Tim Berners-Lee is not the most famous inventor in the world.However,his invention has changed our lives.
He was born in London,England in 1955.When he was a small boy,Tim was interested in playing with electrical things.He studied science at Oxford University.He made his first computer from an old television at the age of 21.
Tim started working on early computers.At that time,they were much bigger than now.He worked in England then Switzerland.Tim was really interested in two things,computers and how the brain works.How could the brain connect so many facts so quickly?He had to work with people all over the world.They shared information about computers.It was hard to manage all the information.He answered the same questions again and again.It took a lot of time.It was even difficult for computers in the same office in Switzerland to share information.Tim also forgot things easily.Could a computer work like a brain?Could it "talk" to other computers?
There was an Internet already but it was difficult to use.In 1989,Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web(WWW)all by himself.This had a special language that helped computers talk to each other on the Internet.When people wanted to share information with others,they used the World Wide Web.The Internet grew quickly after that.
Tim Berners-Lee doesn't think he did anything special.He says that all of the ideas about the Internet were already there.All he did was to put them together.He says that many other people worked together to make the Internet what it is today.
Most inventors want to become rich.But Tim gave away the World Wide Web for nothing.He now works in America.He helps people share technology and wants the Internet to be free for everyone to use.Maybe he is the most important but least famous inventor in the world today!
1. What was Tim Berners﹣Lee interested in?A.Looking for jobs in different cities. |
B.Talking to people around the world. |
C.Studying how to connect computers. |
D.Exploring how to improve memory. |
A.Working on early computers |
B.Connecting different facts together |
C.Travelling to the office in Switzerland |
D.Repeating the answers to the same questions |
A.He made information sharing on the Internet possible. |
B.He made the first computer when he was 21 years old. |
C.He helped people understand better how the brain works. |
D.He invented the Internet and made it free for everyone to use. |
a.Tim worked in England.
b.Tim worked in Switzerland.
c.Tim made his first computer.
d.Tim invented the World Wide Web.
e.Tim studied science at Oxford University.
A.c﹣e﹣d﹣a﹣b | B.e﹣b﹣a﹣c﹣d |
C.c﹣d﹣a﹣e﹣b | D.e﹣c﹣a﹣b﹣d |
A.He is not famous because he is not rich. |
B.He has changed our lives and he is great. |
C.He did nothing special but make people a good life. |
D.He has made great achievements in memory research. |
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【推荐1】If you're planning to go on a diet, or if you suffer from serious conditions like diabetes (糖尿病), knowing exactly what and how much you're eating is essential. In this day and age, we have calorie and nutritional calculators even on our smartphones, but they act only as guides, whereas Panasonic's revolutionary new device, CaloRieco, actually analyzes the food on your plate and provides accurate information about in just a few seconds.
You've probably used calorie calculators before, and you know that they only offer general information. For example, a calculator will tell you the average number of calories in a hamburger, but it can't tell you exactly how many calories are in the hamburger. The same goes for nutrients like protein or fats. And this is what makes the new CaloRieco so special.
Displayed at a recent tech show, CaloRieco is a high tech device that uses light reflection technology to determine the nutritional values of almost any food and also provide accurate calorie estimates. All you have to do is put your plate in the box-shaped device and wait between 10 and 20 seconds for it to analyze all the food on there.
Once it's done analyzing the various ingredients in your meal, CaloRieco displays the number of calories, as well as the nutritional content on an LED display. According to Panasonic, the device is able to recognize the vast majority of foods, except soups and very dark dishes.
CaloRieco can also connect to your smartphone via an app, and send all the data about analyzed foods to your handheld, so you can access it whenever you need.
Panasonic said that its outstanding invention is aimed at dieters and diabetes sufferers, both of which make up a sizable market. Unfortunately, you'll have to wait a bit longer to get your hands on your very own CaloRieco, as the device presented at the show is just a prototype (样品) which needs to be improved. It's scheduled to hit the market sometime in the next few years, but the price remains a mystery.
1. What is special about CaloRieco?A.It is a high-tech device working as a guide. |
B.It makes use of light reflection technology. |
C.It only offers general information of food. |
D.It can present the exact data of analyzed food. |
A.It needs a long time to analyze the food. |
B.It can count the calories of all kinds of food. |
C.It can display the food data on the smartphone directly. |
D.It may be well received among dieters and diabetes sufferers. |
A.Smartphone. | B.App. | C.Data. | D.Food. |
A.It's perfect. | B.It's promising. | C.It's costly. | D.It's portable. |
【推荐2】Living robots can reproduce on their own in a dish. This is not a science-fiction movie, but the result of a new research.
Xenobots, a type of tiny robot, were first created in 2020, using cells taken from the embryo (胚胎) of an African frog species. Under the right lab conditions, the cells formed small structures that could self-assemble (自组装), move in groups and react to their environment. Now, the researchers have found that xenobots can also self-reproduce, according to the journal-New Scientist.
Xenobots step over an unusual line. Are they living organisms or robots? They are organisms because they are made of stem cells and can reproduce. But they are also robots because they can move on their own and perform physical labor, co-author Sam Kriegman told The Washington Post.
“People have thought for quite a long time that we’ve worked out all the ways that life can reproduce or copy. But this is something that’s never been observed before,” co-author Douglas Blackstone, a senior scientist at Tufts University in the US, told Science Daily website.
The ability to copy adds a new layer of potential function to the robots. Kriegman told The Washington Post that while xenobots are not yet commercially useful, they have the potential to offer a number of services, from cleaning up microplastics in the ocean to safely delivering drugs to a specific spot in a person’s body.
However, the creation of xenobots comes with concerns. Some think more advanced future xenobots, especially ones that live longer and reproduce, could out-compete other species, according to The Conversation, an Australia news media.
Researchers think these risks are manageable. “If you change the amount of sodium (钠元素) in that water to be too high or too low, they’ll die, ”Kriegman told The Washington Post. “If there’s a piece of copper, a kind of metal, in the dish, they’ll all die. It’s an extremely controllable, stoppable and safe system.”
1. What are xenobots?A.Robots first discovered in 2020. | B.Robots from a sci-fi movie. |
C.Organisms made of embryos. | D.Organisms as well as robots. |
A.Promoting commercial products. | B.Offering some household services. |
C.Delivering medicine inside a patient. | D.Cleaning up huge plastics in the ocean. |
A.Xenobots die hard in water. | B.Xenobots won’t pose a threat. |
C.Xenobots are made of copper. | D.Xenobots have a safe system. |
A.To inform us of the creation of Xenobots. | B.To instruct people how to use Xenobots. |
C.To warn about the danger from Xenobots. | D.To settle the arguments over Xenobots. |
【推荐3】In Thailand, gai yang—or grilled chicken—might not sound like the most extraordinary dish. Yet the necessity for customers to order it days ahead in Sila Sutharat's food stall (小摊) if they want to try some is a proof that ordinary things done creatively are far more attractive than extraordinary things done ordinarily,
One day, I stopped by a place where a man named Sila Sutharat was grilling chickens in perhaps the most extraordinary way possible. Unlike the coal-fire-licked chickens that are so common in Thailand, Sutharat's was cooked with the extraordinary heat source: the sun.
About 60 miles from Thailand's capital city Bangkok, Sutharat's solar grill—a huge, adjustable wall of polished mirrors—could be seen standing out from among the trees on a small side road. Depending on the time, you might see Sutharat standing in the back adjusting the chickens that sat at the center of the focused light—estimated to exceed temperatures of 200℃.
He was inspired, by chance, in 1999, when a tour bus with reflective side mirrors drove past while he was walking to his former food stall. Surprised by the heat given off, he was soon exploring ways to use mirrors to grll chickens.
It might seem a basic principle of physics to me, but Sutharat's creation had not always been a smooth sailing. "My wife thought I was stupid. The neighbors said I was crazy, "Sutharat said of the early days of trial and error. The first grill was built with 300 mirrors, but it didn't cook the food fast enough and struggled with cloud cover. So Sutharat decided to increase the number of mirrors to 1, 000 until a whole gai yang could be cooked in 12 to 15 minutes.
Without any of the usual blackened skin, the flavors of the chickens are far more pronounced. Actually, more and more people have noticed the difference. These days, you'll have to order days ahead if you want to try some.
1. What has made Sila Sutharat's food stall so special?A.The unique kind of heat. | B.The high temperature of the grill. |
C.The huge size of the grill | D.The good position of the food stall. |
A.Stupid. | B.Creative. | C.Complex. | D.Simple. |
A.Disgusting. | B.Different. | C.Strange. | D.Bitter. |
A.To explain how to grill Thai chickens. |
B.To advertise the delicious grilled chickens. |
C.To introduce Sila Sutharat's extraordinary gai yang. |
D.To help his friend attract more tourists to his restaurant. |
【推荐1】A bird went to seek (寻找) its happiness in the distance.
It flew and flew when it suddenly saw a little wilting (枯萎的) flower, whose face was full of smile. Not knowing why, the bird asked the little flower, “You are going to die. Why are you still so happy?”
“I am going to bear fruit and my dream will come true,” said the little flower.
Then the little bird saw it: happiness is a hope in the heart.
The little bird kept flying; it flew and flew when it suddenly saw a lame (瘸的) duck, which was singing a song. Not knowing why, it asked the duck, “You are so unlucky. Why are you still so happy?”
“Because I saw a little duck fall. And I helped it stand up again!”
Then the little bird saw it: happiness is a love in the heart.
The bird kept flying; it flew and flew when it suddenly saw a spider climbing a slippery wall. It fell off the wall for several times, but it went on climbing over and over again. Not knowing why, the little bird asked the spider, “You failed again and again. Why don’t you have pain but happiness on your face?”
“I am sure to climb up the wall if I try my best.”
Because it had seen the truth: happiness is not in the distance but in your own heart.
1. Where did the bird go to seek its happiness at first?A.In a far place. | B.In the forest. |
C.On the top of a wall. | D.Near a river. |
A.To become beautiful. | B.To bear fruit. |
C.To become strong. | D.To get hope. |
A.Clever. | B.Helpful. | C.Hopeful. | D.Faithful. |
A.The bird. | B.The little flower. |
C.The lame duck. | D.The spider. |
A.Happiness is in the heart. | B.Learn from the bird. |
C.How to be happy. | D.Happiness is in the distance. |
【推荐2】Throughout my childhood, I constantly dreamed of being an only child-having no one around to fight with, to share with, to grab the remote control away from me in the middle of a “big game.” But I have an elder sister, whom I have always called “Kicki,” instead of her real name Christie, because I used to have trouble pronouncing the “r” and “s”.
I started playing basketball in primary school. My dad was the coach of my team, and my mom kept score. So my sister, not old enough to stay home alone, was forced to come to all my games. I remember looking toward the stands for my mother’s approval and seeing my sister’s face, confused. It was obvious that she wasn’t excited, but she cheered along with the crowd anyway.
On the car ride home, my parents and I would relive the game. My sister sat in the back seat with me in silence, not knowing how or when to enter the conversation. Often, she would say, “Good game, Brad. ” I would smile and thank her but never took it seriously. She couldn’t possibly know whether I had played well or not.
It wasn’t until I reached high school that I realized how popular she was, and I was referred to as “Christie’s little brother. ” I played basketball in high school, and although Christie wasn’t forced to attend my games anymore, she still came to cheer me every week. In the last game of the last season, she came with a large group of friends. Printed on her shirt, in big bright red letters, were the words “BRAD’S SISTER. ” Suddenly I was embarrassed, not for her presence, but for my previous attitude to her praise.
Kicki left for college after that game. I finally have the remote control all to myself. However, watching TV alone has turned out to be boring. I went to visit her at college during a weekend, and as I stood outside her dorm, waiting for her to come out, a friend of hers whom I didn’t know walked past me and asked, “Hey, aren’t you Christie’s brother?” I smiled broadly and said proudly, “Yeah, I am. I’m Christie’s brother.”
1. How did Brad feel about being an only child when he was young?A.Boring. |
B.Awesome. |
C.Tough. |
D.Awful. |
A.She hoped to know more about Brad. |
B.She was interested in basketball games. |
C.She was too young to be left alone at home. |
D.She wanted to spend more time with her family. |
A.He treated Christie’s praise lightly before. |
B.He forgot Christie’s presence at his last game. |
C.He saw the big bright red letters on Christi’s shirt. |
D.He received unwanted attention from Christie’s friends. |
A.She was proud of Brad. |
B.She didn’t like watching TV. |
C.She enjoyed Brad’s calling her Kicki. |
D.She seldom went home during college. |
【推荐3】One Saturday in December, Annacarin Elf, the head of operations at Gothenburg City Library, just happened to walk by her workplace. Noticing that the door was open, she entered the library, and was astonished to see the heartwarming scene that people were using it like on a regular day.
It was scheduled to be closed for the New Year holiday. The people in the library behaved as usual. Many were sitting reading newspapers, some families were in the children's section and others were searching for books on the computer.
It seemed that Elf's colleagues had simply forgotten to lock the door, and because this popular library is usually open on Saturdays. visitors just assumed they could walk in. Elf called to check with her staff team, before announcing to the people present that the library was about to close. Then she expressed her regret for what had been done wrong and caused them a problem. It later turns out that 446 locals visited the city library borrowing a total of 246 books during the day. What's remarkable is that people checked out their books through the library's electronic self-service system, and that to date, all the books have been retuned!
Many Swedes have reacted positively to this uplifting demonstration of local respect for the library, a center that can be seen as a sign of the community, and what the locals did has strengthened their sense of belonging in their community.
Elf says, “Nothing was destroyed. It's amazing that Gothenburgers entered an empty library and treated and so lovingly.” The city leader has even suggested that this unusual Saturday serve as an accidental experiment to analyse the possibility of operating a totally automated library without staff.
1. Why did Elf feel surprised after entering the library?A.The library staff were in it. | B.People kept reading on holidays. |
C.People came in without permission. | D.It was used though supposed to be closed. |
A.She left the library open. | B.She asked the staff back. |
C.She apologized to the visitors. | D.She read books in the library. |
A.It displays community spirit. | B.It gives the library much uplift. |
C.It is a positive reaction to society. | D.It strengthens trust between people. |
A.People tend to show care for others. | B.Life is always full of the unexpected. |
C.Libraries can be automated sometimes. | D.A library can bring out the best in people. |