Chaudhary weaves (编织) together lengths of rope and grass collected from the nearby riverbank in her village, skillfully shaping the materials into a gift box while instructing a group of women to follow suit.
The ropes being used were once the lifeline for mountain climbers tackling Nepal’s mountains and were then cast away. Diverse measures to remove such discarded materials have rocketed since 2019, when the government launched Clean Mountain Campaign.Around 140,000 tons of waste were collected on Mt. Everest alone, which were handled accordingly, either securely buried or recycled.
Some waste is now finding fresh life, transformed by skilled hands like Chaudhary’s into items to sell, thanks to an initiative led by Acharya, an owner of a waste processing business and an advocate for sustainable waste management. She has been working with the cleaning campaign, aiming at mountains like Mt. Everest.
“Metal waste goes through the recycling process, but we weren’t capable of recycling these ropes and cooking gas cans,” Acharya says. It didn’t occur to her that the waste which couldn’t be recycled could be reused until she met Rai at an art exhibition and a solution emerged.
Rai, a businessman dealing in craftworks, helped connect Acharya with Chaudhary and her team of craftswomen in hopes of unlocking the economic value of the mountain waste. With flexible hours, the project gives the craftswomen an opportunity to earn money even as they maintain their household responsibilities.
“While this seems insignificant compared to waste in the mountains, it’s a start. We can’t supply sufficient raw material with waste sorting and cleaning processes taking plenty of time and money,” Acharya says, desperate to expand the program to involve more women and treat more waste. But progress has been slow. “We need investment to mechanize the cleaning and processing of waste in the initial phase to provide the crafting team with enough materials to meet their demand,” she adds.
1. What were the ropes mentioned in paragraph 2 initially intended as?A.Tools for tying up weeds. | B.Villagers’ basic necessities of life. |
C.Raw materials tor unique artworks. | D.Life-saving devices for mountaineers. |
A.A journey to the rural area. | B.An encounter with a trader. |
C.Information from a product launch. | D.Attendance at an academic conference. |
A.Train more senior technicians. | B.Obtain a better reputation. |
C.Drop waste washing procedures. | D.Bring in advanced equipment. |
A.Chaudhary: An Eco-Minded Folk Artist |
B.Nepali Women Are Turning Garbage into Crafts |
C.Clean Mountain Campaign Has Already Taken Effect |
D.A Headache: Mt. Everest Is Heavily Littered with Waste |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Once small farmers in Masii, a remote village in Kenya, have picked their crops, all they can do is wait until a buyer trucks through. The system works fairly well for beans and corn, but mangoes-the area’s other main crop-spoil (腐烂) more quickly. If the trader is late, they rot.
However, a simple coating could change that. A company, SmartTech, has created a product that doubles the shelf life of fresh produce, enabling farmers to access far-off, larger markets. More time for fresh produce on grocers’ shelves also means less food waste-a $2.6 trillion problem, according to the United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
James Rogers, CEO of SmartTech, wanted to solve the problem for food much in the same way that oxide barriers preventing rust (锈) have achieved for steel. Fortunately, researchers have found when plants made the jump from water to land, they developed cutin(蜡质), a barrier which is made of fatty acids that link together to form a seal around the plant, helping keep water in.
The cutin was such a grand strategy that today you’ll still find it across the plant kingdom. SmartTech discovered through researches that an orange can last longer than a strawberry not so much because of the thickness of its skin, but because of the difference in the arrangement of those cutin molecules (分子)on the surface. After extensive trials, Rogers and his team developed a natural and tasteless protective coating from plant material-stems, leaves and skins. The product extends the sweet spot between ripening and rot. And best of all, the treated produce doesn’t require refrigeration.
“SmartTech has huge potential to turn poor farmers in Africa into commercial farmers,” says Rogers. “That means more money in pockets, and more food in stomachs.” But whether the company can cost-effectively reach small farmers in far-off areas still remains a challenge.
1. The author mentions the small farmers in Kenya to ________.A.stress their need for preserving produce |
B.show their challenge in harvesting crops |
C.express their wish to reach larger markets |
D.evaluate their loss caused by slow transport |
A.It is financially supported by FAO. |
B.It is intended to replace refrigeration. |
C.It is designed to thicken produce’s skin. |
D.It is based on plants’own defence system. |
A.How to expand farms. |
B.How to earn more money. |
C.How to produce more tasty food. |
D.How to profit farmers in remote area. |
A.promote a product | B.present a technology |
C.advertise SmartTech | D.introduce James Rogers |
【推荐2】As aging population gets bigger and dementia (老年痴呆症) more common,more families are struggling with a complex question: How do you support a loved one with dementia, especially when you have a full-time job and several kids?
Reg Urbanowski may have an answer to this pressing issue: ROBOTS.
He and his team managed to develop a new type of robots named TP robots. Looking like stand-up vacuum cleaners attached to an iPad, they can be activated remotely via a smartphone and guided remotely by a controller app similar to the way a mouse is used on a desktop computer. All possess audio and visual communication capabilities, allowing the operator to be “in the room” to interact with Mom or Dad.
He believes that caregivers and family members can use a TP robot to “look in” on people with mild dementia. He says, “TP robots provide an effective solution for minimizing caregiver burden, especially for those who have career or other out-of home activities.”
Urbanowski and his team have conducted a study that involves providing TP robots for 15 Manitoba families. These robots are programmed to provide reminders of necessary daily routine like turning off the gas, taking medicine and having dinner. They will also help ensure patients are getting the exercise they need to maintain their health and well-being.
Erin Crawford, Program Director with the Alzheimer Society of Manitoba, says she has faith that TP robots will prove beneficial, particularly when it comes to reminding people with dementia to do certain things at certain times. “It means that family members that can’t be there, for whatever reason, know that those things are till happening,” she says.
1. What can we infer about TP robots from Paragraph 3?A.It’s easy to operate. | B.It can clean the room. |
C.It's convenient to carry. | D.It can be used on a computer. |
A.By having dinner with them. | B.By turning off the gas for them. |
C.By doing activities with them. | D.By reminding them to take pills. |
A.Optimistic. | B.Cautious. | C.Doubtful. | D.Critical. |
A.TP robots provide a new solution to dementia. |
B.TP robots help to take care of dementia patients. |
C.Caregivers of dementia will be replaced by TP robots. |
D.Urbanowski and his team are developing a new robot. |
【推荐3】TeenJobFind, created by Palo Alto tech expert and mother Janet Shah, matches teens with local jobs, such as washing cars, tutoring or yard work. And like other ‘on demand’ services, TeenJobFind runs via mobile devices.
Shah was motivated to build TeenJobFind after facing the same problem as many other parents of teens: She wanted her children to learn the value of earning money, but couldn’t fit a regular work schedule into their busy lives. ‘‘When my three kids asked me for things, I found myself reminding them that when I was their age, I was babysitting and earning my own money, ” Shah said. ‘‘However, because of academics and extracurricular activities, my kids don’t have time for a traditional part-time job.”
Drawing on her experience at Apple, Yahoo and other tech companies, Shah thought through the elements of TeenJobFind carefully before launching the app. First on her list was security. As a mother, she did not want to send her children to a stranger’s house to do a job without knowing if the situation was safe.
That is why all potential job posters on TeenJobFind must agree to a background check through a third party. As emphasized in the site’s FAQ, ‘‘Our task at TeenJobFind is to create a safe marketplace. Our number one priority is to ensure the safety of those using our platform.”
Adults looking for help, called ‘owls’, download the app, submit (提交) their information for the security check, and begin posting jobs.
Teenagers interested in working—called ‘owlets’—also need to download the app. Through geolocation (地理定位), TeenJobFind shows both teens and job posters which jobs are available in their neighborhood, or ‘nest’.
When ‘owls’ need a job done, they post a ‘hoot (夜枭鸣叫声)’, which gets sent to nearby ‘owlets’, whether it is for occasional yard work, cleaning a garage, taking care of pets, helping out at a party or tutoring. The possibilities are endless. Teenagers can choose to complete the task if it works with their schedule and interest.
If you have ever hired a teen, you know that it is difficult to figure out how much to pay them. Fortunately, TeenJobFind takes the worry out of this situation by charging job posters $15 per hour for all tasks.
From this fee, teens get paid $12, which is transferred electronically through the app. Like most other gig economy (零工经济) apps, TeenJobFind uses the $3 per hour difference to cover operational costs and increase accessibility to these services.
1. Why did Janet Shah create TeenJobFind?A.The company Yahoo asked her to do so. |
B.She wanted children to learn the value of money. |
C.She believed it would make life more convenient. |
D.She intended her children to carry on family tradition. |
A.The safety of the users. | B.The profit of the app. |
C.The competition of the market. | D.The satisfaction of the society. |
A.Teenagers. | B.Job posters. | C.Janet Shah. | D.A third party. |
A.Problems in using the app. | B.Importance of security checks. |
C.Tips on creating a safe marketplace. | D.Cases of benefits by using TeenJobFind. |
【推荐1】Alaska’s Mendenhall glacier (冰川) is about 20 minutes by car from Juneau, the state capital. It is one of the area’s most popular sites for tourists. But climate change has caused the ice to melt (融化). That means it is losing more snow and ice than it gains.
Experts guess that by 2050, people will not be able to see the Mendenhall glacier from the visitor center that was built for it. That is already the case at some other glacier visitor centers in Alaska. The disappearing glacier leads to problems for the Alaskan tourism industry.
Tourism is an important part of Juneau’s economy. About 1.6 million cruise ship passengers are expected to stop in Juneau in 2023. That is the most ever in one year. On especially busy days, 20,000 people arrive each day in the city that has only 30,000 full-time people. Cruise ships are large boats with sleeping places that carry tourists from one place to another. Many cruises start a week-long trip to Alaska in either Seattle, Washington, or Vancouver, Canada.
Manoj Pillai is a cruise ship worker from India. He recently got off his ship and went to see the Mendenhall glacier. “The glacier is so beautiful now,” he said. But he wondered what it looked like 10 or 20 years ago.
Jennifer Dumas lives in Washington, D.C. She knows what Alaska’s glaciers looked like in the past. She and her husband first visited the state and its glaciers in the 1990s. She talked about seeing the Mendenhall glacier over 20 years ago. She went to Glacier Bay National Park and spent the night near the Mendenhall glacier.
“Where we used to camp, you could see the glacier. It has retreated (退缩) so far that you can’t see the glacier anymore. So we have pictures of us in front of the glacier, but you can no longer take such pictures,” Jennifer said.
1. How does the author stress the importance of tourism to Alaska?A.By listing the number of tourists. | B.By showing the great benefit from tourism. |
C.By describing native people’s living conditions. | D.By sharing the governments’ support. |
A.The ship. | B.India. | C.The glacier. | D.Juneau. |
A.The tourism value of the glacier. | B.The glacier is melting quickly. |
C.The glacier is losing its attraction. | D.The memory of visiting the glacier. |
A.Alaska’s Glaciers May Disappear in the Future |
B.Alaska Is Challenged by Too Many Tourists |
C.It’s Time to Take Action to Stop Global Warming |
D.Climate Change Influences Alaska’s Tourism Industry |
【推荐2】Below are four environmental activists in the 21st century who have been using the Internet effectively to create awareness about environment related issues and launch various environmental campaigns.
Dick Strawbridge
Birthdate: September 3,1959
Birthplace: Myanmar, Burma
Dick Strawbridge is a British engineer, television personality, and former army officer. In 1993,he was made a Member of the Order of the British Empire for his service in Northern Ireland. After his military career, Strawbridge has established himself as a TV personality, appearing on several TV programs. He is popularly referred to as Colonel Dick in the media.
Jean-Michel Cousteau
Birthdate: May 6,1938
Birthplace: Toulon
He is a French environmentalist, oceanographic explorer, film producer, and educator. He is also a devoted advocate of a world without nuclear weapons. Cousteau is also credited with founding an education organization and marine conservation called Ocean Futures Society. Inspired by his documentary Voyage to Kure, President George W. Bush took measures to safeguard the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument.
Vandana Shiva
Birthdate: November 5, 1952
Birthplace: Dehradun
Indian environmental activist and physicist Vandana Shiva is known for her anti-GMO (反转基因) campaigns. She is the founder of RFSTN, which promotes sustainable agriculture, and is against globalization. She developed an interest in environmentalism after witnessing a forest at her hometown being cleared for a project.
Medha Patkar
Birthdate: December 1,1954
Birthplace: Mumbai
Medha Patkar is an Indian social activist known for her work concerning several agricultural issues raised by farmers in India. She is also known for popularizing the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) movement which opposes the construction of large dams across the Narmada River. Medha Patkar is the recipient(接收者)of many awards including the Mother Teresa Award.
1. What can be known about Dick Strawbridge?A.He once served in the army. | B.He directed many TV programs. |
C.He established himself as a lawyer. | D.He was the oldest of the four activists. |
A.Dick Strawbridge’s personality. | B.Medha Patkar’s NBA movement. |
C.Vandana Shiva’s life experience. | D.Jean-Michel Cousteau’s documentary. |
A.They object to building large dams across rivers. |
B.They work to deal with the issues related to agriculture. |
C.They are social activists known for anti-GMO campaigns. |
D.They are winners of the Mother Teresa Award. |
【推荐3】On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary’s southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail,” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they’re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought.” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”
One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”
Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “It would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.
1. What does the project aim to do?A.Conserve moisture in the soil. | B.Forecast disastrous hailstorms. |
C.Prevent the formation of hailstones. | D.Investigate chemical use in farming. |
A.Managers of insurance companies. | B.Farmers in east-central Alberta. |
C.Provincial government officials. | D.Residents of Calgary and Edmonton. |
A.To compare different kinds of seeding methods. | B.To illustrate the development of big hailstorms. |
C.To show the link between storms and moisture. | D.To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding. |
A.Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right. | B.Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist. |
C.The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. | D.Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada. |
【推荐1】An American cancer survivor has become the first person to swim across the English Channel four times on end.
Sarah Thomas, 37, completed the great achievement on Tuesday after over 54 hours of swimming. Her record-breaking achievement came just a year after she completed treatment for breast cancer(乳腺癌).
In a video on Facebook, a small group of people could be seen cheering on the swimmer from Colorado as she made her final arrival to beach at Dover. Supporters congratulated Mrs. Thomas on her non-stop swim, handing her chocolate and other gifts. In the video, Mrs. Thomas admitted to feeling “a little sick” but said she had been encouraged to keep going by her husband and her team.
Before the start of her challenge, Mrs. Thomas wrote that she was “fearful” and admitted she was “going to need some luck”.
In a Facebook post made on Saturday, she dedicated(奉献) the swim “to all the survivors out there”, adding, “This is for those of us who have wondered hopelessly about what comes next, and have overcome the pain bravely.”
After her swim, Mrs. Thomas said, “I’m really tired and I’m losing my voice from all the salt water.” Asked what the worst part of her challenge was, she said, “Probably dealing with the salt water over two days. It really hurts your throat, your mouth and your tongue.” She praised her support team for helping her stay strong, adding that she was very prepared for the weather, currents(k it) and cold water. “I feel just mostly stunned right now. I just can’t believe that we did it.”
1. What’s the attitude of Mrs. Thomas’s husband to her swimming challenge?A.He refuses to support her. |
B.He never cares about it at all. |
C.He is angry about her decision. |
D.He encourages her to keep trying. |
A.The weather. | B.The currents. |
C.The salt water. | D.The cold water. |
A.Frightened. | B.Surprised. |
C.Upset. | D.Powerful. |
A.A Successful Swimmer |
B.A Woman Beat Breast Cancer |
C.A Record-breaking Achievement |
D.A Cancer Survivor Made a New Record |
【推荐2】Anyone eager to view from high the cityscapes of Guangdong, a province in southern China, may soon be able to do so from the cabin of a flying taxi. On October 13th the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)awarded a “type certificate”, a crucial piece of aviation paperwork, to the world’s first electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) taxi. And in case that does not sound futuristic enough, the small two-seater, called the EH216-s, was also cleared to fly without a pilot on board.
The EH216-S is made by EHang, a company based in Guangdong. It looks like a scaled-up consumer drone (无人机) with a passenger bubble mounted on top. Propulsion (动力) is provided by 16 small rotors (转子), mounted on the tips of eight arms that fold away when the vehicle is not in use, allowing it to park in small spaces.
The CAAC gave its approval after EHang had conducted more than 40,000 test flights, including with volunteer passengers in 18 cities across China. It also subjected the EH216-S to structural analysis and crash tests, and checked its ability to keep flying if one of its rotors fails. Regulators also inspected the wireless network which EHang uses to link its flying taxis to a control centre on the ground. That allows backup pilots to land an aircraft by remote control if there is a problem.
EHang says its pilotless eVTOLs will be quieter than helicopters, their closest cousins, and much cheaper to operate, thanks in part to the ability to swap (交换) out an expensive pilot, for a second paying passenger. Performance, though, will be limited, at least at first. The EH216-S has a range of about 30 km, and a speed of up to 130 kph. The firm thinks that doing away with pilots will make things safer too. A computer’s attention never wavers (动摇). And flying is, in many ways, much easier to automate than driving, for there are fewer obstacles and unexpected situations to navigate.
EHang has ambitions beyond China, too. The firm’s closest competitors are Volocopter, a German company, and a pair of Californian firms, Joby Aviation and Archer Aviation. All three are conducting test flights of piloted eVTOLs of various designs.
1. What does the underlined word “cleared” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A.Produced. | B.Approved. | C.Removed. | D.Tested. |
A.What features EH216-S possesses. |
B.How strict the standard of EHang is. |
C.What benefits pilotless eVTOLs have. |
D.How EH216-S gets its approval. |
A.EVTOLs will definitely bring in a huge profit. |
B.EVTOLs are popular worldwide. |
C.EHang may face challenges in expanding future market. |
D.EHang will improve its design to defeat competitors. |
A.An ad in a magazine. | B.A review of a bestseller. |
C.A column in a newspaper. | D.A chapter of a science book. |
【推荐3】A woman who illegally entered Yellowstone National Parkon May 12 has suffered burns after accidentally falling into a thermal feature (热景观) near its Old Faithful Geyser, officials said. The park has been closed to all visitors since March 24 due to safety precautions amid the coronavirus pandemic(新冠病毒大流行).“Water in hot springs can cause severe or fatal burns, and hot water underlies most of the thin, breakable surface around hot springs,” the park advises on its website. “Hot springs have injured or killed more people in Yellowstone than any other natural feature.”The woman, who is yet to be identified, was backing up while taking photos near the famous tourist attraction and fell into a hot spring or hole where hot gases emerge, according to park spokeswoman Linda Veress. Even with her injuries, she managed to hop back in her vehicle and drive about 50 miles until park guards stopped her. She was then sent to a burn center at a hospital in Idaho.
Visitors are advised to stay on the boardwalks near Yellowstone’s often boiling or acidic thermal features, which include geysers, hot springs, steam vents, and mud pots. This year, two tourists were sentenced to 10 days in prison for trespassing at the hot spring last September after they were caught walking “dangerously close” to the spout of the legendary geyser ( 间 歇 泉 ) without permission and taking photos on their cellphones.
“Thermal area safety is an extremely important part of any trip to Yellowstone. We ask visitors to take the Yellowstone Promise before coming to the park and to read the park visitor guide for more information on safety, rules, and regulations,” a spokesperson said following the incident last year. At times, tourists have taken risks off the designated walkways before being injured or killed. Last fall, a man who was walking off a boardwalk near Old Faithful at night fell into a hot spring, suffering serious burns. Back in June, a 23-year-old Oregon resident fell into a superheated, acidic mud pot and died. His remains couldn't be recovered.
Yellowstone is announcing plans for a phased reopening on May 13.The incident remains under investigation, Veress said.
1. What is true about the woman mentioned in Paragraph 1?A.We don’t know who she is. |
B.She’s good at taking photos. |
C.She drove to hospital after being injured. |
D.She died in Yellowstone National Parkon Tuesday. |
A.damaging | B.taking photos |
C.entering without permission | D.drinking water from hot spring |
A.Have a camera and take photos. | B.Don’t go to hot spring area. |
C.Follow visitor guide and be careful. | D.Don’t take the walkways. |
A.Visitors get injured or killed by hot spring the most. |
B.It’s dangerous for visitors to take photos in the park. |
C.Yellowstone National Park is the most famous one in the US. |
D.Visitors will be allowed to enter the park at the end of the year. |