Uni(海胆籽)can be found in Japanese restaurants. But what do you think about uni? It's not everyone's favourite food. Let's find out more about it.
What is it?
Uni is the Japanese word for sea urchin (海胆).Sea urchins are easy to recognize. They have long, thin spines (刺) which are dangerous.
Where can you find them?
Sea urchins live in seas in the world.
So what's inside a sea urchin?
Uni of course!
Describe uni to me.
A piece of uni is usually 1-3 centimetres long. When it has been cleaned, it looks a bit like a small tongue. It tastes like ice cream. The flavour is very rich.
If it is so rich, is it good for you?
| A．You should never step on one! |
| B．They prefer to be in warm water. |
| C．However, today it's used in other dishes. |
| D．Unlike most rich food, uni is good for you! |
| E．We are more interested in what's inside them! |
| F．Many people think that uni are the sea urchin's eggs. |
| G．Uni does not taste like fish, but eating uni lets people think of the sea. |
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【推荐1】The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, is perhaps the earliest and most famous example of botanical gardens. Over decades and centuries, many incredible botanical gardens have been established. Here is a list of them.
Orto Botanico di Padova
The Orto Botanico di Padova in Padua, north-eastern Italy, is the oldest academic botanical garden still in its original location. It was founded in 1545 by the Venetian Republic. It is spread across an area of 22,000 square meters. It is particularly known for its historical architecture, as well as the collection of 6000 kinds of plants. The astonishing botanical garden is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden
The Kirstenbosch National botanical Garden is located at the foot of Table Mountain in. Cape Town, South Africa. It is one of South Africa's nine national botanical gardens, which covers five out of six biomes (生物群落)，and the first of its kind in the world. It is famous for exhibiting native plants from different regions.
Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum
The Berlin-Dahlem Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum is located in Berlin, Germany. It has 22,000 different plant species. Among its different plants is a giant bamboo. This astonishing garden has a large scientific library attached to it. The complex has buildings and glasshouses.
Singapore Botanic Garden
The 74 hectare (公顷)Singapore Botanic Garden in Singapore is the only botanic garden that stays open from 5 am to 12 midnight, every day. Its attractions include Rainforest, Botany Centre, Tanglin Gate, Jacob Ballas Children's Garden and other gardens. It has the Tembusu tree, seen on the Singaporean five-dollar bill.
1. What is the special part of Orto Botanico di Padova?| A．It is in Europe. | B．It has the most plants. |
| C．It has a library. | D．It has some ancient items. |
| A．Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum. |
| B．Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden. |
| C．Singapore Botanic Garden. |
| D．Orto Botanico di Padova. |
| A．Asia. | B．Europe. | C．America. | D．Africa. |
【推荐2】When we go out traveling,we need either a map or GPS to point us in the right direction.But bumblebees（大黄蜂）have neither of these things,yet they still know the best route.Why is that?
It turns out that these hard-working little bees try many possible passages before picking out the best one and remembering it the next time they journey out.They learn from“trial and error”,according to a study by scientists from the University of London.
We use it all the time in our daily lives—trial and error is a helpful problem-solving method.It is the basic concept of“learning from your mistakes”.Most of the time,we fail on our first try,so we analyze the failure,make adjustments and try again.After repeating this a few times,we finally get things right.
This might sound a bit tiring,but it’s certainly effective and it works for bumblebees.
In the study,scientists set up five artificial flowers in a field.Each one of them was fitted with motion-triggered（运动触发的）cameras and had landing platforms with drops of sugar in the middle to attract the bees.
At first,scientists noticed the bees’ flying routes were long and complex.But after they gained enough experience,they gradually got to their destination quicker.Every time a bee tried a new route that was shorter than the route it had tried before,it was likely to use it again.Otherwise the new route would simply be given up and another one was tested.
“The speed at which they learn through trial and error is quite extraordinary for bumblebees,as this complex behavior was thought to be one that only larger-brained animals have,”Professor Lars Chittka,leader of the study,told Sciencedaily.com.
In fact,the smart bumblebees don’t try every possible route.Normally,they would only try about 20 out of the 120 possible routes to visit the flowers.
More interestingly,scientists found that if they removed a flower,bees would continue looking at that location,even if it has been empty for a long time.“It seems bees don’t easily forget a fruitful flower,”Chittka said.
1. The bumblebees are good at finding the best route because ________.| A．they have relatively smaller brains |
| B．their body parts function like GPS |
| C．they try out different routes and remember the best ones |
| D．they take the trouble of testing every possible route |
| A．using numbers | B．making a metaphor（比喻） |
| C．making comparisons | D．talking about human behavior |
| A．bumblebees try to keep their flying routes long and complex |
| B．every new route the bumblebees take is shorter than the one they take before |
| C．bumblebees are familiar with every flying route they have taken before |
| D．scientists find it unbelievable that bumblebees learn from their mistakes so quickly |
| A．Bumblebees are as smart as large-brained animals. |
| B．Trial and error is an effective way to solve our daily problems. |
| C．A new discovery about how bumblebees find the best routes through trial and error. |
| D．How bumblebees remember the best routes,small as their brains are. |
【推荐3】A new study from Lund University in Sweden shows that the presence or absence of moonlight has a considerable effect on when migratory (迁徙的) birds take flight in the autumn.
Together with his colleagues, Gabriel Norevik studied European nightjars (夜莺) and how the lunar cycle and moonlight affect the leaving time when the birds start their three-month-long migration flight to areas south of the Sahara.
Using miniature (微型) data loggers the researchers recorded the activity of 39 European nightjars over a one-year period. The result shows that the birds begin their autumn migration south about ten days after the full moon, and that the individual birds synchronise (同速进行) the migration and fly off more or less at the same time. “It surprised us that the lunar cycle and the time the birds spent in hunting insects covary so well. This in turn affects their migration pattern in such a way that they synchronise their flight so that almost all of them fly off at the same time ten days after the full moon,” says Gabriel Norevik. European nightjars use their sight when they hunt at night. In the moonlight they find it easier to catch flying insects and refill their energy reserves.
The birds migrate in three stages from northern European to wintering sites south of the Sahara. Each stage follows the same pattern: first the moon provides double of the light for the birds to hunt insects, and the next stage of the migration starts ten days after the full moon.
The researchers doubt whether other birds also adapt to the lunar cycle when they migrate. “We will go on to examine that and what effects this type of synchronised migration has on the birds themselves and their surroundings,” says Gabriel Norevik.
1. What can we learn from paragraph 3?| A．39 European nightjars were charted over a lifelong period. |
| B．European nightjars catch flying insects more easily by means of moonlight. |
| C．The individual birds start the migration ten days later than group birds. |
| D．The lunar cycle and the ending of the birds migration covary very well. |
| A．The birds’ migration has three patterns. |
| B．The birds migrate to northern Europe for food. |
| C．The stage of the migration starts after the full moon. |
| D．European nightjars’ migration is from August to December. |
| A．Nightjars’ habitat. | B．Absence of the moon. |
| C．Other birds’ migration. | D．Insects’ surroundings. |
| A．Migration Flight and moonlight | B．Migratory Birds and Autumn |
| C．Ten Days Makes a difference | D．European Nightjars Need to Migrate |
