Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California, I’ve been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks. Like others, I have described it to people as “broken” English. But feel embarrassed to say that. It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than “broken”, as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked a certain wholeness. I’ve heard other terms used, “limited English,” for example. But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people’s perceptions(认识)of the limited English speaker.
I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, my mother’s “limited” English limited my perception (认知) of her. I was ashamed of her English. I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say. That is ,because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.
I started writing fiction in 1985. And for reasons I won’t get into today, I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with: the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”, and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese, her internal(内在的) language, and for that I sought to preserve the essence, but neither an English nor a Chinese structure: I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show; her intention, her feelings, the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts.
1. By saying “Language is the tool of my trade”, the author means that ______.
A.she uses English in foreign trade |
B.she is fascinated by languages |
C.she is a writer by profession |
D.she works as a translator |
A.impolite | B.imperfect | C.amusing | D.practical |
A.Americans do not understand broken English. |
B.The author’ mother had positive influence on her. |
C.Broken English always reflects imperfect thoughts. |
D.The author’s mother was not respected sometimes. |
A.rich in meaning | B.well structured |
C.in the old style | D.easy to translate |
A.The changes of the author’s attitude to her mother’s English. |
B.The limitation of the author’s perception of her mother. |
C.The author’s misunderstanding of “limited” English. |
D.The author’s experiences of using broken English. |
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【推荐1】Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents. However, it is not true.
Don’t argue with your parents. Don’t get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents possibly won’t consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can express yourself well if you are angry.
Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect for them.
Talk about your values(价值观). The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own.
A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try.
A.Go to some place to cool off. |
B.Try to reach a compromise(和解). |
C.Tell your parents what you care about, and why. |
D.Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. |
E.Showing respect will keep your relationship strong. |
F.Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. |
G.If you don’t think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. |
【推荐2】I stand outside waving at the car pulling slowly out of our driveway. I force a smile, hoping it will cover up my tearing eyes, but I know it’s not working. I run into the house, slam the door behind me, and begin crying. It’s just occurred to me that I can’t see my elder sister, Monsura, in the next four months.
I ask myself why it is that I’m crying when I know she's doing something good for herself. I feel selfish for thinking about it but I’d be lying if I said I was happy for her choosing to study in a university in Boston. When my brother, Shafat, left for college, it was different. I still had one sibling at home to call me the stupidest person on a daily basis.
I am reminded of the things we did together as kids. In our old two-bed-room apartment, our parents gave in to our constant begging and traded rooms with us for one night. It was like being part of the amusement park, using our parents’ big bed as a trampoline (蹦床).It was during the first night that I witnessed a full moon. My sister and I believed my brother. He said that the moon was yellow because it was made from cheese. We made plans to visit the moon so we could melt a part of it and make cheese dip. But now I laugh at myself for being so innocent.
Sitting in front of my computer, I listen to songs that remind me of my two best friends. I come to terms with the fact that there's no longer anyone here to laugh uncontrollably with me or to turn to at night when I have a nightmare.
I’m shaken into reality by the sound of my cell phone ringing. Shafat is calling. I pick up and he immediately says “Thank you for such a great childhood.'' Those few words mean the world to me. We three-way call Monsura and spend the next hour reliving memory after memory, and by the end, I forget that I’m alone at home.
1. Why does the writer feel very sad?A.She isn't admitted to a university. |
B.She has no one to accompany her at home. |
C.Monsura thinks she is stupid. |
D.Monsura and Shafat didn’t go to the same college. |
A.they hoped to sleep in one room |
B.they expected to see a fall moon |
C.they could play together on their parents’ bed |
D.they wanted to make plans to visit the moon |
A.That the writer’s brother left home for college. |
B.That the writer cried hard on the day when Monsura left. |
C.That the writer listened to songs that remind her of something. |
D.That the writer talked with her sister and brother on the phone, |
A.My childhood | B.A very sad day |
C.A hard-won family union | D.The most precious family love |
【推荐3】A parent-child relationship is perhaps the purest of all.
Give them your time. No matter how busy you are with your life, try to make some time for your parents.
Put yourself in their shoes. Whenever your parents say something that contradicts (与.....矛盾) your opinion, try not to simply agree with them.
Try not to raise your voice at them. These will be times when you disagree with your parents. It is okay to try to help them understand your point of view. However, raising your voice is never a great idea, as it will leave your parents feeling hurt.
Be open with them. As children, we tend to share every detail of our lives with our parents, but as we grow up, we filter out certain things from them. Try to be as honest as possible and let them take part in the most important aspects of your life.
A.Lend a hand with household chores. |
B.Call them every day. |
C.Let them know you want them to be a part of your life. |
D.If the gap is too big, you will become a stranger. |
E.It is also the one that goes through several transformations (变化), good or bad. |
F.Parents often feel lonely once kids go away to college. |
G.Accept the generation gap between you and them. |
【推荐1】Children learn language at a far faster pace than adults. One explanation for this learning advantage comes not from differences between children and adults, but from the differences in the way that people talk to children and adults.
A team of researchers developed a method to experimentally evaluate how parents use what they know about their children’s language when they talk to them. They have found that parents have models of their children’s language knowledge, and use these models to adjust the language they use when speaking to them.
“We have known for years that parents talk to children differently than to other adults in a lot of ways, for example, simplifying their speech and repeating words,” said Daniel Yurovsky, assistant professor in psychology at Carnegie Mellon University. “This helps young kids learn language, but we don’t know whether parents change the way they talk as children are acquiring language.”
Yurovsky adds, “Adults tend to speak to children more slowly. Adults also strengthen their communication with questions to see if children have understood their speech. As the child’s language fluency increases, the sentence structure and complexity (复杂性) used by adults increases.”
Yurovsky and his team wanted to understand exactly how parents adjusted their interactions to match their child’s speech development. The team developed a game where parents helped their children to pick a certain animal from a set of three. Half of the animals in the matching game were animals children typically learn before age two, and the other half were animals that are typically learned later. The researchers asked 41 child-adult pairs to play the game. They measured the differences in how parents talked about animals they thought their children knew as compared to those they thought their children did not know.
The researchers found that the caregiver used various techniques to introduce the unknown animal to the child. The most common approach was to use additional descriptors familiar to the child.
1. Researchers have found parents adjust how they talk to their kids based on ________.A.their own language level | B.the importance of the talk |
C.the closeness of their relationship | D.their kids’ language knowledge |
A.To draw kids’ attention to the talk. | B.To measure kids’ comprehension. |
C.To encourage kids to think carefully. | D.To increase the difficulty of the speech. |
A.They studied their ways to describe animals. | B.They required them to act like some animals. |
C.They asked them to comment on kids’ speech. | D.They limited their words used to talk to kids. |
A.When Children Should Start to Learn Language | B.What Lessons Adults Can Learn From Children |
C.How Parents Understand Children’s Language | D.Why Children Learn Language Faster Than Adults |
A few weeks ago, I came back from work and found my young daughter waiting for me in the hallway. She greeted me and laughed. As I put my bike into the house, she asked me to say the word---butterfly. So I did. “Butterfly,” I said. “Daddy,” she said, trying to prevent a laugh. “It’s pronounced butterfly, not bu-uh-fly.” It was then that I realized she asked me to pronounce the word on purpose. She was clear that the way I pronounced such words was different from hers. She ran off laughing aloud, almost as if she couldn’t believe her luck that I had fallen into her trap. This is her new trick. If I pronounce something in a way she is not familiar with, she will make her feelings known.
All of this is due to my London accent. And it is fairly obvious. Her trick first started when she asked how old I was. I told her, “I’m 37 years old.” She said, “Thur-eee? Not thur-eee. Thir-tee.” She shook her head at me in disappointment for I couldn’t get my basic pronunciation right.
My daughter’s obsession with my dropped “t”s is becoming wearing. I find myself paying attention to everything I say. And by everything, I mean e-ver-y-thing, not every-fing.
I tried to explain the concept of accents to her. Because she is growing up in Bristol, she starts to develop some strange West Country accent, like her pronunciation of the number two. It sounds like that it has an extra “w” on the end. She sometimes also adds a doing word to the end of her sentences, like “I’m going to the park, I am.” Or “Your pronunciation is funny, you do.”
She refused to accept she had an accent. She told me that she sounded like herself, which was true. But I want to make her aware of the importance of accepting that people say things in different ways and that there’s no correct way to speak. I wanted my daughter to appreciate differences, instead of wanting us all to conform to one voice.
1. What is the author’s daughter’s new trick? (no more than 12 words)2. Why did the author speak in that way? (no more than 10 words)
3. How does the author react to her daughter’s obsession? (no more than 10 words)
4. How do you understand the underlined part in paragraph 5? (no more than 10 words)
5. What do you learn from the text? (no more than 20 words)
【推荐3】When people ask how many languages I speak, I reply I have forgotten six. That’s the problem with languages: if you don’t use them you lose them. But a little practice soon brings them back and you can once again enjoy the magic of talking to others in their own language and on their own terms.
I was a disaster at languages at school. I obtained 5 out of 200 in zero level French — an all time record. I was badly taught and I could never see the point. But as a young Royal Navy soldier to Singapore in the early 1960s,I heard that in Malay there was one word for “let’s take off our clothes and tell dirty stories”. Suddenly I saw the point. I never found the word, but in the process I learnt my first language. In the mid-60s,I was sent to the deep jungle among the local people. In their long-houses there were dried human heads hanging from the frames of the houses. I decided I would feel more comfortable if I knew their language too.
Not long after that, I spent two years learning official Chinese language in Hong Kong. One day, at a party with fellow students and teachers I tried to make a small talk with my female Chinese teacher. “Have you ever flown in planes?” However, with my terrible Chinese tones, I made a mistake by asking “Have you by any chance sat upon a flying cock?” So you can imagine how I really felt inside my mind at that moment! You know what it means by speaking in such an uncomfortable tune to a female teacher!
Then I changed my languages and chatted with her in German, French and Russian in brief. God Heavens! My female Chinese teacher finally reacted and turned her red face to normal! Indeed this is the only time in my adult life when I haven’t been learning a language. Languages have changed my life-and enriched it. And I think they can change yours too.
1. In the writer’s eyes, the loss of using a language can be obtained .A.by practicing it more often | B.from a zero level record |
C.by learning the points | D.from a Chinese teacher |
A.he hated speaking Chinese with female people |
B.he didn’t learn languages very effectively |
C.his French tests were always a zero record |
D.his Chinese teachers taught him in a bad way |
A.would make the writer more confident of his Chinese level |
B.would certainly bring the writer a severe punishment |
C.brought the writer into a very embarrassing situation |
D.would make her think highly of his Chinese level |
A.warn people not to make any mistakes in official language |
B.advise people to try using more languages to talk with others |
C.suggest a diversity of changes of languages in people’s life |
D.relieve the tense atmosphere to make her relaxed |
【推荐1】Franco Bergamino is like a surprise “hidden recipe” among young people in southwest China’s
Chongqing Municipality, where the 62-year-old Italian chef runs a dessert house called Mimosa.
The dessert house serves wine jelly with green pepper cheese, jasmine mousse and peach-Oolong cake—fusion (融合) desserts that combine Italian specialties with local Chinese ingredients (原料).
Bergamino used to run two dessert houses in his hometown of Turin, both having a history of 90 years. In 2016, he settled in Chongqing and set up a dessert workshop.
“I especially like Chongqing, where the food and culture are completely different from my hometown. Life here is like ‘the other side of the coin’,” he said.
With the help of his local English-speaking friends, he overcame the language barrier and even learned some Chongqing dialects (方言). More importantly, he has got used to the Chinese table culture of “sharing food together”.
Bergamino said, back in Turin, frequent customers to his shop would buy the same desserts and they would be disappointed if they were sold out. The situation in Chongqing, however, is very different. Customers expect different desserts each month, and they would be disappointed if the dessert menu stayed the same, he said.
From 2016 to 2022, Bergamino felt a huge change in the taste of Chinese customers. “In the past, Chinese guests always said that my desserts were too sweet. Now more and more people have accepted the authentic Italian tastes. Mimosa’s consumers are mainly between 25 and 35 a group that is more willing to try overseas tastes partly due to China’s continued opening to the outside world,” he said.
“I hope I can live to 95 and still work,” he said, so that he can, besides bringing authentic Italian desserts to more customers having a sweet tooth, let more people feel the fusion of Chinese and Italian cultures in his desserts.
1. How does Bergamino like his life in Chongqing?A.It’s aimless. | B.It’s hard to adapt to. |
C.It’s stressful. | D.It’s completely new. |
A.It has a secret recipe. | B.It has a history of 90 years. |
C.It’s more popular with young people. | D.It’s a window of western table culture. |
A.Challenging but promising. | B.Booming but uncreative. |
C.More and more profitable. | D.More and more controversial. |
A.To add more Italian elements. | B.To promote cultural combination. |
C.To set up more dessert houses. | D.To expand the age group of consumers. |
【推荐2】One night I received a Facebook message from Laura, a former classmate. “Hey Steve,” she said, “I know you’ve always been an animal lover. I’ve just had a baby and I can’t keep my mini pig.”
Being fond of animals, I knew I wanted the pig. I just had to figure out how to make it happen. I lived in a two-bedroom single-level house in Georgetwon, Ontario. It’s tough to bring a pig back to the house I share with two dogs, two cats, and my lifelong partner.
But I was not letting that pig go. So I told Laura I’d take the animal. When I got home with the pig, I hid her in the bedroom, and began to prepare a dinner for Alisha —her favourite bacon cheeseburgers. It’s better to make her happy before introducing the new member to her.
When I led her to the bedroom and showed her the surprise, Alisha stood in the doorway like a statue. It took her a few seconds to know what I had done. She complained about my unreasonable action. She insisted there was no more room in the house.
I knew I was wrong, but I hoped I could smooth things over. Soon enough, the lovely pig did the smoothing for me. Never had we felt such joy as she brought to us. We got her a name “Esther”.
Esther’s arrival changed our lives. A few weeks later, we decided to stop eating bacon. We figured it was our turn to try to change the world for other animals. A few months later, we moved to a farm where we cared for abandoned animals — so far, six rabbits, six goats, two sheep, one horse, three cows and three chickens.
1. Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined words in Paragraph 5?A.clarify | B.continue | C.settle | D.improve |
A.To please her to accept the pig. | B.To make an apology to her. |
C.To celebrate Esther’s arrival. | D.To show off his cooking skills. |
A.She burst into tears. | B.She showed interest in her. |
C.She quarreled with Steve. | D.She was frozen for a while. |
A.A Small Pig Making a Big Difference |
B.An Abandoned Pig Finding a Warm Home |
C.A Little Pig Bringing Happiness to a Family |
D.A Lovely Pig Removing a Couple’s Disagreement |
【推荐3】Resting her phone on a stand and making the light more suitable, 49-year-old Lyu Min started her livestreaming session — her daily job during the COVID-19 outbreak. Dressed in a qipao, a traditional Chinese dress, Lyu started the livestreaming session from her workshop at 10 in the morning, sharing the art of making Chinese knots with many handicraft (手工艺) lovers. Lyu, an inheritor (继承人) of the art of making Chinese knots, which is listed as an intangible (非物质) cultural heritage, became a livestreaming host.
“Though the sales of Chinese knots have dropped a lot, I’m still confident that I can get out of the trouble brought by the outbreak. I can make full use of this period to improve my skills and develop this traditional handicraft online,” she said. Lyu is quite new to the world of livestreaming, having bought all the necessary equipment (设备) after following her friends advice. She practises livestreaming every day and records a large number of educational videos. As face-to-face interaction is still impractical for many, even as the outbreak has been largely brought under control in China, she thinks livestreaming classes can meet more Chinese knot lovers’ needs to learn the handicraft.
She has integrated the anti-epidemic spirit into her works, expressing the determination (决心) and confidence of the Chinese people to win against the COVID-19. “I love Wuhan, where I showed my works in 2019. Chinese knots are popular among many local people, and I made lots of friends there,” Lyu said. She designed a special Chinese knot to express her thanks to the medics who were sent to support Wuhan several months ago.
She has more than 200 followers right now. There are more and more Chinese knot lovers on her online platform. She is using a length of colored string and determination to keep this traditional art of Chinese knots alive online and help more people understand the culture.
1. The underlined word “livestreaming” in Paragraph 1 is close to “_______”.A.sending out while happening | B.equipment for recording videos |
C.sending out after recording | D.equipment for making handicrafts |
A.Lyu Min advised her friends to livestream traditional handicraft online. |
B.Lyu Min’s friends provided the necessary equipment for her to livestream. |
C.Chinese knots sell very well in Lyu Min’s workshop through the Internet. |
D.More Chinese knot lovers want to learn the handicraft because of Lyu Min. |
A.Unexpected. | B.Hopeful. | C.Difficult | D.Doubtful. |
A.Having online classes during the outbreak | B.Introducing an intangible cultural heritage |
C.Livestreaming the art of making Chinese knots | D.Expressing thanks to the doctors and nurses |