Every one of us may have been hurt by others — either by their words or actions. The best way to deal with the problem is to “forgive and forget”.
“It is well established that learning to forgive others can have positive benefits for one’s physical and mental health,” Saima Noreen, a scientist at the University of St. Andrews, UK, told the Huffington Post.
Recently, Noreen and her research team have found one more reason that you should stick to this principle — forgiving somebody who has hurt you makes it easier for you to forget the unhappy memory, according to their new study.
In the study, researchers asked volunteers to read descriptions of 40 different situations that contained bad actions such as stealing, lying and cheating. Imagining being the victims (受害者) , volunteers then had to decide whether they would be able to forgive. Two weeks later, volunteers took part in a memory test. In the test, they were shown a series of words related to the situations they had read about and then were asked to recall certain ones.
The results showed that people were less likely to remember the details of the unpleasant experiences if they had found forgiveness in their hearts. In contrast, if they hadn’t forgiven the mistake, they could always remember what had happened.
However, forgiving someone who has hurt you is always easier said than done. So Noreen hopes that one day in the near future research will give rise to powerful therapeutic (有疗效的) tools that will enable people to “forgive and forget” more effectively.
1. What have Noreen and her team found recently?A.They have found no reason to hurt other people. |
B.A memory test is necessary to help people forgive. |
C.An unpleasant experience can be easily forgotten. |
D.Forgiving helps us to forget unhappy memories. |
a. Take a memory test. b. Imagine being a victim.
c. Decide whether to forgive or not. d. Read descriptions of 40 different situations.
A.d→b→a→c | B.d→b→c→a | C.a→b→d→c | D.a→d→b→c |
A.Remember. | B.Translate. | C.Choose. | D.Explain. |
A.It’s impossible to forgive someone. | B.Noreen has finished her research report. |
C.There may be some therapeutic tools soon. | D.The therapeutic tools have been invented. |
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【推荐1】Move over millennials(千禧一代), here comes Generation Z, today's youngest group.
Born in 1995 or later, a lot of Gen Z-ers are entering into adulthood and will soon join the workforce. People of Generation Z have grown up with the internet. Policy makers, sociologists, as well as employers and marketers, are trying their best to understand these young people. So, how should we pin down the Gen Z-ers?
Most people will agree that the single biggest difference between Gen Z and other generations is how connected they are. This is a group of people who were hooked up to social media as soon as they were born. A recent Guardian article says that the average teenager in the UK has at least 150 followers on Instagram and spends around half an hour a day on Snapchat, an image messaging app. “We are the first true digital natives,” Hannah Payne, an 18-year-old UCLA student and lifestyle blogger. “I can almost create a document, edit it, post a photo on Instagram and talk on the phone at the same time, all from the user-friendly interface(界面) of my iPhone.
The Guardian also notes that young people in the UK are becoming more active in politics. Voting is just one way of making one's voice heard. Most of Generation Z are still too young to vote, says the Guardian. Instead of party politics, they focus more on single-topic issues such as feminism(男女平等)or climate change. And “much of the civil engagement and organizing they do takes place on social media rather than through traditional political structures,” according to the newspaper.
1. The underlined phrase “pin down” in the second paragraph can be replaced by ______.A.set an example to | B.have an interest in |
C.give an explanation for | D.make a decision on |
A.how connected they are |
B.how enthusiastic they are |
C.how they communicate with each other |
D.how many hours they spend on the Internet |
A.They are newly-created cellphones |
B.They are popular among millennials |
C.They are online games invented by teenagers |
D.They are applications used by teenagers |
A.Generation Z have great interest in politics |
B.Most Gen Z-ers haven't entered the political field |
C.Voting is the only way of making yourself noticed |
D.Voting on social media is the same as voting through traditional ways |
【推荐2】Social media does have its shortcomings, and one of those is that it can often seem like everybody is living and winning big — except you.
Someone could have +1000 likes on their pictures or a million views on their videos and still be unhappy.
There are couples that appear happy on social media but behind those photos, they suffer a lot in relationships.
You don’t know what some people go through to come out with the fantastic pictures you envy. The real key players mostly operate behind the scenes but make the most happen. They may look like nobody but they are building their kingdoms while others are getting high on likes and attention. Success is not what is presented on social media.
Be yourself and never give up on yourself. Don’t compare yourself to others. The real champions of social media are those who add value to others, not the ones who show their lifestyle to impress others.
A.Those ones don’t get documented. |
B.Some even think it’s a complete show-off. |
C.Being popular on social media is not everything. |
D.Self-worth is determined by the number of likes one gets. |
E.There are couples who post nothing but are in loving relationship. |
F.It takes tears, sleepless nights, and loads of failure to make it in life. |
G.You are always flooded with strangers’ images that show the life you long for. |
【推荐3】In a world where the lines between work and home are increasingly blurred(模糊的), remote work is becoming a critical part of our daily routines. Whether you switch between working from home and the office, distant work has become a preferred method of working for many. With the rise of secure, efficient, and automatic tools, remote work is becoming more commonplace than ever before.
One such example of this is the popular secure video conferencing platform, Zoom. Zoom’s software is efficient and easy to use, making it a favorite among remote workers. The platform allows users to video conference with colleagues or clients in real-time, regardless of their location. It automatically encrypts(加密) all data transmissions, ensuring that information remains secure during remote meetings.
Another example is the rise of smart home devices, such as smart thermostats(恒温调节器) and security cameras. These devices can be automatically controlled by a secure remote command system, allowing users to adjust thermostats, monitor home security, and even instruct smart home devices to obey specific commands remotely.
Remote work can also offer a more ergonomic(人类工程学的) approach to working. By using adjustable desks and chairs, remote workers can switch between sitting and standing throughout their daily routine. This can help improve overall health and well-being while working from home or remotely.
Despite the efficiency and convenience remote work offers, it also poses some potential risks. One such waning is the potential for distancing between colleagues and clients. It’s important to remember to schedule regular face-to-face meetings to maintain personal relationships and build stronger relationships.
In conclusion, remote work has become an increasingly popular method of working in recent years, offering employees greater flexibility and efficiency while working from home or remotely. Secure, efficient, and automatic tools have made remote work more practical and convenient than ever before. However, it’s important to recognize the potential risks of remote work and take measures to avoid them. Switching between remote work and traditional office work can offer employees a more ergonomic and efficient approach to working.
1. What is the function of paragraph ONE?A.Draw a conclusion. | B.Introduce the topic. |
C.Arouse readers’ interest. | D.List the arguments. |
A.Zoom. | B.Security cameras. |
C.Wechat. | D.Adjustable desks and chairs. |
A.Cause. | B.Obtain. | C.Reduce. | D.Detect. |
A.Flexibility and efficient. | B.Practical and convenient. |
C.Secure and automatic. | D.Traditional and ergonomic. |
【推荐1】Comparatively few fresh-water species of fishes are limited in their distribution to a single river system, yet not many are found on both sides of a high mountain ridge, such as the Rocky Mountains in North America. That is to say, the fishes of the Mississippi Valley are generally different from those of the Pacific slope.
While it is a well-known fact that the fish life in no two river systems, even though they empty into the sea on the same side of a divide, is exactly identical, such streams do have many species in common. The principal rivers of the Atlantic slope of the United States, for example, contain several species common to all of them, including the bullhead catfish, the bluegill sunfish, and the large mouth bass. None of these species can endure salt water, so they cannot move from one river system to another. On the other hand, the more northern streams contain species not found in the southern ones, and vice versa. The common pike, for example, is found in the Atlantic streams from Maryland northward, and the brook trout and yellow perch occur only in the streams from North Carolina southward.
How the present distribution came about must remain a matter of quest. It is quite probable that some of the streams, including those on opposite sides of a divide, may have been connected at one time. Again, streams may be entirely separate during normal weather, but an exceptionally heavy rainfall or the sudden melting of snow in the uplands sometimes causes floods which may form a temporary connection between them, providing a passageway for fishes. It is also possible that water birds may accidentally carry fish or spawn(卵) from one stream to another, or that man may be instrumental in such a transfer.
1. The fishes in the Atlantic slope cannot move from one river system to another because ________.A.there is no canal linking different rivers |
B.fishes cannot swim by way of the Atlantic |
C.different rivers do not have the same salt content |
D.different fishes need different rivers |
A.Different rivers may have been linked to each other in the past. |
B.Floods carried fish from one river to another. |
C.Birds carried fish from place to place. |
D.Earthquake may have caused links between rivers. |
A.man may use instruments to transport fish |
B.the movement of fish doesn’t depend on human instruments |
C.it is because of man that fish can move from one river to another |
D.it is through man’s tools that fish can move from one river to another |
A.Fish Distribution and the Reasons. |
B.Why Different Rivers Have the Same Fishes. |
C.Different Fishes in Different Rivers. |
D.Similar Fishes in Different Rivers. |
【推荐2】Before I studied psychology, I used to think that people would laugh when funny things occurred. While I was right about that, I discovered there are lots of other psychological factors that make people laugh other than the funny part of a joke. When someone laughs at a joke, there will usually be more than one reason that makes him laugh and the more reasons there are, the more powerful the joke will be.
I was attending a stand-up comedy show in Egypt, and when the man started to make fun of pedestrians crossing streets, everyone laughed their hearts out. The main reason those people strongly laughed was that almost all of them felt angry towards pedestrians who crossed streets carelessly. The joke wasn’t only funny, it also made the audience feel that they were right about being angry at those pedestrians. That is, people were laughing both because of the funny joke and because of the happiness experienced as a result of the psychological support they got.
The better a joke makes a person feel, and the more it includes other psychological factors, the more the person will like it. For example, if you envy one of your friends, and someone tells a joke that is funny and, at the same time, makes your friend seem stupid, then you will probably laugh at it louder than if you weren’t jealous of him.
In short, we don’t laugh only when we hear something funny; we also laugh when we experience some kind of happiness that results from the other psychological factors involved in the joke. I strongly discourage making fun of anyone or belittling someone to make someone else laugh. All I want to explain is that if your joke supports a person’s emotions, he will certainly like it a lot.
1. What did the author find out after studying psychology?A.Only good jokes make people laugh. |
B.Many factors lead to people laughing. |
C.Funny things can make people laugh. |
D.Laughter can make people healthy. |
A.They played a trick on the pedestrians. |
B.The pedestrians behaved in a funny way. |
C.They could feel the pedestrians’ happiness. |
D.Their emotion was approved of by the show. |
A.Praise. | B.Blame. |
C.Look down on. | D.Make up to. |
【推荐3】For some people, music is no fun at all. About 4% of the population is what scientists call “amusic”. People who are amusic are born without the ability to enjoy musical notes. Amusic people often cannot tell the differences between two songs.
As a result,songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. In fact,most people cannot understand what it feels like being amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping center can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics have to stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in social loneliness. “I used to hate parties,” says Margaret,a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret,scientists are finally learning how to identify (辨别) this unusual condition.
Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from those of people who can enjoy music. The difference is complex (复杂的),and it is not connected with poor hearing. Amusics can understand other non-musical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding common speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors.
Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed(诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem. Now she knows that she is not alone. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say ‘No, thanks. I’m amusic. ’”says Margaret.
1. Amusics are the people who .A.like music |
B.have poor listening |
C.don’t like music |
D.are born unable to enjoy music |
A.Their brains. |
B.Their poor hearing. |
C.Their lack of colors. |
D.Their problems with speech. |
A.Amusics’ strange behavior. |
B.Musical ability. |
C.Some people’s inability to enjoy music. |
D.Identification and treatment of amusic. |
【推荐1】On August 23, 2004, the Athens Olympic horizontal bar (单框)final was going on fiercely. Russian Nemov, 28, was the third to compete. He won the audience with the very difficult movement of rising high in the air and grabbing the bar, but when landing, he made a flaw—moving a step forward, so the referees only scored him 9. 725 points.
At this moment, in the history of the Olympic Games, a rare instance appeared: the whole audience kept shouting “Nemov”, “Nemov”, and all rose, waving their arms and booing (嘘) to the referees long and loud. The competition was suspended. The fourth player, American Paul Ham, though ready, could only stand on the spot in embarrassment.
Faced with such a circumstance, Nemov who had withdrawn stood up from his seat, greeted and waved to the audience, bowed deeply and thanked them for their love and support. Nemov's big-heartedness further stirred up the audience's dissatisfaction. More boos rang while some of the audience even threw out their fists with thumbs down making rude moves.
Against this enormous pressure, the referees were forced to score Nemov 9. 762 points. However, such a score could not quiet down the audience; boos sounded again.
Upon this, Nemov displayed his generosity and charm. He returned to the game and raised his right arm and deeply bowed to express his respect and gratitude to the audience. After that, he extended his right index finger to make a gesture for silence, and then pressed his hands down to request the audience to remain calm and give Paul Ham a quiet condition.
Nemov's tolerance set the interrupted game going on.
In that game Nemov didn't get a gold medal, but he was still a "champion"in the eyes of the audience; he didn't defeat the fellow competitors, but he won the audience with his own tolerance.
1. In which movement did Nemov make a mistake?A.Landing. | B.Grabbing the bar. | C.Rising. | D.Lifting his knees. |
A.Nemov's imperfect performance. | B.The referees' unfair judgement. |
C.Some people's continuous boos. | D.The American player's offence. |
A.managed to set the game going on | B.bowed to the audience to apologize |
C.appreciated the referees scoring 9. 762 points | D.tolerated the referees' inappropriate decision |
A.No pains, no gains. | B.Success belongs to the determined. |
C.A generous heart makes a real hero. | D.The best hearts are always the bravest. |
【推荐2】Learning to forgive those who have “wronged us” may not always be easy, but it’s definitely worth it. Here’s why.
First, forgiveness has absolutely nothing to do with the other person at all. Forgiveness is about one thing and one thing only: it’s about how you feel. This is why it doesn’t matter if the offense was large or small. When you hold on to the anger, when you get stuck in blaming the other person and refuse to move on, you are hurting no one but yourself.
You may have been taught to “turn the other cheek”, which can be interpreted as letting those who have harmed you in some way walk all over you. Don’t fight back, and just let it happen. But is that really what we’re supposed to do? No. Forgiving is neither about playing the martyr (自我牺牲的人) or victim, nor about being a doormat (忍气吞声的人). You can forgive what others have done to you, but you should not sacrifice your own interests.
For example, should you let your colleague get away with taking credit for your work, while you sit in silence? No. First, you can choose to forgive his action so that you can calm down. Then you can calmly explain to your boss who actually did the work on that project, without seeming overly emotional or like you have any kind of agenda other than to set the record straight.
Of course, if it’s something trivial, you can just choose to forgive and let it go.
It’s important to note that this also (and especially) applies when it comes to forgiving yourself. Since thoughts of self-blame or self-hatred are the worst thoughts we can have, staying stuck in that vibration will cause more harm than any other emotion. Move into anger, stabilize there, and then move up the emotional scale until you gradually but consistently feel better. You owe it to yourself.
1. What is forgiveness mainly about according to the author?A.Controlling our own feelings. | B.Making ourselves feel better. |
C.Lessening the harm of an offence. | D.Repairing relationships with others. |
A.Turn the other cheek. | B.Calm down and let it go. |
C.Ask for help from others. | D.Fight back in a proper way. |
A.unimportant | B.unique | C.unusual | D.uninteresting |
A.The way to get along well with others. |
B.The importance of learning to forgive. |
C.The reason to forgive ourselves. |
D.The way to fight back against dishonest colleagues. |
【推荐3】There’s a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble in the World. Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too — that’s why it made Nov.16 “International Day for Tolerance”.
But first of all, what is tolerance? French philosopher Voltaire (1694-1778) can give us some help. According to him, tolerance is the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty (脆弱) and error; let us pardon each other’s folly — that is the first law of nature.
Nobody’s perfect; when we’re tempted to criticize another person, we should perhaps remember our own imperfections first.
Very often, people don’t realize that they’re intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to do with ignorance. For example, the UN’s campaign is in part about the treatment of females by males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don’t put themselves in the shoes of women.
It’s worth thinking a little about the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”. Are they the best words to describe the evils of which we’re speaking here? To agree to be “tolerant” of someone isn’t necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there’s something wrong with them.
But it seems wrong that people should agree to “tolerate” people with black skin, for example. And should women think they have received the respect they are due when men agree to “tolerate” them?
Still, what Voltaire said stands: We humans are not perfect and this weakness is something that we all share. That’s the reason why we should be tolerant.
It’s a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness. Bob Marley understood this. In the song mentioned above, he advised: “All you got to do: give a little.” Or, as this older piece of wisdom says: “Write your love on a rock so it stays for eternity; write your hate in the sand so the waves will wash it away.”
1. According to Voltaire, tolerance is _________.A.being willing to express your love to others |
B.trying to overcome your imperfections |
C.giving a hand to vulnerable groups |
D.accepting each other’s weaknesses |
A.Humans are advised to treat others better. |
B.Humans learned to find faults in others. |
C.Humans need to give something to others. |
D.Humans will change their attitudes to others. |
A.giving things to others |
B.forgiving others |
C.different attitudes toward love and hate |
D.the fact that humans are imperfect |
A.The origin of the International Day of Tolerance. |
B.The meaning and importance of tolerance. |
C.The philosophy behind Bob Marley’s song. |
D.Effective ways to show tolerance. |