【推荐1】Migration (迁移) has become a flashpoint for debate in many countries. But research from the McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) finds that it generates significant economic benefits and more effective integration (融合) of immigrants (移民) could increase those benefits.

Moving more labor to higher-productivity settings boosts global GDP. Immigrants of all skill levels contribute to this effect, whether through entrepreneurship (创业) or through freeing up natives for higher-value work. In fact, immigrants make up just 3. 4 percent of the world’s population, but MGI’ research finds that they contribute nearly 10 percent of global GDP. They contributed roughly $6.7 trillion to global GDP in 2015 — some $3 trillion more than they would have produced in their origin countries. Developed nations realize more than 90 percent of this effect.

Employment rates are slightly lower for immigrants than for native workers in top destinations, but this varies by skill level and by region of origin. Wide-ranging academic evidence shows that immigration does not harm native employment or wages, although there can be short-term negative effects if there is a large inflow of immigrants to a small region, if immigrants are close substitutes (代替者) for native workers, or if the destination economy is experiencing a downturn.

Realizing the benefits of immigration depends on how well new arrivals are integrated into their destination country’s labor market and into society. Today immigrants tend to earn 20 to 30 percent less than native-born workers. But if countries narrow that wage gap to just 5 to 10 percent by integrating immigrants more effectively across various aspects of education, housing, health, and community engagement, they could generate an additional boost of $800 billion to $1 trillion to worldwide economic output annually. This is a relatively conservative goal, but it can produce broader positive effects, including lower poverty rates and higher overall productivity in destination economies.

The stakes are high. The success or failure of integration can last many years, influencing whether second-generation immigrants become fully participating citizens who reach their full potential or remain in a poverty trap.

1. What is the purpose of this text?

A．To give a definition.	B．To explain a phenomenon.
C．To introduce a research.	D．To report a finding.

2. Immigration won’t cause negative effects to native workers in the short term if ______.

A．immigrants set up their own businesses

B．immigrants work as replacements for native workers

C．a large number of immigrants flood into a certain area

D．the destination country is suffering from economic depression

3. On what basis does immigration benefit the society?

A．How skilled immigrants are.

B．How much immigrants make up the local population.

C．How good the destination economy is.

D．How integrated immigrants are into local society.

4. In the last paragraph, the author says “The stakes are high” to emphasize the importance of ______.

A．immigration	B．integration
C．contribution	D．second-generation

【推荐2】Getting old might not be something that's yet to cross your mind. But ageing is unavoidably going to get the better of us one day. And that’s why scientists are constantly seeking out evidence that will show us what we need to do to achieve longevity.

We all know that regular exercise is good for us. In recent years, although we've been told to aim to walk 10,000 steps a day to remain healthy, other advice to do three quick and energetic 10-minute walks a day is thought to be even more effective. And the latest piece of research might put a spring in your step if you’re someone who walks at a fast pace. That’s because, according to scientists, the speed at which people walk in their 40s is a sign of how much their brains, as well as their bodies, are ageing.

Tests on 1,000 people from New Zealand born in the 1970s found that slower walkers tended to show signs of "accelerated ageing". Their lungs, teeth and immune systems were in worse shape than those who walked fester. And what’s worse, the study found not only did slower walkers' bodies age more quickly, their faces looked older and they had smaller brains.

This might be seen as a wake-up call for people with a slower pace who might feel it's time to work out get fitter. But it might be too late; researchers say they were able to predict the walking speed of 45-year-olds using the results of intelligence, language and motor skills tests from when they were aged three. They also suggest that even in early life, there are signs showing which people will go on to have a healthier life.

So, what's the point of knowing that a slower walking pace might mean a smaller brain? Well, researchers say measuring walking speed at a younger age, and understanding what this might mean, could be a way of testing treatments to slow human ageing. This might help us make lifestyle changes while we're still young and healthy. Any steps we can take to prolong a good mental and physical state is a no brainer!

1. Which of the following is considered to be a better choice?

A．Walking 10,000 steps a day.	B．Doing three quick and energetic walks a day.
C．Doing irregular exercise every day.	D．Frequently doing sports in spring.

2. What can be inferred from the passage?

A．Faster walkers will get fitter, be younger and have bigger brains.

B．People's health condition can be predicted from their walking speed at 45.

C．This study found that slower walkers age more slowly.

D．People who walk faster are more brilliant than slower walkers.

3. What does the underlined word "prolong" in Para.5 mean?

A．give something up	B．transfer something at random
C．make something last longer	D．put something off

4. What would be the best title?

A．Walking to Stay Young	B．Getting Old and Doing Exercise
C．Having a Happy Life	D．Slow Walking and Ageing

【推荐1】The world’s elderly population is increasing. The number of older people ---those age 60 years or older ---is expected to double by 2050 and is growing faster than all younger age groups across the globe. That comes with an increasing need for caregivers which can provide 24-hour care, not only at hospitals or nursing homes, but also at private homes.

Already, caregiving robots are programmed to ask questions a nurse would ask and can keep an eye on patients for falls. These robotic assistants are expected to become increasingly marketable and reach 450,000 by 2045 because of the expected caregiver shortage in the USA.

“Unluckily, the hard structure of present caregiving robots prevents them from a safe human-robot interaction(互动), limiting their assistance to only social interaction and not physical interaction,” said Ramses Martinez, an assistant professor in Purdue’s College of Engineering . “After all, would you leave babies or old people in the hands of a robot?”

Recent advances in material science have enabled the production of soft robots with deformable (可变形的) bodies or the ability to reshape when touched , but today the complex design prevents the use of this technology at home .

However, Martinez and other researchers have developed a new design method which shows promise in enabling the production of soft robots using a 3D printer.

“The soft machines move like humans. Their ability to change their body structure and movement to adapt ( 适应 ) to a wide variety of environments will improve caregiving greatly,” says Martinez .

The researchers are looking for partners to test and bring their technology to market.

1. What does the underlined word “That” in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A．The younger age group

B．The group of older people

C．The population across the globe

D．The growth of the elderly population

2. What is the disadvantage of the present caregiving robots?

A．They can’t provide safe physical interaction

B．They can’t communicate with patients

C．They can’t watch patients for falls

D．They can’t provide 24-hour care.

3. What do we know about Martinez’s new design method?

A．It requires a special kind of 3D printer.

B．It makes the production of soft robots simpler.

C．It has been put onto the market.

D．It is hard for users to master.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．The robot industry in the future

B．Effects of population ageing

C．Robots for the elderly created with 3D printers

D．The development of caregiving robots

【推荐3】Long ago, writing was done on the parchment — thin, dried animal skins specially prepared for writing. A group of second-year college students have discovered hidden writing on a page from parchments from the 1500s. They found the hidden writing using a special camera system they built. Surprisingly, finding hidden writing on very old documents isn’t all that unusual.

In fact, there’s even a special name for those documents: palimpsests (重写本). Parchment wasn’t easy to make, so it wasn’t cheap. Therefore, it became common to scrape the old writing off of a parchment and then use the parchment again for another piece of writing. That’s what creates a palimpsest.

As the saying goes, “Looks can be misleading.” The old writing that was scraped off of the parchment can’t be seen directly, but scientists have learned ways to use special limiting to reveal it. However, several young college students discovered palimpsests.

Last year, students at the Rochester Institute of Technology (R1T) took part in a class that brought together many students from different areas to deal with a project as a group. The project they were given was to build a special camera system that could take pictures using different kinds of light.

But just as the students were finishing up their project, COVID-19 hit and the students could no longer work on the project in person. Instead, they broke into smaller groups to try to finish parts of the project remotely. Over the summer, a few of the students got special permission to continue working on the imaging camera, and they managed to finish it. And they borrowed several old parchments from the collection at the school’s Cary Graphic Arts Collection. When they put one of the pages under their camera system to take pictures with UV light, the hidden writing was suddenly revealed. Under UV light, cursive (草书的) writing in French could easily be seen behind the fancy writing and decorations normally visible on the page.

1. Why were palimpsests created?

A．Parchment was costly to use.

B．Palimpsests were easy to understand.

C．Parchment caused environmental problems.

D．Palimpsests could be well kept for a long time.

2. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The appearance.	B．The old writing.
C．The new language.	D．The wrong information

3. What can we infer from students’ experience in the last paragraph?

A．The hidden writing was found by accident.

B．Students used their new invention to fight COVID-19.

C．Students would be highly rewarded for their discovery.

D．The hidden writing appeared only under colored light.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Light used for discovery	B．The value of old documents
C．Students build a special camera system	D．Ancient hidden writing has come to light