Gardeners may be able to cut down on the amount of weeds(杂草）killer they use by dealing with invaders at specific times of the day, such as dawn, a new study suggests.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have discovered that the 24-hour rhythms of plants leave them more defenseless to herbicides(除草剂) at different points in their daily 24 hour cycle.
They believe the findings could help farmers by reducing crop loss and improving harvests. And gardeners could benefit from knowing which weeds respond better at certain times of the day. In recent years, pesticides and herbicides have been implicated in the decline of important pollinating insects, such as bees.
Dr Antony Dodd，senior author of the new study，said: “The research suggests that, in future, we might be able to improve the use of some chemicals that are used in agriculture by taking advantage of the biological clock in plants.
Just like humans, plants have evolved to take advantage of cycles of night and day, with certain biological processes turning on at different times of the day.
Scientists have discovered that many drugs work much better in humans if they are given at specific hours. Aspirin, for example, has doubled the impact on thinning the blood if taken at night as opposed to in the morning. The process is known as ‘chronotherapy’ and researchers wanted to find out if the same concept could be applied to plants.
Many gardeners already know that plants drink in more water in the morning because their pores(气孔) are open to take advantage of early morning dew and water vapour. At the break of the day, plants are also not busy producing food throughphotosynthesis(光合作用）.The open pores could also be the reasons that chemicals are more effective at dawn and also at dusk.
The air is also likely to be stiller at dawn and dusk, meaning that pesticides or herbicides are less likely to be blown away to places where they are not wanted. Pesticide labels often warn against spraying on windy days in case they endanger people or animals. Many insects are active early in the morning and around dusk, also making very early morning and early evening effective times for insecticide.
Commenting on the study, Dr. Trevor Dines, Botanical Specialist at the conservation charity Plantlife, said: “This is fascinating research which will be of great interest to many gardeners like me. If anything used to think the opposite was true - that applying herbicides and pesticides late in the day would be better as they’d remain in Vet contact' with the plant for longer in the cool of the night and therefore be taken up or absorbed more effectively. This research knocks that assumption on its head”
1. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “implicated in” in the third paragraph?| A．restored to | B．blamed for |
| C．limited to | D．composed of |
| A．The process of photosynthesis is most active in the morning. |
| B．Insects are more defenseless in the morning than any other time of the day. |
| C．Bigger pores on the plants make herbicides work more effectively. |
| D．The stronger morning wind blows pesticides away to more places. |
| A．Gardeners were interested in combining science with gardening. |
| B．A long time had passed before herbicide was applied in farming. |
| C．The old assumption about the use of chemicals proved right. |
| D．Many gardeners used to spray herbicides at the wrong time. |
| A．New chemicals have been found to help kill harmful insects. |
| B．Biological clock of plants could help gardeners use less weed killer. |
| C．Plants’ cycles can be taken advantage of to improve the environment. |
| D．The research on the effects of pesticides has enabled good harvests. |
相似题推荐
Build self-confidence. Young children have very little control over their lives. Imagining oneself as a builder of tall buildings or a superhero defending the planet is giving power to a child.
Help intellectual（智力的）growth.
Work out fears.
| A．Develop social skills. |
| B．Practice language skills. |
| C．Be willing to share. |
| D．It helps them develop confidence in their abilities. |
| E．Imagination can help children help each other. |
| F．Using the imagination is the beginning of abstract thought. |
| G．Playing roles can help children work out their fears and worries. |
【推荐2】Turtles have a habit of eating plastic objects floating in the sea, which may kill them. Many believe that it is because floating plastic bags look similar to jellyfish, which many types of turtles love to eat. However, lots of plastic objects that turtles eat do not look like jellyfish at all. Joseph Pfaller of the University of Florida doubts that the smell of sea micro-organisms（微生物） which live on floating plastic objects attract turtles to eat.
The kind of idea first appeared in 2016. Researchers at the University of California, Davis, noticed that certain chemicals, especially dimethyl sulphide（二甲基硫）, which can be found on plastics where micro-organisms live, are those which many seabirds sniff（嗅）to find food. These birds are more likely to eat plastics.
Since turtles usually appear above the sea surface and sniff the air when going to their feeding areas, Dr. Pfaller believed that they are following these same chemicals like those seabirds and mistakenly think that floating plastic objects are edible.
To test that idea, he and his team did an experiment using loggerhead turtles. They exposed 15 turtles to four smells: the smell of clean water; the smell of turtle-feeding food; the smell of a clean plastic bottle; and the smell of a bottle that had been kept in the ocean for five weeks to allow micro-organisms to grow on it. When sniffing both the smell of turtle-feeding food and that of five-week-old bottles, turtles kept their noses out of the water more than three times as long, and took twice as many breaths as they did when sniffing the smell of fresh bottle-plastic or clean water.
Though they have not yet tested whether dimethyl sulphide on the five-week-old bottles cause turtles to eat plastic objects, Dr. Pfaller and his team think it is highly possible.
1. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "edible"?| A．pleasing the eyes | B．suitable for use as food |
| C．holding the attention | D．concerned with actual use |
| A．Seabirds prefer the smell of the plastic bottles. |
| B．Seabirds feed on the food similar to the turtles'. |
| C．Seabirds produce a certain micro-organism. |
| D．Seabirds break up the plastics without difficulty. |
| A．To suggest a new way to study turtles. |
| B．To stress the importance of sea protection. |
| C．To introduce the findings on the cause of turtles' death. |
| D．To discuss the overusę of the plastic bottles. |
| A．Education. | B．Entertainment. |
| C．Science. | D．Health. |
【推荐3】Why Are Tigers Orange?
The colors of an animal serve lots of different purposes — for instance, to help them hide into surroundings and escape from being noticed by preys (猎物). For tigers, their ability to be invisible will just decide whether they catch dinner or go hungry.
As for humans, orange is a color used for items that need to stand out, like traffic lights and safety vests. That’s because we have what’s called trichromatic color vision, which differentiate three types of color: blue, green and red.
Mammals like deer are the tiger’s main prey, and their dichromatic vision means they don’t see tigers as orange — they see them as green. That makes the tiger much harder to spot as it’s prowling behind a bush or crouching in the grass. Although green tigers would probably be even harder to spot, evolution (进化) just doesn’t work with the ingredients necessary to make green fur.
| A．We share this style of vision with some mammals like apes and certain monkeys. |
| B．Then, why don’t deer evolve the ability to see orange? |
| C．So of all the colors they could be, why are tigers orange? |
| D．Orange fur makes tigers relatively easy to spot. |
| E．The same is likely true for dichromatic animals. |
| F．Colors of humans’ eyes are quite similar to many other mammals’. |
| G．Actually, there are no green furry animals. |
【推荐1】A planet the size of Jupiter has been discovered and it is one of the hottest ones known to us. This has made scientists think about how planets are formed.
Planets such as Earth have more oxygen than carbon, but what if the composition（组成）is just the opposite? This is a question opened up by a recent discovery of a diamond planet by US and UK scientists. The planet is 1200 light years away from Earth and was observed using NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope. Dr Marek Kukula explained that researchers initially used the Super WASP(Wide Angle Search for Planets) robotic observatories operating continuously, all year around. They detected the planet, then it was observed with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which detected the heat coming from the planet, and from that heat signature they can tell what this planet is made from.
The planet is very different to Earth. "It's giant planet," explains Dr Kukula, "a gas planet, a bit like Jupiter in our solar system. But the interesting thing that they've discovered is that it has a very different composition to the planets in our solar system. This planet has more carbon than oxygen." This suggests that there is more than one way to make a solar system and the range of planets in the universe could be much wider than previously thought.
Dr Kukula says that if there are smaller planets in the same solar system with a similar composition, rich in carbon, their rocks could be rich in minerals such as carbon and diamonds, unlike Earth which has silica（硅石）, the sand that rocks on Earth are made from. "This is where this diamond planet idea comes from; they haven't actually detected a diamond planet yet," explains Dr Kukula.it' s hypothetical（假设的）, "but you can imagine strange landscapes with black graphite rocks lying around and the surface could be covered with sticky liquids instead of water".
1. What planet has been discovered recently?| A．A planet with more oxygen. | B．A planet with more carbon |
| C．A planet hotter than others. | D．A planet bigger than Jupiter. |
| A．By its heat. | B．By its size. |
| C．By telescope. | D．By distance. |
| A．It is in our solar system. | B．It looks like Earth. |
| C．It is completely different from Jupiter. | D．It contains a lot of gas. |
| A．It is rich in carbon. | B．It is rich in silica. |
| C．It is rich in water. | D．It is rich in sticky liquids. |
【推荐2】At Cleveland Bridge, in Bath, a long line of traffic is building up. Although the Georgian structure was praised for its handsome Greek Revival style by Nikolaus Pevsner, an architectural master, it was built for horses, not cars. Repairs will close the bridge for several months, causing bigger jams and more pollution in a city where air quality is already a cause of concern.
Bath is an extreme example of a tradeoff faced by much of the country. Britain has the oldest housing stock in Europe, with one in five homes more than 100 years old. Period features are prized and often protected by law. Yet as efforts to cut carbon emissions intensify, they are clashing with attempts to preserve heritage. It is a “delicate balance” says Wera Hobhouse, Bath’s MP “What is the public benefit of dealing with the climate emergency, versus protecting a heritage asset?”
Two years ago, Bath was among the first British cities to declare a “climate emergency” when it also promised to go carbon-neutral by 2030. Yet Bath also wants-and is legally required to preserve its heritage. With Roman remains and Georgian streets that spread across the Avon Valley in shades of honey and butter, the city is designated a world heritage site by UNESCO. About 60% of it is further protected by the government as a conservation area, more than 5.000 of Bath’s buildings-nearly 10% of the total-are listed as being of special architectural or historical interest, making it a criminal offence to alter them without permission.
Many of the features that make Bath’s Georgian buildings so delicate also make them leaky. Buildings of traditional construction make up 30% of Bath’s housing stock but account for 40% of domestic carbon emissions, according to the Centre for Sustainable Energy, a charity. British homes are rated for energy efficiency on a scale from A to G; most traditional buildings in the city are an F or G.
Transport is another area where climate and heritage clash. Bath’s 17t-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently booted out of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare" of getting permission to dig up old pavements.
All this means going carbon neutral by 2030 looks hard, but the city is at least beginning to make compromises. In March it launched the first “clean-air zone” outside London, charging drivers to enter central Bath. A trial has made 160 electric motoreycles available to hire. And local opinion seems to be shifting in favour of sustainability. “The discussion has moved dramatically towards considering the climate emergency,” says Ms. Hobhouse.
1. What problem does Bath face?| A．It is getting more and more crowded due to the repairs that are under way. |
| B．Its historical significance makes it hard to reform it into an eco-friendly city. |
| C．It refuses to admit that the climate emergency is already a cause of concern. |
| D．Its promise to go carbon-neutral by 2030 wins no support from the city residents. |
| A．question the validity of the A-G scale |
| B．highlight the long history of Bath’s buildings |
| C．emphasize the buildings are not energy efficient |
| D．illustrate the features that Bath’s buildings share |
| A．failed to perform her duties well |
| B．managed to dig up some old pavements |
| C．succeeded in building bike lanes in Bath |
| D．removed charging points from Bath’s streets |
| A．Wera Hobhouse doesn’t care much about the public benefit. |
| B．Traditional buildings in Bath are not accessible to tourists now. |
| C．Local people in Bath used to favour heritage over sustainability. |
| D．Bath has been leading the way in constructing a carbon-neutral city. |
【推荐3】On October 16, 2021, the China National Space Administration (CNSA) successfully launched the Shenzhou 13 spacecraft using a Long March 2F rocket, carrying three People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps (PLAAC) taikonauts (中国航天员) to the Tianhe core cabin module (CCM) (核心舱).
Shenzhou 13 is the second crewed mission to the Tianhe CCM, the first module of the China's Tiangong Space Station, which is currently under construction. The CNSA announced the names of the three crew members, commander Zhai Zhigang, and operators Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, in a press conference the day before lift-off. Wang becomes the first female astronaut to visit the space station. This mission is scheduled to last six months, compared to the previous crewed mission duration of 90 days, which makes this the longest Chinese human spaceflight.
The Shenzhou spacecraft is largely comparable to the Soyuz (联盟号飞船) in its design and technology but the Shenzhou is substantially bigger at 9.25m×2.8 m. The spacecraft's first flight was on November 19,1999, and its first crewed launch was the Shenzhou 5, which was launched on October 15, 2003, making China the 3rd country to demonstrate human spaceflight capabilities.
The spacecraft has three modules: a forward orbital module, a reentry capsule in the middle, and a back service module. The orbital module has room to store experiment equipment, and is a space for in-orbit habitation. The reentry module is the middle section of the spacecraft. This is where the crew sits for lift-off and reentry, and is the only part of the vehicle which makes it back to Earth. The service module holds the life support and equipment needed for the Shenzhou to function. The spacecraft also has two sets of solar panels, with a total area of 40 m2. One pair is found on the service module, and the other on the orbital module.
1. What is the main task of Shenzhou 13?| A．To fix the Tianhe core cabin module. |
| B．To build the Tiangong Space Station. |
| C．To carry three trained crew members. |
| D．To set a new record of spaceflight. |
| A．It's similar to the Soyuz in some ways. |
| B．It's the largest spacecraft in the world. |
| C．It's last flight was on October 15, 2003. |
| D．It's spaceflight capabilities rank third. |
| A．The orbital module. | B．The reentry module. |
| C．The service module. | D．Powerful solar panels. |
| A．Science is developing extremely fast. |
| B．Space competitions are becoming common. |
| C．Spaceships are increasingly large. |
| D．China is growing into a space power. |
【推荐1】A review of 100 years of fossil evidence reveals that 100 million years ago part of the Sahara Desert was arguably the riskiest place on our planet,wih a concentration of large predatory(食肉的）dinosaurs unmatched in any comparable modern ecosystem on land. The analysis of fossils from theso-called Kem Kem beds shows the presence in the area of large-scale predatory dinosaurs,reptiles and other hunters, all living together in what was at the time a river system full of very large fish, rather than a desert.
Paleontologist Nizar Ibrahim, lead author of the study, said that the Kem Kem ecosystem was a highly enigmatic place,ecologically speaking, since typically ecosystems present a larger number of plant-eating animals than predators, and predators themselves will come in a variety of sizes,with one larger predator being dominant. In the Kem Kem beds,fossils of predators outnumber those of plant-eating dinosaurs, and several of the predators living together in the area, such as the Carcharodontosaurus, the Spinosaurus,the Abelisaur and the Deltadromeus, were as big as a Tyrannosaurus rex (T.rex) - one of the largest dinosaurs that ever lived. This is strange “even by dinosaur standards,” according to Ibrahim, since the T. rex, which was present in North America tens of millions of years later, was “the unarguable ruler of its ancient ecosystem.”
It is unlikely that the large predators in the Kem Kem ecosystem ate one another. What's more realistic, according to Ibrahim, is that they ate the abundant and supersized fish present in the area - fish like coelacanths"the size of a car” and sawfish that could reach 25 feet in length.
The study of the Kem Kem beds carried out by Ibrahim and a group of international researchers across the U.S., Europe and Africa draws attention to the importance of learning more about Africa,which remains paleontology's forgotten continent.It shows that African ecosystems"do not simply copy the ones we know from North America,Europe or other better-known places,"and it also reveals clues about what happens to life when dramatic changes in climate come into play.
1. What does the underlined word “enigmatic" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?| A．Dangerous. |
| B．Peaceful. |
| C．Puzzling. |
| D．Remote. |
| A．The T.rex was the real ruler of the ecosystem. |
| B．There once lived dangerous supersized dinosaurs. |
| C．There was an underground river instead of a desert. |
| D．The number of plant-eating dinosaurs went beyond that of predators. |
| A．Sawfish once completely dominated North America. |
| B．Coelacanths were much larger than the Deltadromeus. |
| C．The Carcharodontosaurus and the Spinosaurus lived on fish. |
| D．The Abelisaur and the T. rex became extinct at the same time. |
| A．African ecosystems have their uniqueness. |
| B．Humans have caused great changes in climate. |
| C．Fossils of predators proved to be alien species. |
| D．The Sahara Desert was formed 100 million years ago. |
【推荐2】When going through major life changes, like changing careers, I would change the people with whom I spent the most time. We’ve all gone through periods when the people in our lives have changed—graduation, moving to a new city, getting a new job, joining a new club, etc. I don’t think I need to convince you just how much influence other people can have over your identity. If you’ve ever experienced a major switch in your people environment, then you know that you change as well.
Most people don’t make these choices consciously though. You might consciously decide to spend more time with a certain friend, or you may ask someone out on a date to begin a new relationship. But few people choose their existing friendships deliberately.
There’s no “getting rid of people”. People are always dropping into and out of each other’s lives. Associations grow into friendships, and friendships fade into associations. You don’t get rid of anyone. The truth is that in order to make room for new people and new experiences, you may need to loosen up some of your existing connections.
What about loyalty? Shouldn’t you always be loyal to your friends? Once you have a close friend, even if their influence on you is slightly harmful, shouldn’t you stick by them?
Loyalty to a friend sometimes means having to let go. It means being loyal to their highest and best as well. If someone is destroying his health by smoking, for example, you aren’t showing loyalty by smoking right along with him. True loyally sometimes requires that you break damaging connections, get yourself back on solid ground, and then decide what you can really do to help your friend.
It can take a lot of courage to tell someone, “I’m sorry, but I can’t have you in my life anymore." But even though this might seem like a selfish act at times, it’s often the best thing for the other person too. If a relationship is holding you back in some way, understand that it is also hurting the other person. For example, if you work for a violent boss, your acceptance of that situation is considered to be silent approval, encouraging your boss to continue to behave violently.
1. When experiencing major life changes, people may ________.| A．join a new social community | B．influence their friends around |
| C．choose their friendships purposely | D．have their people environment changed |
| A．Everyone has at least one friend. |
| B．Friendship still exists though there’s less connection. |
| C．It is unnecessary to make new friends. |
| D．You ought to treat your old and new friend equally. |
| A．Never betray your close friends whatever happens. |
| B．Correct their mistakes while you guard their goodness. |
| C．Stick by your friends even though they do harm lo you. |
| D．Break up with your friends immediately if they smoke. |
| A．We should accept what we are told to do. |
| B．We should stay silent and be in favor of it. |
| C．We should bravely disobey him if he is wrong. |
| D．We should give our boss courage to continue. |
【推荐3】Math, Taught like Football
Growing up, I thought math class was something to be endured, not enjoyed. I disliked memorizing formulas and taking tests, all for the dull goal of getting a good grade. But my problem wasn’t with math itself. In fact, I spent countless hours as a child doing logic and math puzzles on my own, and as a teenager, when a topic seemed particularly interesting, I would go to the library and read more about it.
By high school, none of my teachers questioned my mathematical talent, but none of them really encouraged it, either. No one told me that I could become a professional mathematician. What I wanted to do then was to play college football. My ambition was to get an athletic scholarship to attend a Big Ten school.
The chances of that happening were very low. In high school, I was just an above-average athlete and my high school was not a “feeder” school for college sports programs.
That didn’t stop me from dreaming, though. And it didn’t stop my coaches from encouraging me to believe I could reach my goal, and preparing and pushing me to work for it. They made video tapes of my performances and sent them to college coaches around the country. It didn’t matter that I didn’t initially attract much interest from the big schools. My coaches kept picking up the phone, and kept convincing me to try to prove myself. In the end, a Big Ten school, Pennstate, did offer me a scholarship.
A growing body of research shows that students are affected by more than just the quality of a lesson plan. They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers, and they seek a sense of purpose. They benefit from specific instructions, constant feedback and a culture of earning that encourages resilience in the face of failure.
Until I got to college, I didn’t really know what mathematics was. I still thought of it as problem sets and laborious computations. Then one day, one of my professors handed me a book and suggested that I think about a particular problem. It wasn’t easy, but it was fascinating.
My professor kept giving me problems, and I kept pursuing them. Before long, he was introducing me to problems that had never been solved before and urging me to find new techniques to help crack them.
I am now a Ph. D. candidate in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and I have published several papers in mathematical journals. I still feel that childlike excitement every time I complete a proof. I wish I’d known this was possible when I was a kid.
1. Why did the writer think math class in school was “something to be endured” before entering college?| A．Because he wasn’t interested in math. |
| B．Because his math teachers didn’t care to push him. |
| C．Because he was too smart and talented for math class. |
| D．Because he was training hard for an athletic scholarship. |
| A．passion | B．constant feedback |
| C．a sense of purpose | D．specific instructions |
| A．was busy looking for problem sets to crack |
| B．began to realize what mathematics really is |
| C．met with laborious computations in his studies |
| D．studied on his own just as he was in high school |
| A．Feeling the children excitement. |
| B．Different mathematical research. |
| C．Generating curiosity and creativity. |
| D．Being a professional mathematician. |
【推荐1】Just reading Facebook posts——without posting messages or responding to comments——makes users feel bad about themselves，some studies have discovered. A 2015 study at the University of Michigan，for example，found that students who simply read Facebook posts for 10 minutes were in a worse mood by the end of the day than those who posted messages or commented on friends' posts.
Researchers think that users who only read posts may be always comparing their own lives to others' posts and feel they're coming up short. Or users may simply be missing out on face-to-face human communication.This is necessary and important for a healthier state of mind. "In general，when people spend a lot of time passively（被动地）receiving information——reading，but not interacting（交流）with people——they report feeling worse afterward，"said an unusual Facebook blog post.
The research appears to be bad news for Facebook，but Facebook itself is getting the negative news known to the public. In fact，the findings support the company's push to get users to be more active on the site，the blog noted. Research has also found that “interacting with people—especially sharing message，posts and comments with close friends and thinking of past interactions — is connected with improvements in well-being".
One commenter to the Facebook blog post noted that it's "no surprise that your conclusions-encouraging 'active' Facebook use—are connected with Facebook's business interests. It gives Facebook chances to persuade us into sharing, commenting, and posting more than ever—for our own good!"
The company has faced a lot of negative news about Facebook. Former Facebook Vice President Chamath Palihapitiya told Stanford University graduate business students that social media are destroying society. Palihapitiya said he felt really bad for the role he played in making Facebook so outstanding."We kind of knew something bad could happen."
1. What did the 2015 study mainly show?| A．Not all users considered Facebook useful. |
| B．Using Facebook in the right way could benefit us. |
| C．Not all people loved interacting with others on Facebook. |
| D．Passively using Facebook negatively affected users' moods. |
| A．Avoiding comparing ourselves with others. |
| B．Reading the posts on Facebook positively. |
| C．Interacting with others face to face. |
| D．Sharing experiences on Facebook. |
| A．To encourage people to use Facebook more. |
| B．To show Facebook's concern about its users. |
| C．To apologize to its users for the bad influence. |
| D．To prove the importance of human interaction. |
| A．Facebook has some disadvantages |
| B．Facebook is facing serious challenges |
| C．Facebook disappoints the public deeply |
| D．Facebook is improving some students' life |
【推荐2】Walking through a local park recently, I saw a teenage boy wearing a T-shirt that read: “Effort wins over talent. ” It reminded me of an idea I think about often, that if you believe you can learn new things and develop new skills, by working hard, you are more likely to achieve those goals. This critical insight was brought up by Dr. Carol Dweck, a Stanford University psychologist, as a “growth mindset”.
According to Dr. Dweck’s research, “talent is not fixed.” Studies by Dweck and others have shown students who have a fixed mindset see new learning experiences as a moment to be judged, not an opportunity to learn. This can make learning a painful struggle, leading many to give up. Students who have a growth mindset, on the other hand, experience challenges as the way to learn and improve. They see hard work as being about learning. Overall, they learn and achieve at higher levels, even when they start out at the same place as those with fixed mindsets.
While Dweck identified growth mindset more than a decade ago, her insights were not made up. They have since been backed up by brain science, made possible by new technology that allows researchers to see images of the brain at work. Studies show that, when a person responds to new and difficult material by engaging in a struggle to learn, the neurons in their brain grow.
Believing that you can grow your abilities through effort—that talent is not fixed—is crucial(要的). As Dweck puts it in her TED talk, we need to focus on showing young people the "Power of Yet” meaning, I haven't learned this yet, or I'm not good at this yet.
Growth mindset is an important idea for educators and schools, but it's also a powerful tool that everyone can use to help themselves to learn and achieve at high levels.
1. What does the underlined word “insight” in paragraph 1 mean?| A．Scenery. | B．Research. |
| C．Question. | D．Idea. |
| A．By making comparisons. | B．By giving explanations. |
| C．By listing examples. | D．By describing details. |
| A．“Wow, you are really gifted in maths.” | B．“I just don't understand it yet.” |
| C．“You are a clever student.” | D．“My talents determine everything.” |
| A．Why to develop a better mindset. | B．When to obtain a better mindset. |
| C．How to apply the growth mindset. | D．Where to learn the growth mindset. |
【推荐3】Imagine that you’re looking at your company-issued smartphone and you notice an e-mail from Linkedln: “These companies are looking for candidates like you!” You aren’t necessarily searching for a job, but you’re always open to opportunities, so out of curiosity, you click on the link. A few minutes later your boss appears at your desk. “We’ve noticed that you’re spending more time on Linkedln lately, so I wanted to talk with you about your career and whether you’re happy here,” she says. Uh-oh.
It’s an awkward scene. Attrition (损耗）has always been expensive for companies, but in many industries the cost of losing good workers is rising, owing to tight labor markets. Thus companies are intensifying(增强）their efforts to predict which workers are at high risk of leaving so that managers can try to stop them. Tactics (策略）range from electronic monitor to sophisticated(复杂的）analyses of employees’ social media lives.
Some of this work may be a reason to let employees to quit. In general, people leave their jobs because they don’t like their boss, don’t see opportunities for promotion or growth, or are offered a higher pay; these reasons have held steady for years.
New research conducted by CEB, a Washington-based technology company, looks not just at why workers quit but also at when. “We’ve learned that what really affects people is their sense of how they’re doing compared with other people in their peer group, or with where they thought they would be at a certain point in life, says Brian Kropp, who heads CEB’s HR practice. “We’ve learned to focus on moments that allow people to make these comparisons.”
Technology also provides clues about which star employees might be eyeing the exit. Companies can tell whether employees using work computers or phones are spending time on (or even just opening e-mails from) career websites, and research shows that more firms are paying attention to these things. Large companies have also begun tracking badge swipes(浏览痕迹)---- employees’ use of an ID to enter and exit the building or the parking garage---to identify patterns that suggest a worker may be interviewing for a job.
1. From the first paragraph, we can infer Linkedln is___________.| A．an e-mail | B．a job from the Internet |
| C．a professional social network | D．a world-famous company |
| A．The cost of losing good workers is rising. |
| B．Companies are stricter with workers than before. |
| C．Measures have been taken to find the potential workers who want to quit. |
| D．Finding new jobs has been a trend for most workers. |
| A．They don’t like their bosses. | B．Workers are always doing comparisons. |
| C．Not seeing opportunities for promotion. | D．To find a higher-paid job. |
| A．To make a review on a phenomenon. | B．To tell us the leader’s concerns. |
| C．To show a new trend in the job market. | D．To stress the role of new technologies. |
