fame is a great thirst of the young.
C.A youth is to be regarded with respect.D.Positive thinking and action result in success.
2020-06-23更新 | 47次组卷
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