The Great Wall, China
Stretching over 21,000 kilometers, the Great Wall was built to prevent invasions and has a history of more than 2,000 years. UNESCO in February 2019 calls it an absolute masterpiece, not only because of the ambitious character of the undertaking but also the perfection of its construction.”
But perfection isn’t protection. 51.2 percent of the Great Wall had either already disappeared or is at a significant risk of disappearing. Besides for wind and rain erosion, the main reasons for the destruction of the Great Wall are human factors such as tourism, construction, human contact and so on.
Pamukkale，Turkey
Pamukkale, which means “cotton castle” in Turkish, is famous for its shining white calcite terraces (方解石阶地)with warm and mineral-rich waters overrun.
Before being listed as a World Heritage Site in 1988, Pamukkale had been severely damaged by human activities. People used hot spring water to fill swimming pools, some visitors stood on the rocks and some even bathed in the hot springs with soap and shampoo. To protect the terraces, the Turkish government has decided to pull down the hotels and require all tourists to visit this site barefoot.
Great Barrier Reef, Australia
Home to 400 types of coral and 1,500 species of fish, the Great Barrier Reef draws visitors to Australia from all over the world.
However, the Great Barrier Reef is expected to suffer from increasingly frequent bleaching events, cases in which corals turn white and may die, according to a UNESCO report. The heat waves caused by global warming have killed half of the coral here in the two years, according to a CNN report. Pollution from industry developments and harmful fishing practices are also big concerns.
The Dead Sea, Jordan
At 423 meters below sea level, the Dead Sea is 10 times saltier than the ocean, meaning that the water is so dense, even tourists who can9t swim will be able to float.
But the seaside resorts built in the 1980s now sit kilometers away from the water’s edge, which has lost half of its surface area in the past 40 years. The damage is irreversible due to the nature of the mineral industry and the type of agricultural use that has drained the water.
1. Which are you required to visit without shoes?| A．The Great Wall, China. |
| B．Pamukkale, Turkey. |
| C．Great Barrier Reef, Australia. |
| D．The Dead Sea, Jordan. |
| A．Main reasons for the destruction of the Great Wall come from wind and rain erosion. |
| B．Pamukkale was damaged by human activities after 1988. |
| C．Pollution and the heat waves caused by global warming kill much coral in the Great Barrier Reef. |
| D．Half of the Dead Sea surface area has disappeared in the past two decades. |
| A．They are all famous endangered natural spots. |
| B．They’re damaged only from human activities. |
| C．They all draw the attention of the governments. |
| D．They’re all seriously damaged. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Jumping Clay
Grades: K-2
[Time: 3: 25 pm—4: 25 pm Tuesday, Jan 16, 23, 30 and Feb 6, 13, 27 (No class 2/20)]
Explore the Arctic and Antarctic in this creative hands-on workshop! Each student will create their own 3-D polar display including the landscape and animal such as polar bears, penguins and whales while learning about basic shapes and color mixing. Jumping Clay is an air-drying polymer clay that is 100% safe and non-toxic (无毒)! Beginners welcome! All materials included. Cost: $90
Vacation Destination
The ERfC Vacation Destination Center is located at Enfield Street School, 1318 Enfield Street. Vacation Destination is open from 7: 00 am-6: 00 pm on the following days this school year:
▪ December 26-29, 2018
▪ February 20, 2019
▪ April 9-13, 2019
▪ June 25-29, 2019
A variety of theme-based activities are provided throughout the day and include enrichment and recreational activities such as sewing, sports＆games, arts＆crafts and science activities. Daily fee: $45
ERfC Counselors in Training Team for High School Students
Students in grades 9-12 who are looking to develop leadership skills are encouraged to join the ERfC CIT Team. High school students will gain experience working with children in different age groups, discover new strengths, and learn team-building skills. Training is provided and summer opportunities will be available. Contact Melissa Shea at mshea@erfc.us.
Tonight in Thompsonville
Located at St. Patrick’s Hall, 64 Pearl Street, Enfield Join us for a free family dinner and a variety of family fun activities. In addition to a family dinner, evenings include hands-on educational activities designed for parents and children to enjoy together. Community providers attend to share information about health, nutrition, physical activity, education, and other services such as SNAP, Care 4 Kids, early childhood programs and out-of-school time activities.
1. What is the main purpose of Jumping Clay?| A．To guide children to protect wild animals. |
| B．To teach children to use clay materials properly. |
| C．To encourage children to improve their creativity. |
| D．To help children learn about the Arctic and Antarctic. |
| A．June 24, 2019. |
| B．April 12, 2019. |
| C．February 22, 2019. |
| D．December 30, 2018. |
| A．Jumping Clay. |
| B．Vacation Destination. |
| C．ERfC CIT Team. |
| D．Tonight in Theompsonville. |
【推荐2】Museum Hours
Wednesday: 11 a.m.–6 p.m.
Thursday: 11 a.m.–10 p.m.
Friday–Sunday: 11 a.m.–6 p.m.
Contact
Telephone: (718) 638-5000
200 Eastern Parkway, Brooklyn, New York 11238-6052
Suggested admission
Students: $10
Adults: $12
Adults 62 and over: $8
Children under 12 accompanied by an adult: Free
By purchasing tickets online you agree to pay the full suggested admission plus a $2 per ticket service charge. If you would like to pay less than the suggested admission, you may purchase tickets at the Museum’s Visitor Center.
The Museum’s collections were developed in the early decades of the twentieth century by such outstanding curators(馆长) as Stewart Culin, Herbert Spinden, and William Henry Goodyear with the generous support of collectors and donors from Brooklyn and around the country.
Continuing to build upon their pioneering work, the Brooklyn Museum has accumulated one of the largest and most diverse collections in the United States. Its holdings range from the ancient to the contemporary and include almost all the world’s main cultures, reflecting the long history of art.
The Museum is committed to(致力于) making its collections accessible to the widest possible audience. It is, however, a work in progress. We intend to continue to expand the number of works of art. We are making every effort to ensure that the information provided about our collection is accurate and up-to-date.
1. When can people visit the museum?| A．At 10 a.m. on Wednesday. | B．At 7 p.m. on Thursday. |
| C．At 9 a.m. on Friday. | D．At 8 p.m. on Sunday. |
| A．Purchase tickets online. |
| B．Give some suggestions about its works. |
| C．Book tickets by calling (718) 638-5000. |
| D．Buy tickets at the Museum’s Visitor Center. |
| A．Expanding the number of works of art. |
| B．Showing the collections to more people. |
| C．Offering accurate and up-to-date information. |
| D．Presenting the generous support of collectors. |
【推荐3】Of Special Interest to Freshman
Freshman Seminars
Freshman Seminars are small classes just for freshmen, with some of York’s most distinguished teachers. Some seminars provide an introduction to a particular field of study; others take an interdisciplinary (跨学科的) approach to a variety of topics. All seminars provide a friendly environment for developing relationships with teachers and other students.
STARS
STARS (Science, Technology, and Research Scholars) provides undergraduates of every year with an opportunity to combine research and course-based study. The program offers research opportunities and support to students historically disadvantaged in the fields of natural science and quantitative reasoning, such as racial and ethnic minorities, women, and the physically challenged. More than 100 students each year participate in STARS, during the academic year or over the summer months.
Academic Advising
Academic Advising is a collective effort by the residential colleges, academic departments and various offices connected to York University Dean’s (院长的) office. Students’ primary academic advisors are their residential college deans, to whom they may always turn for academic and personal advice. The deans live in residential colleges and supervise the advising networks in the college. Each academic department has a director of undergraduate studies (DUS) who can discuss with students the department’s course offerings and requirements for majors.
Perspectives on Science and Engineering
Perspectives on Science and Engineering is a lecture and discussion course for about 75 selected freshmen who have exceptionally strong backgrounds in science or mathematics. The yearlong course explores a broad range of topics, exposes students to questions at the frontiers of science, and connects the first-year students to York’s Scientific Community.
1. An African female freshman seeking opportunities of research is most likely to choose __________.| A．Academic Advising | B．Freshman Seminars |
| C．Perspectives on Science and Engineering | D．STARS |
| A．Directors of academic departments live with students there. |
| B．The college deans serve as the central figures in an advising network. |
| C．Directors of undergraduate studies of most majors work together there. |
| D．The college deans engage in scientific research with selected freshmen. |
| A．A medalist of the International Mathematical Olympiad. |
| B．The one who has already got a novel published. |
| C．The one who has designed an original engineering project. |
| D．An applicant for York’s Scientific Community. |
【推荐1】In April 2018, a group of Canadian scientists flying in a helicopter (直升飞机) discovered something they didn't expect to see — a huge, unknown cave with an opening the size of a football field.
The cave was discovered in the northern part of Wells Gray Provincial Park, in a wild, faraway area of Canada's Cariboo Mountains. The area is hard to get to and even harder to travel through. It is covered with snow for much of the year.
The group told Catherine Hickson, a scientist who studies rocks, about the cave. Dr. Hickson got a team of researchers together to study it. In September, they went for a closer look after most of the snow melted (融化). The cave is one of the largest in Canada. Not only is the opening to the cave larger than a football field, the cave is also deep. The team couldn't measure (测量) all the way to the bottom, but they think it may be more than 180 meters deep. The cave is tens of thousands of years old. But the rock in the cave is made of used to be at the bottom of an ocean (海洋). It is hundreds of millions of years old.
A small, but fast river of melting snow leads into the cave on one side, creating a waterfall near the top and a river at the bottom. The water comes out again a long way away. The exit (出口) is about 2.1 kilometers away and about l/2 kilometer lower down.
The cave will have to wait to get an official name. For now, the cave is being called "Sarlacc's Pit "because it looks similar to the home of the Sarlacc, a person in the Star Wars movie Return of the Jedi.
For Dr. Hickson, there's a lesson to be learned from the cave. "It shows you that you don't know everything, "she says." There are things yet to be discovered."
1. Why did the cave remain unknown in the past?| A．It is in a wild mountain area. | B．It has been there for just a few years. |
| C．Its opening is too small to be noticed. | D．The weather there is cold all year round. |
| A．The history of the cave. | B．Some facts about the cave. |
| C．The value of studying the cave. | D．The methods of studying the cave. |
| A．The snow. | B．The river. | C．The ocean. | D．The rock. |
| A．local culture | B．its discoverers | C．the way it looks | D．the name of a film star |
【推荐2】Thursday, two Russian submarines(潜艇) dived down 2.5 miles into the Arctic Ocean and planted a national flag onto a piece of continental shelf known as the Lomonosov Ridge. Rising from the center of the Arctic Basin, the flag sent a clear message to the surrounding nations: Russia had just laid claim(权利) to the vast oil and gas reserves contained in this underwater area.
After Russia, the United States, Norway, Sweden and Finland are all trying to gain profit. Projections show that the area of land and sea that falls within the Arctic Circle is home to an estimated 90 billion barrels of oil, an incredible 13% of Earth’s reserves. It’s also estimated to contain almost a quarter of untapped global gas resources. But long before this oil race began, how did the Arctic become so rich in energy?
“The first thing you realize is that the Arctic—unlike the Antarctic—is an ocean surrounded by continents”, Alastair Fraser, a geoscientist from Imperial College London, said. Firstly, this means there’s a huge quantity of organic material available, in the form of dead sea creatures such as plankton and algae, which form the basis of what will ultimately become oil and gas. Secondly, the surrounding ring of continents means that the Arctic Basin contains a high proportion of continental crust(大陆地壳), which makes up about 50% of its oceanic area. That’s significant because continental crust typically contains deep depressions called basins, into which organic matter sinks.
Here, it gets inserted in rock and preserved in anoxic(缺氧的) waters, meaning they contain little oxygen. “Normally, in a shallow sea with lots of oxygen, it would not be preserved. But if the sea is deep enough, the oxygenated waters at the top will be separated from the anoxic conditions at the base,” Fraser explained. Conserved within these oxygen-free basins, the matter maintains compounds that finally make it useful as an energy source for millions of years in the future.
1. Why did Russia plant a national flag onto the Lomonosov Ridge?| A．To tell surrounding countries its armed forces. |
| B．To show its advanced technology of submarines. |
| C．To show abundant natural resources in the Arctic Basin. |
| D．To claim its privilege to explore for oil and gas in the area. |
| A．Making a comparison. | B．Serving as a connecting link. |
| C．Analyzing the cause and effect. | D．Drawing the conclusion of the text. |
| A．Oxygen only exists in the top part of the ocean. |
| B．Organic materials mostly exist in the basins with oxygen. |
| C．Water containing oxygen turns organic materials into oil and gas. |
| D．Oxygen-free environment counts in the formation of the arctic’s rich energy. |
| A．What makes the Arctic attractive? | B．Why do many nations focus on the Arctic? |
| C．Why is there so much oil in the Arctic? | D．How does the Arctic Basin come into being? |
【推荐3】When you swim on the beach and sea, have you ever accidentally drunk the seawater? How did it feel? It must have tasted salty. So, why is the seawater salty?
Seawater is water that comes from the ocean. Seawater can be salty because it contains an average salt content of 3.5%. This is also a place for the salt farmers to produce cooking salt and other salt.
Some theories explain that seawater comes from rainwater that falls and flows through rivers and estuaries (河口) where the seawater will be fully filled and again formed clouds because the steam uses the help of the sun. When we talk about this, we talk about the rainwater cycle. But when the rainwater cycle occurs, the water that passes through the river carries mineral salts. These mineral salts are obtained from various places of the land starting from rocks and soils that the rainwater flows through, these remaining mineral salts make seawater salty, so the salinity of seawater is different in each part of the world. But it is certain that seawater is salty or has high salinity.
The saltiest sea in the world is the Red Sea. There the temperature is extremely hot so that evaporation (蒸发) is greatly carried out. High evaporation, coupled with little rainfall and little input of water from the river, causes its highest level of salinity. There is also the Dead Sea, which is nine times saltier. Due to the high salinity, when you swim there, you can float. However, the Dead Sea is not a sea at all which is a lake geographically.
1. What’s the purpose of paragraph 1?| A．To draw a conclusion. |
| B．To make the article interesting. |
| C．To introduce a famous beach. |
| D．To bring in the topic. |
| A．Land. | B．Ocean. | C．Rain. | D．Cloud. |
| A．Its salinity is higher than that of the Dead Sea. |
| B．The climate there causes the highest salt level. |
| C．People are in danger when they swim there. |
| D．The land around it contains the most salt. |
| A．The reason why the seawater tastes salty |
| B．The reason why the Dead Sea is not a sea |
| C．The reason why the rainwater cycle occurs |
| D．The reason why the sea looks blue and green |
【推荐1】When you think of the Arctic, you imagine an icy land of pure white snow. Others imagine it as the last really clean place left on earth. We have polluted the deepest oceans with plastic rubbish. “And now”, CNN says, “It's the Arctic's turn.”
German scientists have recently found microplastics (微塑料) in Arctic snow. Microplastics are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. Sadly, the scientists found 1800 pieces of microplastics per liter of snow.
How is plastic pollution reaching the Arctic? According to scientists, “It's clear that most of the microplastics in the snow come from the air.” They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by the wind, just like dust. They mix with ice in the air and fall to the ground as snow. Finding these plastics in Arctic snow means that we may breathe them in.
Are they bad for us? Scientists cannot answer this question for now, according to the WHO. We do know that our bodies cannot take in “large” pieces of microplastics. However, if the plastics are small enough, they can find ways into our bodies and stay there for a long time, which can be bad for our health. What's more, earlier studies have shown that microplastics may contribute to lung cancer risk.
Microplastics have also been found in rivers and oceans around the world. Earlier research has found that they flow over long distances and into our oceans, hurting ecosystems along the way. They start in our wastewater, then flow into rivers and out to the sea, where they are eaten by sea animals. If people then eat these animals, it means that we're eating the plastic as well.
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?| A．The Arctic has been polluted by plastic rubbish |
| B．The Arctic is an icy land of pure white snow. |
| C．The Arctic is a beautiful icy land with clean air. |
| D．The Arctic is the last rally clean place left on earth |
| A．From water. | B．From air. | C．From wind. | D．From food. |
| A．Reduce. | B．Donate. | C．Cause. | D．Help. |
| A．By advising us to drink clean water. |
| B．By asking people not to eat sea animals. |
| C．By showing the beauty of Arctic. |
| D．By telling the seriousness of plastic pollution. |
【推荐2】Many people have realized that air pollution can cause damage to people’s health.
How does pollution affect animals？
All animals, whatever their size, can be affected by pollution. Experts agree that pollution affects animals in the same way as it does humans.
Types of air pollution.
Acid Rain (酸雨)—When water drops in clouds combine with acidic air pollutants, the water turns acidic.
Global Warming—The planet is warming due to greenhouses gases, which include carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor. These gases are released into the atmosphere from air pollution.
You can keep the pets in your home safe from air pollutants by keeping fresh air entering your room and purifying (净化) air with equipment. Unfortunately, this doesn’t protect wildlife, but it’s a step in the right direction to protect your beloved pet’s health. Besides, you should also use less energy, reuse and recycle as much as possible.
| A．How to help protect animals？ |
| B．Useful equipment to protect wildlife. |
| C．Air pollution is a major global concern. |
| D．However, most don’t realize the pollution can affect animals. |
| E．Global Warming impacts the health of both animals and humans. |
| F．Once the water drops down, acid rain causes damage to the environment. |
| G．The pollutants that animals breathe in can be collected in their tissues (组织) over time. |
【推荐3】One of the two major types of smog - consisting of smoke fog, sulfur dioxide (二氧化硫), sulfuric acid, ash, and soot (煤烟) -is called London smog. Indeed, the word smog is thought to have originated in England in 1905 as a short form of the words “smoke” and “fog.”
Probably the worst case of smog in history started in London on Thursday, 4 December, 1952.
Saturday was a day of darkness. For twenty miles around London, no light came through the smog. The air was cold and still.
By the time a light wind cleared the air on Tuesday, 9 December, more than 4,000 deaths had been caused by the smog. This is more people than were ever killed in any single hurricane, mine disaster, shipwreck, or airplane crash.
| A．Where does “smog” come from? |
| B．Soot and ash can be removed in a scientific way. |
| C．And the coal fires continued to bum throughout the weekend. |
| D．A large cold air mass moved into the valley of the Thames River. |
| E．The factories added their smoke and chemical gas to the atmosphere. |
| F．This is more people than were killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. |
| G．The city’s hospitals were overflowing with patients with breathing-related diseases. |
【推荐1】A dam is a man-made structure built across a river. Most dams are built to control a river’s water flow, improve navigation and control flooding. However, some dams are built to produce hydro-electric power.
Hydro-electric power is produced as water passes through a dam, and into a river below. The more water that passes through a dam, the more energy that is produced. Once a dam is built, a man-made lake is created behind the dam.
Electricity is produced by a kind of equipment called a turbine(涡轮机).Turbines contain metal coils(线圈)surrounded by magnets(磁铁). When the magnets move round rapidly over the metal coils, electricity is produced. Turbines are located inside dams. The falling water makes the magnets go around the coils.
Dams provide clean energy, but they can also harm the environment. Species that use rivers to reproduce are often hurt by dams. In the northwest of the US, the population of fishes has dropped from 16 million to 2.5 million since hydro-electric plants were built on the Columbia River. Dams all over the world have hurt some species.
The highest dam in the United States is located near Oroville, California. The Oroville Dam towers 230 meters and is more than a mile wide. This dam was built in 1968, 22 years after the Hoover Dam. The Hoover Dam, on the Nevada-Arizona border controls the Colorado River. It is 221 meters high and has 2.6 million hectare-meter(公顷)of water.
The highest dam in the world is the Nurek Dam on the Vakhsh River in Tajikistan, a country in central Asia. This dam is 300 meters tall.
1. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of a dam according to the passage?| A．To control a river’s water flow. |
| B．To produce hydro—electric power. |
| C．To improve navigation and to control flooding. |
| D．To reduce the population of some species of animals. |
| A．what a turbine is and how it works |
| B．how hydro-electric power is produced |
| C．how the magnets and the metal coils work |
| D．how the falling water passes through a turbine |
| A．The Nurek Dam. | B．The Oroville Dam. |
| C．The Vakhsh Dam. | D．The Hoover Dam. |
| A．Live in. | B．Find food. |
| C．Produce young animals. | D．Make the same photograph. |
【推荐2】Named “America’s Finest City” due to its hospitality, beauty and ideal climate, San Diego is located on the border with Mexico. The residents are so active outdoors that it is called “Sportstown, the U.S.A.” San Diego’s 70 miles of beaches are a heaven for swimmers, surfers, divers, boaters and sunbathers. Another favourite outside activity is golf. With 100 courses (about 50 of them public), San Diego is a golfer’s paradise.
Many San Diego residents came here first as tourists who were attracted by San Diego’s sunny beaches, nearby mountains and deserts, plus the cultural delights of any big city. The world-famous San Diego Zoo, Sea World, Wild Animal Park, museums, conceits and other attractions bring visitors from around the world.
The zoo is home to some 4,000 animals, including the world’s largest collection of parrots. Animals are displayed in natural settings, and there is a petting zoo for children. By contrast, the Wild Animal Park is a wildlife preserve with an area of over 2,000 acres and more than 3,000 free-roaming (漫步) animals in natural habitats.
In addition to housing the zoo, Balboa Park is home to several museums and attractions, including an aerospace museum, an art and history museum, the Old Globe Theatre, science museums and even a railroad museum. Free concerts are offered frequently. Another popular attraction is Sea World, a 150-acre marine park.
San Diego’s varied attractions, as well as its business climate, offer many opportunities for students to explore the local culture, meet people from around the world, and gain business experience. At San Diego State University, for example, students in the American Language Institute’s study tour program learn English both in the classroom and while sightseeing.
1. The residents of San Diego probably like to _____.| A．have sports outdoors |
| B．travel to other places |
| C．stay at home |
| D．stay outdoors all day |
| A．it was more convenient to live there |
| B．they were attracted by its beauty and culture |
| C．they could make money from tourism there |
| D．it was a quiet place to enjoy themselves |
| A．The parrots. |
| B．The art and history museum. |
| C．The petting zoo. |
| D．The Old Globe Theatre. |
| A．San Diego is a good place for students to gain practical experience |
| B．San Diego State University is most famous for language studies |
| C．San Diego is not a good place to do business |
| D．students at San Diego State University don’t have to work hard |
The Azores is a region of Portugal that’s made up of nine volcanic islands in the North Atlantic Ocean. Compared to many island destinations, the Azores isn’t touristy, noisy, or polluted. Instead, travelers can expect to discover untouched nature, fantastic views, and charming villages with rich cultural traditions. Here are the key details you should know to begin planning your trip to the Azores.
Must-See Attractions
Nature lovers will be thrilled to discover all of the outdoor trips available to them in the Azores, This is a main spot for hiking, diving, fishing, and whale watching. Some of the top outdoor sights to see include the calderas of Lagoa das Sete Cidades and Lagoa das Fumas and Pico Island, where you can climb the tallest mountain in Portugal. Sao Miguel is the biggest and most populated island, and there are lots of historic homes, restaurants, hotels, and shops here.
If You Have Time
Try to visit the Pori of Angra in Terceira, which is a World Heritage Site and close to the hundreds of traditional bullfights that are held every summer. Head to the most westerly island of Flores to see the beautiful coast lined with wildflowers and sheep.
Free Things to Do
• Visit the beach to take a dip in the comfortable 70-degree water
• Take the five-hour trek lo the peak of volcanic Mount Pico
• Go bird-watching to see some of the Azores 300+ species of birds
• Take a walk around the 15th century town of Heroismo to learn about local history
Transportation
The best way to get around the Azores is by car, and there are some really scenic drives to experience here. Buses operate around the islands, but service can be infrequent and unavailable on Sundays and holidays. Cycling should only be attempted if you are in great shape because the terrain is rugged and steep. It’s especially enjoyable to take boat to get from island to island, since most towns have ports and are along the shoreline.
1. What is the purpose of the text?| A．To report some scientific findings. |
| B．To convey an idea of nature protection. |
| C．To provide travelers with information. |
| D．To leach tour guides background knowledge. |
| A．Pico Island | B．Sao Miguel |
| C．Angra Fort | D．Heroismo Town |
| A．By car. | B．By bus. |
| C．By bike. | D．By boat. |
