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组卷网 > 高中英语综合库 > 主题 > 人与社会 > 科普与现代技术 > 科普知识
题型：完形填空 难度：0.65 引用次数：33 题号：22847649

Ralph Street loves maps. Appropriately (相称) for someone with his surname, he studied geography and town planning. And well before that, his parents _________ took him out orienteering (定向运动).

“I don’t really remember a time before orienteering,” Street _________. “My parents took me orienteering the first week I was born.” He now _________ internationally as an orienteer. In 2023, he won the first place in Orienteering World Cup. Street remembers a childhood trip with friends who trusted him as they realized his excellent _________ for getting around the new city.

Street _________ the sport of orienteering at the age of nine. As his experiences suggest, childhood exposure shapes people’s comfort and _________ with navigation (导航).

People who grew up outside cities, or in more spatially (空间的) complex cities, also appear to be better able to navigate. “Even as adults, we have good _________ that people who navigate more widely around their environment have better spatial skills,” says Nora Newcombe, a psychology professor at Temple University in Philadelphia.

Misconceptions _________ about human navigation. “One of them is that you think you cannot improve,” Newcombe says. Navigational _________ like maps and compasses can lead to a dependence. People can train themselves to better notice environmental __________ like the wind, the sun and slopes.

For people who can’t imagine wayfinding without a phone app, there are still ways to __________ spatial skills. The system on many apps is that “wherever you’re going is straight ahead, which is a terrible way to learn. I advocate keeping north on the top all the time,” Newcombe __________ . Getting a(an) __________ amount of sleep may help too. One global study found that for participants __________ fifty and older, sleeping seven hours a night __________ the best performance in a navigation game.

1.
A．hardlyB．recentlyC．regularlyD．typically
2.
A．recallsB．repeatsC．regretsD．responds
3.
A．travelsB．competesC．visitsD．runs
4.
A．ambitionB．purposeC．skillD．task
5.
A．took overB．took upC．took onD．took away
6.
A．confusionB．confidenceC．happinessD．sorrow
7.
A．insightB．newsC．informationD．evidence
8.
A．appearB．happenC．consistD．exist
9.
A．aidsB．aimsC．destinationsD．means
10.
A．situationsB．protectionsC．measuresD．signs
11.
A．performB．evaluateC．practiseD．motivate
12.
A．commentsB．suggestsC．statesD．decides
13.
A．obviousB．sameC．differentD．abundant
14.
A．agedB．agingC．to ageD．ages
15.
A．was filled withB．was satisfied withC．was linked toD．was compared to
23-24高二下·浙江·期中 查看更多[1]
更新时间：2024-05-27 15:28:45 |
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【知识点】 科普知识 记叙文

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科普知识 记叙文
完形填空(约220词) | 适中 (0.65)
名校
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了关于努力和才能之间的关系，强调了即使缺乏天赋，通过勤奋努力仍然可以取得成功。

【推荐1】If you think you haven’t got what it takes to achieve your goals, you must remember that hard work beats talent every time!

________ is the natural ability or capacity to perform a function. When you ________ talent in an area, you are gifted with the “knack (诀窍)” or “instinct” needed to perform a skill or ________ a specific quality. But this only means you have the “________ qualities.” So, you have the equipment or tools needed to perform the skills.

According to a study by Angela Duckworth, a leading researcher, hard work and ________ are more important ________ of success than talent.

Duckworth found that ________ who showed more grit (defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals) were more likely to achieve their ________ than those who were simply talented but lacked the ________ drive to succeed.

However, ________ you learn how to efficiently use, manage, and control these resources, you cannot perform or use your talents at the highest levels. This is where “hard work” ________. “Hard work” applied to your natural talents and instincts will take you to levels others may never ________ . But talent alone will not do it…you must ________ your “talents” through “hard work” -practice, training, and exerting effort.

If you do not ________ to gain experience, education, and training as it relates to your talent, your ________ ability will not shine. Soon, others will surpass your accomplishments. Hard work beats talent.

1.
A．ExtinctionB．TalentC．InsightD．Perseverance
2.
A．possessB．overcomeC．lackD．enhance
3.
A．learnB．masterC．displayD．practise
4.
A．rareB．uniqueC．extraordinaryD．raw
5.
A．perseveranceB．skillsC．performanceD．efficiency
6.
A．evidencesB．instrumentsC．predictorsD．categories
7.
A．intellectualsB．individualsC．creaturesD．managers
8.
A．objectivesB．happinessC．richnessD．functions
9.
A．criticalB．necessaryC．optimisticD．awkward
10.
A．whenB．becauseC．untilD．although
11.
A．breaks upB．steps inC．pays offD．leaves out
12.
A．requireB．dreamC．seizeD．attain
13.
A．dropB．abandonC．generateD．perfect
14.
A．take stepsB．back downC．play tricksD．give in
15.
A．painstakingB．knowledgeableC．naturalD．overall
2024-03-04更新 | 207次组卷
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完形填空(约460词) | 适中 (0.65)
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文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了化学农业和有机农业的区别。

【推荐2】Chemical Versus Organic Farming

Chemical pesticides and artificial _____________have been in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health.

For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones. ___________, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affects the crops ___________ on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them. Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer. In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment. As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in ___________. They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than _________ minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.

As an alternative, some farmers have _______________ organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers _____________ keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means. For example, many organic farmers use _______________ from animals as fertiliser. This makes the soil in their fields richer in _____________. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops ________________. 

Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year,and then grow beans there the next. Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready again for the next batch of crops. Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that used different ____________ of soil to help keep it rich. For example, peanuts grow on the ground’s surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots. The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while ______________ damage to the environment or to people’s health. 

Some people would prefer to stop the use of manmade chemicals in agriculture entirely. What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming ____________ the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able to __________ that need. ____________, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.

1.
A．propertyB．novelC．fertilizersD．passion
2.
A．In realityB．In this senseC．In other wordsD．In addition
3.
A．displayedB．grownC．distinguishedD．adopted
4.
A．potentialB．occupationC．rootD．nutrition
5.
A．essentialB．distinctC．efficientD．ashamed
6.
A．broke downB．switched onC．switched toD．broke up
7.
A．insist onB．call onC．rely onD．focus on
8.
A．advanced technologyB．relevant informationC．natural wasteD．accurate predictions
9.
A．passionB．theoryC．phraseD．minerals
10.
A．free of dutyB．free of chargeC．free of painD．free of chemicals
11.
A．steamB．modesC．depthsD．patents
12.
A．amusingB．avoidingC．assessingD．attaining
13.
A．securesB．stretchesC．swingsD．serves
14.
A．inferB．meetC．draftD．detect
15.
A．HoweverB．MeanwhileC．For instanceD．Therefore
2023-11-13更新 | 19次组卷
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完形填空(约350词) | 适中 (0.65)
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【推荐3】Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the________ one. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not________ to do the work, that most people do not listen well.

Listening well also requires total________ upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as “bracketing”. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or________ your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. ________, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary________ of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to________ up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be________ only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.

However, most of the time we________ this energy. Even if we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening________. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain________ results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply________ to listen to what we don’t want to hear.

It was not until toward the end of my doctor career that I had found the knowledge that   being truly listened to was frequently therapeutic (有疗效的) . In about a quarter of the patients I saw, ________ improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy, before any of the________ of problems had been uncovered or explained. There were several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s________ that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.

1.
A．positiveB．oppositeC．sameD．wrong
2.
A．reluctantB．generousC．willingD．considerate
3.
A．dependenceB．influenceC．decisionD．concentration
4.
A．setting asideB．getting overC．noting downD．sticking to
5.
A．ThereforeB．MoreoverC．HoweverD．For instance
6.
A．abandonmentB．acceptanceC．forgetfulnessD．absorption
7.
A．turnB．takeC．makeD．open
8.
A．performedB．accomplishedC．accompaniedD．experienced
9.
A．requireB．produceC．lackD．motivate
10.
A．hopefullyB．selectivelyC．thoroughlyD．objectively
11.
A．desiredB．unexpectedC．require dD．approved
12.
A．hesitateB．decideC．refuseD．agree
13.
A．imposingB．surprisingC．fortunateD．instinct
14.
A．rootsB．reasonsC．varietiesD．features
15.
A．purposeB．senseC．conclusionD．responsibility
2021-07-31更新 | 58次组卷
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