Active noise control technology is used by noise-canceling headphones to minimize or completely block out outside noise. However, despite the many advancements in technology, people still don't have much control over which sounds their headphones block out and which they let pass.
Now, deep learning algorithms (算法) have been developed by a group of academics at the University of Washington that enable users to select which noises to filter (过滤) through their headphones in real-time. The system has been named “semantic hearing” by its creators.
The AI-powered headphones remove all background noise by streaming recorded audio (音频) to a smartphone that is linked to the devices. Through this process, the headphone users can choose to strengthen or cancel out 20 types of sounds, using voice commands or a smartphone app. The headphones will then only let through the sounds that have been chosen by the wearer.
“The challenge is that the sounds headphone wearers hear need to syne (同步) with their visual senses. This means the neural (神经的) algorithms must process sounds in under a hundredth of a second.” said senior author Shyam Gollakota, a UW professor.
Due to this time constraint, the semantic hearing system chooses a process that relies on noises communicated on a device like a linked smartphone. Furthermore, in order for humans to continue to effectively experience sounds in their environment, the system needs to maintain these delays because sounds coming from different directions enter people's ears at different times.
Trials were undertaken by the researchers in a variety of settings. The semantic hearing system was able to isolate target sounds, while at the same time removing background noise. In terms of the system's audio output for the desired sounds. 22 participants gave it an average rating higher than they assigned to the original noise recordings.
There were, however, a few disadvantages: the Al-powered system occasionally had trouble recognizing sounds that were too similar. The researchers said that the system could produce better results if its machine learning models were trained on more real world data.
1. What can deep learning algorithms do?A.Improve users listening ability. |
B.Help users remove unwanted noise. |
C.Stop people from entering noisy areas. |
D.Create communication between users. |
A.Select headphone users. |
B.Process data without noticeable delay. |
C.Follow the way people speak. |
D.Improve the quality of smartphones. |
A.It has improvement in sound quality. |
B.It helps them recognize participants' voices. |
C.It has more disadvantages than advantages. |
D.It's suitable to strengthen background noise. |
A.The semantic hearing system still has some drawbacks |
B.The semantic hearing system can recognize human speech |
C.AI noise-canceling headphones let you choose what you hear |
D.AI noise-canceling headphones now have a commercial version |
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【推荐1】When Hurricane Ian made landfall on the southwest Florida coast as a Category 4 storm, it brought strong winds and heavy rain. It was a deadly hurricane, attacking more than four million people, and causing serious flooding and at least 150 deaths. However, during the disaster, there was one innovative community that weathered the storm well: Babcock Ranch, the brainchild of Syd Kitson.
Located 30 miles inland, Babcock Ranch is an environmentally friendly and fully sustainable town that Syd Kitson and his partners hoped would be hurricane proof. Its homes are built to go through severe weather without losing essential services like electricity, water, or the Internet. A significant factor in its design is that power and. Internet lines are buried to avoid wind damage. Additionally, large ponds surround the development to protect houses from flooding. As a backup, streets are designed to absorb floodwaters and spare the houses.
Central to Babcock Ranch’s sustainability is its extensive use of solar energy. The community possesses an 870-acre solar farm with 700,000 individual panels operated by Florida Power & Light, capable of powering 30,000 homes — far more than the 5,000 residents currently living there. At night and on cloudy days, a natural gas generator kicks in to fill the gap.
Hurricane Ian served as a true test for the community. While the surrounding regions suffered, Babcock Ranch’s minimum damage and quick recovery showcased its effective design against natural disasters. Residents even opened their community center, doubling as a storm shelter, to the victims from other hard-hit communities.
Kitson’s vision for Babcock Ranch is not just about creating a sustainable and resilient (适应性强的) community but also about learning and improving. He hopes that the lessons learned from Babcock Ranch can be applied to other developments, contributing to more climate-resilient communities across the United States. This approach reflects a growing awareness of the need for sustainable and resilient urban planning in the face of increasing climate challenges.
1. What does the underlined word “weathered” in paragraph 1 mean?A.Predicted. | B.Changed. | C.Ignored. | D.Survived. |
A.Its streets allow houses the capability to take in floodwaters. |
B.Its design guarantees availability of power in the hurricane. |
C.Its solar farm lacks the ability of producing sufficient power. |
D.Its main source of electricity supply is provided by natural gas. |
A.Babcock Ranch’s community and social life. |
B.Babcock Ranch’s future expansion strategies. |
C.Babcock Ranch’s resistance to natural disasters. |
D.Babcock Ranch’s novel technological innovations. |
A.Promising. | B.Pessimistic. | C.Uncertain. | D.Doubtful. |
【推荐2】Heat waves are becoming more common in parts of the United States — and that means more people running their air conditioners for longer. But those air conditioners can make the problem worse, giving off greenhouse gases as they work that contribute heavily to climate change.
SkyCool Systems is trying to break that cycle, using technology that promises to offer buildings an alternative means to cool down in a similar way to how the planet cools itself. “Our planet naturally cools itself by sending heat out in the form of infrared light (红外线) or radiation,” said Eli Goldstein, SkyCool’s cofounder and CEO. “We do this through rooftop panels, which look like solar panels but actually do the opposite, reflecting 97% of the sunlight that hits them and cooling the surface below,” said Goldstein.
SkyCool’s model involves fixing a network of pipes below those panels. These pipes are filled with water, which is kept cool by the panels and then flows into an air conditioning system. This process is designed to take pressure off the system’s cooling mechanism. And because the panels cool naturally and don’t need external power to function, it helps the entire system use less electricity.
A Grocery Outlet store in California, which has been using SkyCool’s system since last year, says it saw a marked drop in its electrical bills. Jesus Valenzuela, the store manager, estimates that the panels have saved his store roughly $3,000 a month.
But perhaps the biggest barrier to making the technology ubiquitous (无处不在的) is its relatively high cost. Increasing production could help bring the cost down, Goldstein said, particularly for developing countries in Asia and Africa where SkyCool hopes to eventually expand. For now, the company is focused on commercial applications of the technology, though it hopes to start setting up panels on the roofs of individual homes. “We’re just excited to be able to use this new technology for good,” Goldstein said.
1. How did Goldstein explain the way their rooftop panels work?A.By citing an expert’s words. | B.By making comparisons. |
C.By analyzing cause and effect. | D.By describing the process in detail. |
A.To store cold water to help cool the panels. |
B.To help ease the water pressure of the air conditioning. |
C.To power the panels by making use of flowing water. |
D.To feed cold water into the air conditioning system. |
A.It’s pretty effective. | B.It has increased sales for his store. |
C.It will go out of style quickly. | D.It will cost too much to set up. |
A.It’ll bring in a good profit for the company. | B.It’ll gain popularity in developed countries. |
C.It’ll take the place of air conditioners. | D.It’ll be accessible to common households. |
【推荐3】Adaptive clothing brand Befree was founded by Nikki Puzzo and Joanne DiCamillo, two Massachusetts mothers who saw a need for clothing for individuals with disabilities. The inspiration for the brand came from Puzzo’s daughter, Stella. She is an eighth-grader and leads an active lifestyle, participating in activities like swimming, gymnastics, and working out with a trainer.
When Stella had a surgery at the age of 5, she was left with casts on both legs and a bar between them, making it impossible for her to wear traditional pants. Stella had to wear dresses or long T-shirts during her three month recovery period, which was unbearable for her. Wanting to find a solution that would allow her daughter to wear pants, Puzzo took apart a pair of brightly colored pajama bottoms and sewed them in Velcro. This simple fix turned out to be a “game changer” for Stella.
Impressed by the pants, the doctor at Boston Children’s Hospital encouraged Puzzo to mass-produce them, as many parents often struggle with dressing their children with disabilities. This feedback from the doctor motivated Puzzo and DiCamillo to start Befree.
Their goal is for adaptive clothes to be commonly found in stores and sold alongside traditional clothing within the next five years. While Befree did raise funds through a crowdfunding campaign, the company is primarily self-funded. They have not sought outside investment yet.
DiCamillo emphasized that the market for adaptive clothing extended beyond children with disabilities and includes adults with disabilities and individuals recovering from surgeries. The team is currently working on expanding their product range to include leggings, shorts, joggers and even jeans. They have already received numerous requests for adult sizes.
Overall, Befree is a company founded by mothers who saw a need for adaptive clothing and took action to meet this demand. Their determination and innovation have resulted in a brand that aims to make dressing easier and more inclusive for individuals with disabilities. With their focus on expanding their product range and making adaptive clothing mainstream, Befree is prepared to have a significant impact on the fashion industry.
1. What happened to 5-year-old Stella?A.She quarrelled with her trainer. | B.She went through an operation. |
C.She choked while learning to swim. | D.She got hurt when doing gymnastics. |
A.Favorable. | B.Doubtful. | C.Unconcerned. | D.Unclear. |
A.Its target customers are children. | B.It is totally self-funded. |
C.Its products are in great demand. | D.It was founded by two doctors. |
A.Joanne DiCamillo: A Great Partner | B.Nikki Puzzo: A Wonderful Mother |
C.Stella: A Girl Suffering From an illness | D.Befree: A Company Making Adaptive Clothing |
【推荐1】“Whatever your job is, the chances are that one of these machines can do it faster or better than you can.”
As innovation accelerates, thousands of jobs will disappear, just as it has happened in the previous cycles of industrial revolutions. Machines powered by narrow AI algorithms can already perform certain 3-D tasks (“dull, dirty and dangerous”) much better than humans. This may create enormous pain for those who are losing their jobs over the next few years, particularly if they don't acquire the computer-related skills that would enable them to find more creative opportunities. We must learn from the previous waves of creative destruction if we are to lessen human suffering and increasing inequality.
For example, some statistics indicate that as much as 3% of the population in developed countries work as drivers. When automated cars become a reality in the next 15 to 25 years, we must offer people who will be “structurally unemployed” some sort of compensation income, training and re-positioning opportunities.
Fortunately, the Schumpeterian waves of destructive innovation also create jobs. History has shown disruptive innovations are not always a zero-sum game. In the long run, the loss of low-added-value jobs to machines can have a positive impact in the overall quality of life of most workers.
The ATM paradox is a good example of this. As the use of automatic teller machines spread in the 1980s and '90s, many predicted massive unemployment in the banking sector. Instead, ATMs created more jobs as the cost of opening new agencies decreased. The number of agencies multiplied, as did the portfolio of banking products. Thanks to automation, going to the bank offers a much better customer experience than in previous decades. And the jobs in the industry became better paid and were of better quality.
This optimist scenario assumes, however, that education systems will do a better job of preparing our children to become good at what humans do best: creative and critical thinking. Less learning-by-heart and more learning-by-doing. Fewer clerical skills and more philosophical insights about human nature and how to cater to its infinite needs for art and culture.
To become creative and critical thinkers, our children will need knowledge and wisdom more than raw data points. They need to ask “why?”, “how?” and “what if?” more often than “what?”, “who?” and “when?” And they must construct this knowledge by relying on databases as cognitive partners as soon as they learn how to read and write.
Thus, the future of human-machine cooperation looks less like the scenario in the Terminator movies and more like a Minority Report-style of “augmented intelligence”. There will be jobs if we adapt the education system to equip our children to do what humans are good at: to think critically and creatively, to develop knowledge and wisdom, to appreciate and create beautiful works of art. That does not mean it will be a painless transition. Machines and automation will likely take away millions of low-quality jobs as it has happened in the past. But better-quality jobs will likely replace them, requiring less physical effort and shorter hours to deliver better results.
No, artificial intelligence won’t | |
Passage outline | Supporting details |
A | With the rise of AI, machines |
An objective analysis | Those not skilled in computer using need to plan Drivers, faced with the increasing popularity of automated cars, need to be compensated, ATMs, though, create well-paid jobs as well as increase customers’ |
A practical solution | Adjustments need to be made to education systems by |
A safe conclusion | AI won’t cost your children their jobs. Instead, it will make them more creative and |
Spacewalk!
Most people don’t know that the anniversary of an important event in space exploration occurred last month. On March 18, 1965, spaceman Aleksi Leonov became the first human to complete an Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) or spacewalk. It marked the first time that a human was able to leave a spacecraft and operate in the emptiness of space. It is a dangerous procedure, but one that is vital for the success of manned space missions.
Astronauts now perform complex jobs in the emptiness of space in modern spacesuits. They have logged many hours repairing and upgrading equipment on satellites during EVAs.
The moon surface is covered with a fine and flour-like dust which consists of small particles (颗粒) left over from the numerous meteorite (陨石) strikes on the moon.
A.However, EVAs don’t just happen in empty space. |
B.It sticks to everything, eventually causing joints and seals to fail. |
C.Spacesuits also have to maintain ideal air pressure during a spacewalk. |
D.Unfortunately, most people have no idea about space exploration or spacesuits. |
E.Without the ability to work in space, we are unable to keep our space programs functional. |
F.There are a few things that must be taken into account to make an EVA both safe and effective |
【推荐3】Many of the world’s most famous landmarks now offer virtual tours, meaning people can visit museums, world heritage sites and other attractions from the comfort of the sofa. Such virtual travel experiences, as some experts have considered as an eco-friendly solution to the problem of overtourism, are seeing an increase in popularity. For overcrowded destinations, virtual reality experiences can help divert (使改道) some tourists, easing the burden on the location’s infrastructure (基础设施).
However, there’s a big gap between using virtual reality to “try before you buy” and treating virtual reality like the destination itself.
To start with, the technology isn’t ready yet. 360-degree virtual reality videos are usually experienced through a headset or an app. The headsets are expensive and heavy, and aren’t comfortable to wear for more than 30 minutes. The apps have none of these problems, but simply aren’t as impressive.
Limited physical feelings are another problem. The videos focus on sounds and sights but can’t do much with smell, touch, or taste, and VR experiences tend to only be a few minutes long—hardly equal to a two-week vacation in Spain. Some researchers are creating a full-body suit with enhanced sensory experiences, but it still doesn’t satisfy the deeper needs that make people travel.
What’s more, tourists on virtual tours see a world only to the extent that someone was able to film and construct it. In a virtual experience, visitors can’t choose to wander down a side street and discover a charming café—unless those options have already been programmed. It can definitely disappoint those who tend to be less directed in their explorations and more focused on new experiences and discoveries.
Virtual reality may never replace traditional travel, but it still offers possibilities. If the technology becomes advanced enough, those who are more environmentally conscious among us—especially those aiming to reduce our carbon footprint—might prefer this form of escape. Also, VR travel does bring parts of the world to people who are physically unable to visit certain landmarks.
1. The followings are the benefits brought by virtual travel experiences EXCEPT that _______.A.people can tour some dreamed sites without dealing with lines and crowds |
B.the impact of tourism on the environment can be minimized |
C.people are able to explore the world without leaving home |
D.the travelers’ financial burden can be relieved to some extent |
A.The full-body suit meets the deeper needs of the tourists. |
B.An expensive headset is a must for experiencing virtual tours. |
C.People can only see what is constructed and programmed on virtual tours. |
D.Virtual tours satisfy those who are fond of adventuring at will. |
A.Indifferent. | B.Pessimistic. | C.Critical. | D.Optimistic. |
【推荐1】The walking, park-touring, and dancing robots made by Boston Dynamics have been darlings of the internet for years, as they danced from labs to Softbank and most recently Hyundai, while owners tried to figure out how to get them off the dance floor and into the factory. Michael Graham Richard showed the family of robots doing all kinds of things a few years ago, but this new video that starts off with two Atlas robots is just amazing. It's designed to assist emergency rescue (紧急救援) workers in search-and-rescue operations, performing tasks such as shutting off gas, opening doors, and operating powered equipment in environments where humans cannot survive.
But Atlas has never really been out of the lab. In fact, very few of Boston Dynamics robots have been used for work. But after they were bought by Japanese investor Softbank in 2017, they had to go out and get a real job, and Spot, who also dances in the video is the first commercial offering. There are about 400 of them out in the field now. You can buy one for $75,000 and use it as a platform for many different functions (功能), from checking for gas leaks to working for bomb groups, although that did not work out too well. But with that robotic arm option, it looks like it might be able to bring you coffee.
The last robot to join the dance party was Handle, which looked less impressive because of its use of wheels instead of legs. Now that it has been sold to a real manufacturing company, we can probably expect Hyundai to pay off the money to make real working, instead of dancing robots.
1. Why are Atlas robots amazing?A.They can protect the environment. | B.They can do dangerous work. |
C.They can walk into factories. | D.They can dance very well. |
A.It just exists in the video. | B.It is developed by Softbank. |
C.It is the first one to go into market. | D.Its single function makes it less attractive. |
A.It has two flat feet. | B.It moves by wheels. |
C.It can't bring you coffee. | D.It assists emergency rescue. |
A.Develop new robots. | B.Pay off Hyundai's debts. |
C.Make people entertained. | D.Do some practical jobs. |
【推荐2】In spite of the uncertainty of the economy, the movie industry has been stricken by a box-office outburst. Suddenly it seems as if everyone is going to the movies, with ticket sales this year up 17.5 percent, to $1.7 billion.
And it is not just because ticket prices are higher. Attendance has also jumped, by nearly 16 percent. If that pace continues through the year, it would amount to the biggest box-office increase in at least two decades.
Americans, for the moment, just want to hide in a very dark place. People want to forget their troubles, and they want to be with other people. Helping feed the outburst is the mix of movies, which have been more audience-friendly in recent months as the studios have tried to adjust after the discouraging sales of more serious films.
As she stood in line at the 18-screen Bridge theater complex here on Thursday to buy weekend tickets for “Jonas Brothers: The 3D Concert Experience,” Angel Hernandez was not thinking much about escaping reality. Instead, Ms. Hernandez, a Los Angeles parking lot attendant and mother of four young girls, was focused on one very specific reality: her wallet.
“Spending hundreds of dollars to take them to Disneyland is ridiculous right now,” she said. “For $60 and some candy money I can still be a good mom and give them a little fun.”
A lot of parents may have been thinking the same thing Friday, as “Jonas Brothers” sold out more than 800 theaters, and was expected to sell a powerful $25 million or more in tickets.
The film industry appears to have had a hand in its recent good luck. Over the last year or two, studios have released movies that are happier, scarier or just less depressing than what came before. After poor results for a rush of serious dramas built around the Middle East, Hollywood got back to comedies.
1. Which of the following is not a reason for the improvement of the movie industry?A.A growing number of people are going to the cinema. |
B.People are richer with the development of economy. |
C.More comedies are made than serious films. |
D.People have to pay more to watch a movie. |
A.she tried to escape reality |
B.she was a crazy movie fan |
C.she was fond of Disneyland |
D.she wanted to please her kids |
A.17.5% | B.$1.7 billion |
C.$60 | D.$25 million |
A.presenting the effect and analyzing the causes |
B.following the order of time |
C.describing problems and drawing a conclusion |
D.making comparison of ideas |
【推荐3】In a new PBS video, a sleeping octopus (章鱼) changes colors, making scientists believe that the animal is hiding itself to the environments in its dream.
Octopuses are highly intelligent creatures. With a brain-to-body ratio (比例) similar to that of mammals, octopuses are able to solve problems and use tools. They can remove lids, open jars, and break into child-proof containers. These amazing animals have even been reported escaping aquariums and finding their way back to sea and taking apart the plumbing (管道装置) of their own tanks.
Like mammals, octopuses’ sleep is made up of quiet and active sleep stages. Similarly to how a human’s breathing and heart rate increases during dreams in REM sleep — in active sleep, an octopuses’ skin change colors, their bodies twitch, and their suckers (吸盘) retract (缩回).
Unlike humans, however, active sleep for octopuses does not last very long. “If they are dreaming, they are dreaming for about a minute,” said Sidarta Ribeiro, a scientist at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte in Brazil. Likely, octopuses’ dreams are not very complex considering how short their bursts of active sleep are. The scientists compare these dreams to short video edits, only a few seconds to a minute long.
“For around 40 seconds, octopuses dramatically change their color and their skin texture. Their eyes are also moving,” said Sylvia Medeiros of the Brain Institute at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. “All of this happens very obviously.” These invertebrates (无脊椎动物) cycle through active and quiet sleep stages every 30-40 minutes.
To confirm the animals were actually sleeping, the scientists performed a series of visual and tactile (触觉的) stimulation tests. The researchers checked to see if the octopuses would respond to a favorite food item like a swimming crab, or to vibrations (振动) made by tapping on the glass. In each instance, the octopuses required a stronger stimulus to produce a reaction than when they were awake, confirming that the observed behavior was indeed sleeping.
In future studies, researchers want to explore the link between octopuses’ dreams and their extreme intelligence, thinking, and learning.
1. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A.Octopuses may be as clever as mammals. |
B.Octopuses can change colors while sleeping. |
C.Octopuses are able to solve problems and use tools. |
D.Octopuses once escaped from aquariums and went back home. |
A.the movement of eyes | B.the length of quiet sleep |
C.the length of active sleep | D.changes in sleeping forms |
A.to observe octopuses’ sleeping patterns |
B.to prove the octopuses were really asleep |
C.to check octopuses’ reaction to a favorite food |
D.to test octopuses hearing by tapping on the glass |
A.Results of visual and tactile stimulation tests. |
B.Improvement of the plumbing of octopuses’ tanks. |
C.The secret of Octopuses’ changing colors and skin texture. |
D.The connection between octopuses’ dreams and their intelligence. |