【推荐1】Today we will explore effective and ineffective ways to study for tests. You might learn that some study habits you used in the past might not be the best methods.

Rereading and highlighting (划重点) are common strategies that you will see in schools around the world. Students look at information they have already read in an effort to remember what is important. Students often combine (结合) rereading with highlighting. They underline important information in what they read.

Both rereading and highlighting are ineffective study tools. While better than not studying at all, they are not as useful as other habits. For example, with rereading, it’s maybe not that effective because you are not trying to actively get the information back. With rereading, what is going to happen is that it is going to feel like you already know the information because you’ve already read it. So, you have this sense of fluency that is leading you to think “OK, yes, I know the information.”

The problem with highlighting is that students have a false sense of understanding-similar to when they reread information. Also, there is a second problem that comes with highlighting. Students aren’t always aware of what the most important information is. So it’s possible that they are maybe highlighting details that aren’t as important as the higher level concepts.

So what should you do if rereading and highlighting are not the best ways to study for a test? One idea is to test yourself. Simple flashcards and practice exams can be helpful when you want to make sure that you have learned something.

Another strategy is to practice remembering the new information over time, instead of doing everything all at once. Regardless of which strategy you choose, you should know that effective learning takes time and it takes effort.

The next time you have a test coming, try to plan for the big day so that you can give yourself time to develop different study habits. And remember, rereading and highlighting are better than not studying at all, but there are better methods out there!

【推荐2】You're growing up. That means you're probably experiencing lots of changes，all at once. Your body is changing. It might even seem as if your entire self is changing. It can be confusing and even scary.    1     And it's good!

Growing up means that you can do more，learn more，and start to make your mark on the world. In order for that to happen,   your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow. Hormone levels change constantly，rising and falling.    2     But it's partly to blame for intense emotions，surprising reactions，and mood swings.

Because of the way your brain develops，it is somewhat   ruled by emotions now and through your teen years. As a result, growing up can seem like an emotional roller coaster！    3    

●Take care of yourself. If you eat right，sleep enough，and get good exercise，your brain will be much more able to deal with the stress.

●    4     When you feel your moods swinging or you're upset，or confused，some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer.

●Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed.    5     Plus， when stuff happens during the day，you'll be able to calm yourself quickly with a deep breath or two before you react. Your body is changing.

【推荐1】According to figures released by the Office for National Statistics (ONS), the U.K. has about 7.8 million families with dependent children, of which 3.7 million have just one child, compared to 3 million with two and 1.1 million with three children or more. The number of families today with just one dependent child is now 47 percent and will likely rise to more than 50 percent in a decade. As the ONS confirms, “It appears that families are getting smaller.”

One obvious reason for this could be that women are putting off having children until they have established careers when they are bound to be less fertile. But it could just as well be a matter of choice. Parents must consider the rising cost of living, combined with economic uncertainty and an increasingly difficult job market. And this trend may continue growing as having an only child becomes more normal, which seems to be the mood on the mothers’ online forum Mumsnet, where one member announced that she “just wanted to start a positive thread about how fab it is to have an only child”.

She had received 231 replies, overwhelmingly in the same upbeat spirit. Parents of only children insist there are plenty of benefits. Nicola Kelly, a writer and lecturer who grew up as an only child and is now a married mother of one, says her 15-year-old son seems more grown-up in many ways than his contemporaries.

Not all products of single-child families are as keen to repeat the experience. In a moving recent account journalist Janice Turner wrote about her own keenness to “squeeze out two sons just 22 months apart” as a reaction to her only-child upbringing.

She was placed on a pedestal by her doting parents, whom she punished with a “brattish, willful” rejection of everything they stood for. Desperate for a close friend she was repeatedly shattered by rejection and refers to her childhood as being “misery”.

Writer and clinician Dr. Dorothy Rowe, a member of the British Psychological Society, says that we all interpret events in our own individual way and there are some children who no matter what their circumstances feel slighted, while other children see the advantages of their situation.

However, the one part of life that is unlikely to get any easier for only children is when they grow up and find themselves looking after their own parents as they become older.

【推荐2】The world of work is changing. Are people ready for the new job outlook? A survey of 15- year-olds across 41 countries by the OECD(经合组织) has found that teenagers may have unrealistic expectations about the kind of work that will be available.

Four of the five most popular choices are traditional professional roles: doctors, teachers, business managers and lawyers. Teenagers cluster around the most popular jobs, with the top ten being chosen by 47% of boys and 53% of girls.

This selection is partly due to wishful thinking on the part of those surveyed. Furthermore, teenagers can hardly be expected to have an in-depth knowledge of labour-market trends. They encounter doctors and teachers in their daily lives. Other popular professions, such as lawyers and police officers, are familiar from films and social media.

Some parts of the OECD survey are disturbing. More boys than girls expect to work in science or engineering. The problem continues in higher education; with the exception of biological and biomedical sciences, degrees in STEM Subjects (science, technology, engineering and maths ) are male-dominated. In America women earn just 35. 5% of undergraduate STEM degrees and 33. 7% of PhDs. Things are even worse in technology. In Britain only one in five computer-science university students is a woman. Women are underrepresented in some important fields of technology; they have only 12% of jobs in cloud computing, for example.

Women play a much bigger role in the health- and social-care sectors. The problem is that some of these jobs are not very well paid. Home-health and personal-care aides had median annual salaries in 2018 of just over 24,000. Some jobs in health care are extremely profitable, of course. But another gender imbalance emerges here: women make up only one-third of American health-care executives. In contrast, they tend to dominate the poorly paid social care workforce.

The biggest problem in the labour market, then, may not be that teenagers are focusing on a few well-known jobs. It could be a mismatch: not enough talented women move into technology and not enough men take jobs in social care. Any economist will recognise this as an inefficient use of resources. Wherever the root of the problem lies---be it the education system, government policy or corporate recruiting practices---it needs to be identified and fixed.