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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:38 题号:22472322

Have you ever wondered why most store-bought tomatoes are so tasteless? Does it relate to climate change or soils? The answer has something to do with farmers’ income: Tomato farmers care about output, and the genetic variants (基因变体) associated with output are not associated with tasty tomato flavor, a new study finds.

Is it possible to bring back the rich, sweet flavor of the tomato? To find out, Denise Tieman, research assistant at the University of Florida, explored which genes are associated with tomatoes’ taste.

In an attempt to fix supermarket tomatoes, Florida researchers looked at 398 different types and identified the chemical and genetic makeup of each one. They had participants taste-test 101 varieties, cross-referencing the participants’ favorites with their research findings. They ended up with 13 genetic compositions that are most likely responsible for giving tomatoes their flavor. The researchers then measured the content of the 13 flavor compositions in each of the tomatoes, and identified about250 genetic loci (遗传基因座) that controlled tomato flavor. And the researchers also wanted to explore why supermarket tomatoes have no taste.

It turns out that for industrial growers, it all comes down to priorities (优先性). North American consumers want year-round availability, so farmers started raising their plants for qualities like firmness, shelf life, high output and disease resistance, says Tieman. “Not to discount any of that because it’s all important. We want to have tomatoes in the grocery stores year round and be able to ship them long distances when it’s winter in the north. If they have to be shipped from Florida or Mexico, you need to have all those features.” But as growers planted tomatoes to meet those priorities, the flavor gradually disappeared.

Going back to the old varieties is not an option—at least, not for grocery stores. But the researchers believe that there is hope for a growable tomato that’s both long-lasting and flavorful in about three to five years.

1. What is the main reason for the tasteless store-bought tomatoes?
A.They get little energy from the soil.
B.They are affected by climate change.
C.Tomato farmers prioritize output over flavor.
D.Consumers demand tomatoes with a longer shelf life.
2. What did the researchers mainly do to research the taste of tomatoes?
A.They conducted a survey on tomato consumers.
B.They measured the size and firmness of tomatoes.
C.They analyzed the genetics of different tomato varieties.
D.They interviewed tomato farmers about their growing methods.
3. What’s the researchers’ attitude to developing new tasty tomato varieties?
A.Reserved.B.Positive.C.Objective.D.Dismissive.
4. What can be the best title for the text?
A.How Are Tasty Tomatoes Produced?
B.New Tomato Varieties to Be Released
C.Risks of Too Much Tomato Consumption
D.Why Do Store Tomatoes Lose Their Flavor?

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阅读理解-七选五 | 适中 (0.65)
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【推荐1】What would happen if you replace all drinks with water?

We all know what harmful drinks can cause: obesity, heart problems, stomach pain, skin diseases, caries. This list sounds so scary.     1    What would happen with our bodies then?

Chris Bailey, a popular blogger and lecturer, carried out a month-long research about this topic. His conclusion is really impressive and surprising!

You lose weight faster.

Yes, you do! No special diet is required! You replace all drinks with water for 9 days, and you'll lose as equal amount of calories as when jogging for eight kilometers a day!     2    

You speed up your metabolism.

Drinking just 17 fluid ounces (盎司) of water in the morning increases your metabolism (新陈代谢) by 24 percent.     3    And you'll see the impressive result very soon.

Your brain works better.

Did you know your brain is 75 to 85 percent water? Nothing else, just water! So by drinking, you feel it, which helps you concentrate. Drink water to work more efficiently, cope with all daily tasks quickly, and stay energized even late in the evening! Doesn't this sound like a dream?

You eat less.

Sometimes we confuse hunger with thirst.     4    Try it out to drink some water next time you feel hungry. It really works.

Your body releases toxins faster.

Water washes out harmful substances, clearing, moistening your skin and preventing aging. Want to look young and fresh as long as possible? Drink a glass of water right now.

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Five glasses of water a day lower the risk of a heart attack by 41 percent! And there are similar effects on other diseases like bladder conditions, bowel cancer…Want to avoid wasting money on doctors? Just drink more water!

You save a lot of money

How much money do you spend on coffee and juices per week? Well. I don't want to say how much I do because my spending is massive. The price of water is much lower than that of other drinks Think about it!

A.Your heart works better.
B.Your risk of many diseases gets lower.
C.But what if we completely replace all drinks with water?
D.Write it down on your calendar: Drink plenty of water every day!
E.This seems to be a great way to stay slim without much effort.
F.Water prevents you from feeling hungry, which helps you lose weight.
G.Namely, if you suddenly want to eat something high in calorie, maybe all you need is just a glass of water.
2022-01-20更新 | 46次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选 | 适中 (0.65)
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【推荐2】When first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob(烤肉串)hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.

Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.

The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly charming.

Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all customers, especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Eastern cooking.

A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, watching news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, and reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plates piled with food.

The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large. Most of the meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well.

The food, especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill (烤肉架).

The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different style of grilled meat.

One delicious and extremely healthy dish is the Joojeh Kabob, which is made of grille chicken pieces served with either rice or bread. Another great kabob is the Cbelo Kabob, kabob consisting of grilled beef.

Although the restaurant is small, the atmosphere and the food is delicious. It is a place that should not be overlooked.

1. When first entering the restaurant, one can find that it ________.
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2. What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?
A.Watching news events on TV.B.Drinking a kind of black coffee.
C.Reading local English newspapers.D.Discussing world topics in low voices.
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【推荐3】The first mouthful of “cultivated” meat is both remarkable and dull. In a homely kitchen at the California headquarters of Eat Just, a startup, a-card-sized slice of meat, served with a sweet-potato puree, mushrooms and some pickled peppers, has been grilled. The meal is remarkable because the meat was grown in a lab. It is ordinary because the texture, taste, look and smell of the meat is almost identical to that of chicken.

Broadly speaking, there are two ways to make cultivated meat. One option is to put the cells in a stainless-steel tank, called a “bioreactor,” which is filled with a nutrient-rich liquid that is often from cow embryos (胚胎). The cells multiply, and after a month or so a meaty slurry can be harvested and turned into minced-meat products such as chicken nuggets (鸡块).The alternative is to place the cells on a frame. That encourages them to grow into a certain shape, and is used to create more fibrous meat, such as steaks.

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But doing so will be challenging. In America, diners without the benefit of a press card can find cultivated meat in just two restaurants. Years ago the industry was bullish. McKinsey guessed it might grow to $25 billion worldwide by the end of the decade. But that hope is fading. Most companies are now more focused on producing hybrid meats, which combine cultivated animal protein with protein from plants such as soya or wheat because of stubbornly high costs and troubles with mass production.

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1. Which kind of lab-grown meat does Eat Just serve?
A.Beef steak.B.Chicken nuggets.C.Mammoth meatball.D.A chicken-like meat dish.
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A.Gloomy.B.Pessimistic.C.Promising.D.Depressing.
3. Why do companies explore hybrid me as combining plant and animal proteins?
A.Because of the much easier way to cook hybrid meats.
B.Because of the remarkably enhanced flavor and texture.
C.Because of the fierce competition with traditional meat companies.
D.Because of high costs and production challenges of cultivated meat.
4. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A.A new cuisine will take the place of traditional dishes,
B.A debate about moral issues is aroused by lab-grown meat.
C.Will lab-grown meat ever make it on to supermarket shelves?
D.How is the lab-grown meat made to cater for people’s demand?
2024-04-09更新 | 45次组卷
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