Slang(俚语) is very informal language which is often used by young people. It’s hard to keep up to date with it as new words and phrases appear and evolve (发展). Living in a multicultural society has an effect on language, especially on the young, whose friends are often from a mix of backgrounds. TV and music also have a big impact. A complete list of slang is difficult to make; by the time it was finished, the list would be out of date. However, here are a few examples:
Safe, sorted, sound, cool or wicked all mean “That’s good” or “I understand”.
Instead of using different tag questions (附加疑问句) like “… isn’t it?”, “… can’t you?” or “… don’t they?”, people use “innit”.
For example, “He can dance really well, innit!” (= He can dance really well, can’t he?) or “They always say that, innit.” (= They always say that, don’t they?)
Instead of saying “very”, “really” or “completely” use “well”, for example, “I’m well tired” or “You got it well wrong!”
“Whatever” means “I don’t care”, for example, A: “But the teacher says we can’t leave until we’ve finished.” B: “Whatever. I’m going.”
“He’s fine” or “he’s fit” both mean “He’s good-looking”. Fine and fit can describe a boy or a girl.
Not everybody uses slang and not everybody likes it. A school in the north of England recently told its pupils to stop using slang words such as “hiya” (hello), “cheers” and “ta” (both mean “thank you”) if they wanted to get a place at university or a good job.
When British people use language like this, it’s no surprise that some say they can’t understand native speakers. But perhaps learners don’t need to worry so much. Research shows that most of the English spoken around the world today is between non-native speakers of the language.
So, how important is it to understand these slang words and expressions? If you watch films or TV in English, read magazines in English, chat online in English or are interested in English song lyrics, then understanding slang can be very useful. You probably won’t see much slang in your English examination, though.
1. Why is it hard to make a complete list of slang, according to the article?| A．Because many slang words are outdated. |
| B．Because it is mostly used by young people. |
| C．Because modern slang changes very quickly. |
| D．Because it comes from different cultural backgrounds. |
| A．It prevents language from evolving. |
| B．It is also spread through TV and music. |
| C．It is more popular in the UK than in the US. |
| D．It has found its way into formal written English. |
| A．Knowing little slang doesn’t greatly affect how one communicates. |
| B．Many UK schools are encouraging students to use slang. |
| C．It is essential for English learners to study some British slang. |
| D．More English is spoken by native speakers than by non-native speakers. |
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【推荐1】Jonathan Agnew recently described “unofficial interviews” as those where you agree that it’s “between you and I”. And a Times journalist wrote about someone who had “made Jenny and I feel so welcome”. They are both intelligent people with the ability to express ideas fluently and logically. And yet they wrote “I” where they meant “me”.
It’s happening more and more. We are scared of the mistake like “Terry and me went to the pub”. We’ve all been taught that it should be “Terry and I went to the pub”. Plus we’ve heard the Queen say “my husband and I” a lot. So we begin to use “and I” even when it should be “and me”.
But my point here is not to support the correct usage. It’s the opposite: I want to reject the idea that there’s such a thing as “correct” English at all. Language isn’t like maths, where you can show that two plus two is four. Language has no fundamental rights and wrongs, only conventions. You cannot definitively prove that any are “right” and others “wrong”.
Sometimes correct language sounds absurd. Look at Ofsted (Office for Standards in Education, Children’s Services and Skills) who came up with a new rule. Primary school children now have to be taught that “inverted commas” is right, while “speech marks” is wrong. You and I know that those terms are interchangeable. And the child who looks at those marks on the page can see that both make perfect sense. That’s because a primary school child is more intelligent than the Ofsted turkey who came up with this rule.
As the teacher who told me about the ludicrous rule pointed out, there is no doubt that in a few years’ time, the “incorrect” term will become the “correct” one. But the truly horrible thing about an education system like this is that it destroys children’s love of language. It tells them they have to worry about rules, instead of encouraging them to read and write for its own sake. Let them read for fun and they’ll absorb the rules — or conventions — anyway. Have them shaking in fear about English tests, and you’ll increase their insecurity about getting language “right”.
Then one day that insecurity will have them saying “and I” even though they mean “and me”.
1. Why do people use “and I” when it should be “and me” according to the text?| A．The Ofsted sets a rule. |
| B．“and I” is the correct English. |
| C．The Queen makes a similar mistake. |
| D．People feel insecure about using “and me”. |
| A．Rules benefit children’s language learning. |
| B．Language learning is more complicated than maths. |
| C．Language is based on commonly accepted rules. |
| D．A primary school child is smarter than the Ofsted. |
| A．Influential. | B．Particular. |
| C．Conventional. | D．Ridiculous. |
| A．Critical. | B．Objective. |
| C．Favourable. | D．Indifferent. |
【推荐2】Preparing for a job interview can be stressful: what do you wear? What questions will they ask you? Not to mention that, no matter how much you prepare, your interviewer’s first impression of you could be tarnished the moment you say a single word.
Surprisingly, the word is not “like” or “honestly” (though you should probably be careful about those, too). The word is “actually.”
Used properly, the word “actually” represents a contradiction. For instance, take the famous movie line “love actually is all around”: the speaker is contradicting those who think that it’s not. It can also be used to justify something: “That movie was awful, huh?” “Actually, I really liked it.”
You may wonder what harm a commonly used word like that could possibly do. However, we often don’t use it that way. When used a certain way, saying “actually” can instantly make you seem less reliable. Dictionary. com says that we use it as a “crutch word,” a word “that we slip into sentences in order to give ourselves more time to think.” Since using it this way adds emphasis rather than meaning, it automatically suggests that whatever you’re saying can’t stand on its own. Southern Living claims that the word makes listeners “subconsciously... question if there’s more unspoken information.”
Take this example: imagine you’re in a job interview, and your interviewer asks, “What was your last full-time job?” You reply, “I actually worked at Reader’s Digest.” The word doesn’t contradict or justify anything in the question, so there’s no reason for you to say it at all.
And it’s not just job interviews: Southern Living suggests that you stay away from this word completely. If you’re not using it to actively contradict something, and it’s just adding meaningless stuff to your sentence, avoid it. No longer relying on a “crutch word”, your statement will have more attraction.
1. The underlined word “tarnished” in paragraph 1 means______.| A．corrected | B．improved | C．damaged | D．ignored |
| A．have no words to say | B．need more time to think |
| C．may be more dependable | D．may hide some information |
| A．Disapproving. | B．Fearful. |
| C．Supportive. | D．Uncertain. |
| A．—Why do you choose our company? —Actually because of your good reputation. |
| B．—How do you describe your personality? —Actually I’m responsible and cooperative. |
| C．—What do you expect from the job? —Actually I hope to get more experience. |
| D．—What do you think of being a nurse? —Actually I love it though some think it’s tiring. |
【推荐3】Some expressions in English sound pleasant but actually are not, one of which is “face the music”.
Imagine a friend asks you to take care of her beautiful red sports car. She gives you the key and says, “Thanks so much for watching my car while I’m away. But please, do not drive it. It is an extremely fast car.” But you do not listen. You want to show off and pretend the car is yours. So, you drive it around the town. As a result, you lose control of the car and drive it into a stop sign. The damage is serious. When your friend returns, you must tell her what you have done and “face the music”. That could mean losing her friendship or paying for repairs to her sports car or both. Whatever the music is, you must face it.
The expression is more than 150 years old. In 1851, the writer James Fenimore Cooper explained “face the music” as theatrical term. In a theater, the orchestra(管弦乐队) often sits in the front of the stage facing the musicians. Many actors are very nervous, a condition called stage fright. “Face the music” came to mean accepting stage fright and not giving in to it.
Word experts also say “face the music” may have come from the military. A soldier who did something terrible could be forced out of the army. When that happened, the army drummers would play slow, sad beat. The soldier would be led away seated backward on a horse and facing the music of the drums.
There are other English expressions that mean the same thing as “face the music.” If someone says, “You made your bed. Now lie in it,” they mean you created a bad situation and now you will experience the result.
1. What does the underlined part “the music” in Paragraph 2 refer to?| A．The unpleasant music. | B．The beautiful red sports car. |
| C．The music played by the orchestra. | D．The bad result of your actions. |
| A．You have to go home with your bad exam results. |
| B．You will buy the sports car you like best. |
| C．Your friend invites you to attend a live concert. |
| D．You have held a concert successfully. |
| A．The origin of “You made your bed. Now lie in it.” |
| B．Some other expressions similar to “face the music.” |
| C．The true meaning of “You made your bed. Now lie in it.” |
| D．Other examples to explain the meaning of “face the music.” |
【推荐1】Human societies depend on healthy ecosystems (生态系统). People use their products in the shape of fish, meat, crops and fibers such as cotton and silk. Medicines may be directly harvested from the natural world or inspired by molecules (分子) and elements found within it. Through light reaction, trees and other plants take in carbon and pump out oxygen.
The services that ecosystems provide to humans depend, in turn, on there being a diversity of living things. More than 75% of global food-crop types, including coffee, cocoa and almonds, are pollinated (授粉) by animals. The complex web supporting every food chain and ecosystem means that the narrow range of species that humans eat and exploit cannot be sustained (维持) without the existence of a much greater diversity of animals, plants and bacteria.
When IPBES published its assessment of the state of global biodiversity in 2019, it offered a sobering picture. Roughly 1 million animal and plant species were considered to be at risk of extinction. These included many that are used in farming. At least 9% of the 6,200 sorts of house-trained mammals that humans eat, or use to produce food, had become extinct by 2016, and at least 1,000 more are threatened. And one-third of ocean fish stocks were being unsustainably exploited in 2015.
Surveys also show that the loss of biodiversity is the result of a combination of factors: climate change, pollution, human exploitation of land, sea, plants and animals, and the movement of some species into new territories where they destroy existing ecosystems.
Understanding a problem, however, is a necessary step towards solving it. And that is where technology can help. Ironically (讽刺地), it is humans’ use of technology, whether in simple forms such as chainsaws (链锯) or dragnets, or more complex ones such as modern agriculture and transportation, that is chiefly responsible for biodiversity loss. The challenge now is to arrange it so that it is not just part of the problem, but part of the solution.
1. What does paragraph 1 try to tell?| A．Great success achieved by human societies. | B．People’s role in reconstructing the ecosystems. |
| C．People’s wisdom and experience in exploiting nature. | D．Benefits brought by ecosystems to human societies. |
| A．humans and ecosystems | B．ecosystems and biodiversity |
| C．animals and food chain | D．biodiversity and resources |
| A．Saddening. | B．Comprehensive. | C．Concrete. | D．Thorough. |
| A．We need to rid technology to promote biodiversity. |
| B．Loss of biodiversity is simply related to human activities. |
| C．Technology is double-edged when it comes to biodiversity. |
| D．Climate change poses greater risks than loss of biodiversity. |
【推荐2】Recently according to a new research, humans have had a link to starches (含淀粉的食物) for up to 120,000 years — that’s more than 100,000 years longer than we’ve been able to plant them in the soil during the time of the ice Age’s drawing to an end. The research is part of an ongoing study into the history of Middle Stone Age communities.
An international team of scientists identified evidence of prehistoric starch consumption in the Klasies River Cave, in present-day South Africa. Analyzing small, ashy, undisturbed hearths(壁炉) inside the cave, the researchers found “pieces of burned starches” ranging from around 120,000 to 65,000 years old. It made them the oldest known examples of starches eaten by humans.
The findings do not come as a complete surprise — but rather as welcome confirmation of older theories that lacked the related evidence. The lead author Cynthia Larbey said that there had previously only been genetic biological evidence to suggest that humans had been eating starch for this long. This new evidence, however, takes us directly to the dinner table, and supports the previous assumption that humans’ digestion genes gradually evolved in order to fit into an increased digestion of starch.
Co-author Sarah Wurz said, “The starch remains show that these early humans living in the Klasies River Cave could battle against their tough environment and find suitable foods and perhaps medicines. And as much as we all still desire the tubers (块茎), these cave communities were gilling starches such as potatoes on their foot-long hearths. They knew how to balance their diets as well as they could, with fats from local fish and other animals.”
As early as the 1990s, some researchers started to study the hearths in the Klasies River Cave. Scientist Hilary Deacon first suggested that these hearths contained burned plants. At the time, the proper methods of examining the remains were not yet available. We now know human beings have always been searching for their desired things.
1. When did humans begin to farm starches?| A．After the Ice Age. | B．After the Middle Stone Age. |
| C．About 20,000 years ago. | D．About 100,000 years ago. |
| A．Starch diet promoted food culture. | B．Starch diet shaped humans’ evolution. |
| C．Starches had a variety of functions. | D．Starches offered humans rich nutrition. |
| A．They were smart and tough. | B．They preferred plants to meat. |
| C．They were generally very healthy. | D．They got along with each other. |
| A．Great Civilization of South Africa | B．The Evolution of Foods in History |
| C．Starches--the Important Food of Today | D．Big Findings--the Starches in Ancient Times |
【推荐3】Bread fruit is a traditional staple (主食) crop from the Pacific islands with the potential to improve worldwide food security. While people have survived on it for thousands of years, there was a lack of basic scientific knowledge of the health impacts of a bread fruit-based diet in both humans and animals. Now the fruit is getting the nutritional thumbs-up from a team of British Columbia researchers.
Bread fruit can be harvested, dried and made into flour. For the project, researchers had four bread fruits from the same tree in Hawaii, shipped to the march Lab at UBC Okanagan. Ying Liu led the study examining the digestion and health impact of a bread fruit-based diet.
“We wanted to contribute to the development of bread fruit as a sustainable, environmentally-friendly and high-production crop,” Liu says. The researchers designed a series of studies that could provide data on the impacts of a bread fruit-based diet fed to mice and also an enzyme (酶) digestion model.
The researchers determined that bread fruit protein was found to be easier to digest than wheat protein in the enzyme digestion model. And mice fed the bread fruit diet had a significantly higher growth rate and body weight than standard diet-fed mice. Liu also noted mice on the bread fruit diet had a significantly higher daily water consumption compared to mice on the wheat diet.
Fundamental understanding of the health impact of bread fruit digestion and diets is necessary and essential to the establishment of bread fruit as a staple in the future. “Overall, these studies support the use of bread fruit as part of a healthy, nutritionally balanced diet,” says Liu. The use of bread fruit could make inroads in food sustain ability for many populations globally. Liu suggests if a person ate the same amount of cooked bread fruit they can meet up to nearly 57 per cent of their daily fibre requirement, more than 34 per cent of their protein requirement and at the same time consume vitamin C, iron, calcium and other elements.
1. What does the underlined word “thumbs-up” mean in the first paragraph?| A．Requirement. | B．Benefit. | C．Reflection. | D．Acceptance. |
| A．To help those Pacific islanders. | B．To prove the value of the food. |
| C．To promote the food worldwide. | D．To develop a new type of diet. |
| A．The research method. | B．The research focuses. |
| C．The research process. | D．The research findings. |
| A．It will take the place of wheat. | B．It is superior to other foods. |
| C．It can help ease food shortage. | D．It needs further improvement. |
【推荐1】Student loans are based on a simple idea: that a graduate’s future flow of earnings will more than cover the costs of doing a degree. But with unemployment rates in parts of the rich world at post-war highs, that may no longer hold true for many people. The consequences will be felt by everybody.
All over the world student indebtedness is causing problems. In Britain, rising university fees mean that student debt is likely to treble (变成三倍) to £70 billion. But, partly because higher education there is so expensive, the scale of the problem is far greater in America. When the next official estimates of outstanding student debt there are published, it is expected to be close to $1 trillion.
Student-loan systems in America and elsewhere are often badly designed for an extended period of high unemployment. In contrast to the housing crash, the risk from student debt is not of a sudden explosion in losses but of gradual financial suffocation (窒息). The pressure needs to be eased.
One option is to change the bankruptcy laws. In America, Britain and elsewhere, these treat student debt as a special case: unlike other forms of debt, it cannot be wiped out. If student debt is not to bind existing graduates and put off future ones, the rules could be changed so that it is dischargeable (可解除的) in bankruptcy. Yet some worry that graduates would rush to declare bankruptcy, handing losses to taxpayers.
So a second option is preferable. Many countries, America included, have designed student debt primarily as a mortgage (抵押)-like obligation: it is repaid to a fixed schedule. Other places, like Britain and Australia, make student-loan repayments income- based so that the prospect of taking on debt is more acceptable to people from poorer backgrounds. That approach makes sense, especially when jobs are scarce.
Both changes would lead to a repricing of student debt. That would be a bad thing for taxpayers, but a good thing overall. Just as borrowers need to understand the risks they are exposing themselves to, voters need to understand the duties that governments are taking on when they subsidize (资助) students.
1. The idea supporting student loans _________.| A．illustrates the way the money serves graduates |
| B．shows the difficulty of paying off the debts |
| C．correctly estimates graduates future earnings |
| D．fails to expect the current condition of indebted students |
| A．High unemployment among graduates. | B．The loose student-loan systems. |
| C．The housing crash. | D．The rapid increase of student loans. |
| A．new bankruptcy rules | B．income-based repayment policy |
| C．clear student obligation | D．a better tax system |
| A．The Serious Tax Problems | B．Graduates Unemployment |
| C．The Indebted Graduates | D．Ways to cancel Students Debts |
Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated (展示) a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person's thoughts.
In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.
“Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓) to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles.” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”
The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp (头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.
Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”
He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.
1. BCI is a technology that can ________.
| A．help to update computer systems |
| B．link the human brain with computers |
| C．help the disabled to recover |
| D．control a person's thoughts |
| A．By controlling his muscles. |
| B．By talking to the machine. |
| C．By moving his hand. |
| D．By using his mind. |
| A．scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair |
| B．computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair |
| C．scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair |
| D．cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair |
| A．make profits from them |
| B．prove the technology useful to them |
| C．make them live longer |
| D．learn about their physical condition |
| A．Switzerland, the BCI Research Center |
| B．New Findings About How the Human Brain Works |
| C．BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled |
| D．Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries |
【推荐3】Most people aren’t good at creative problem solving for two reasons: First, they are not trained in how to be creative. Second, they don’t understand group strength well enough to harness(驾驭) their power to maximize group creativity.
A key element of creativity is applying existing knowledge to a new problem. The more people getting involved in solving it, the more knowledge there is to work on it. Unfortunately, research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods fail to achieve that goal. When groups get together to exchange ideas, they actually come up with fewer ideas overall than if they each had worked alone.
To fix this problem, you should consider the two stages of group problem-solving: divergence(分散) and convergence(集中). Divergence happens when the group considers as many different potential solutions as possible. Convergence happens when the various proposed solutions are evaluated and reduced to a smaller set of candidate solutions to the current problem.
The essential principle of group creativity is that individuals working alone diverge, whereas group members working together converge. In groups, once a member states a potential solution, it makes others think about the problem similarly. That is why groups working together diverge less than individuals working alone.
Therefore, be aware of when to diverge and when to converge. For example, early in the problem-solving process, have group members work alone to write down statements describing the problem. Then get them back to discuss their descriptions. The group discussion will lead everyone to accept one or a small number of these statements to work on—this is healthy convergence.
When starting to generate solutions, you again want divergence. Have people work alone to start. Then collect people’s initial ideas and send them around to others and allow the divergence to continue as everyone individually builds on the ideas of other members. Finally, let the group discuss the resulting ideas. This discussion will gradually lead the group to converge on a small number of candidate solutions.
This simple method works effectively, because it respects what individuals and groups do best.
1. We can infer that the traditional brainstorming methods ______.| A．enable people to form more ideas together |
| B．greatly encourage group creativity |
| C．actually limit group creativity |
| D．prevent people’s involvement in the problems |
| A．think the other way round | B．follow his way of thinking |
| C．be more confident in their own ideas | D．be less willing to share their own ideas |
| A．Discuss the problem. | B．Put down group statements together. |
| C．Simplify the problem. | D．Write down their individual descriptions. |
| A．A simple way to make group thinking more effective |
| B．Difficulties in organizing group thinking |
| C．Differences between divergence and convergence |
| D．Advantages of group thinking over individual thinking |
【推荐1】David Miles, an Australian inventor has been accused of cheating desperate farmers by charging up to $50,000 Australian dollars for delivering rain on demand without so much as explaining the technology behind his business.
On the official Miles Research website，Miles explains that in the 1990’s he realized that it was possible to influence weather patterns by creating a bridge between ‘the present’ and a ‘near-future event’ in the physical space-time continuum. He found that by applying small amounts of energy intelligently, even a large, messy weather system approaching from the future could be eased.
While somewhat fascinating, Miles’ explanation does little to explain how he is able to bring rainfall to the lands of farmers. He makes references to famous but debatable concepts like “the butterfly effect”. “We were advised against patenting because if basically exposing how it works, there will be a lot of big companies that invest in hunting out patents,” Miles said “I understand the doubts，the only other way is to fully prove up our science and physics. If we did that, we'll lose it, it will be taken up as a national security interest and it’ll then be weaponized.”
Miles' claims raised suspicions for obvious reasons, including a since-deleted section of his company website, which claimed that his technology used “electromagnetic scalar waves”，which scientists say don’t even exist.
The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) has warned people against doing business with him, but the Australian inventor claims the ACCC is only trying to defame him and his company, as in reality they are success based - if it doesn’t rain, they don’t get paid.
“Consumers signed the agreement that if by the end of June they receive 100mm, they pay $50,000, if they only receive 50mm, they would only pay $25,000. Anything under half，we don’t want to be paid,” Miles said of a handful of Wimmera farmers who agreed to take him up on his offer to deliver rain.
Believe it or not, one of the farmers who paid David Miles for his so-called rain-making capabilities told ABC Radio that he was quite happy with the results.
1. David Miles claims to be capable of ________.| A．influencing the weather system |
| B．predicting the future events |
| C．reducing the atmospheric temperature |
| D．easing the gravitational energy |
| A．he charged too much for the services provided |
| B．there was no solid science to hack up his technology |
| C．his practice was a threat to national security interest |
| D．he didn’t officially patent his technology with ACCC |
| A．$50,000. | B．$25,000. |
| C．$12,500. | D．$0. |
| A．Miles needed safer facilities for his business. |
| B．Miles brought about good crops as expected. |
| C．Miles wasn’t discouraged by the critics. |
| D．Miles was arrested by the local police. |
【推荐2】Our dog Sandy is a golden retriever( 寻回犬). Once we performed an experiment to see how keen his nose was.There was one particular pile that must have had hundreds of sticks. We picked up one stick carved an X on it, walked away from the pile and then threw it back into the pile, not once but a dozen times into the pile. It was impossible for us to tell with any certainty which stick we had originally chosen. Each time he brought back that stick. It wasn't the shape or the size or the look of the stick that he used to pick it out from all the others. It was the smell we left on the stick. It is hard to imagine, but for dogs every living creature has its own distinctive smell.
The noses of people have about 5 million cells that sense smell. Dogs' noses have anywhere from 125 to 300 million cells. Moreover, these cells are closer to the surface than cells in our noses, and more active. It has been estimated that dogs such as Sandy have noses that are a million times more sensitive than ours. Clothes that we haven't worn for week,and places we've only touched lightly indicate our presence to dogs.
His ears are also remarkable. He can hear sounds that humans can't and at distances which are astonishing. It is over our head to know and understand that world. Yet we have the advantage of being able to imagine what his experience is like, though he probably doesn't think too much about how we see the world.
The environment is the world that all living things share. Living creatures are born into the environment and are part of it. Yet there is no creature who perceives (感知到) all of what is and what happens. For a dog like Sandy a book isn't much different than a stick, whereas for us one stick is pretty much like every other stick. There is no one world experienced by all living creatures.
1. Why did the author conduct the experiment?| A．To train Sandy to pick out sticks. |
| B．To show how fast Sandy found sticks. |
| C．To prove sensitivity of Sandy's nose. |
| D．To teach Sandy to tell different smells. |
| A．Support the conclusion with numbers. |
| B．Summarize the previous paragraph. |
| C．Provide some advice for the readers. |
| D．Introduce a new topic for discussion. |
| A．Amazing. | B．Difficult. |
| C．Reasonable. | D．Inconvenient. |
| A．Worlds to experience. |
| B．An environment to share. |
| C．No environment, no creatures. |
| D．One environment, many worlds. |
【推荐3】Green is an important color in nature. It is the color of grass and the leaves on trees. It is also the color of most growing plants.
Sometimes, the word “green” means young, fresh and growing. For example, a greenhorn is someone who has no experience. In the 15th century, a greenhorn was a young cow or an ox whose horns(角) had not yet developed. A century later, a greenhorn was a soldier who had no experience in war. By the 18th century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today—a person who is new in a job.
Someone who is good at growing plants is said to have a green thumb(大拇指). The expression comes from the early 20th century. A person with a green thumb can make plants grow quickly and well.
Green is also the color used to describe the powerful feeling, jealousy(嫉妒). The green-eyed monster(怪物) is not a dangerous animal from outer space. It is an expression used about 400 years ago by the British writer William Shakespeare in his play “Othello”. It describes the unpleasant feeling when someone has something he wants. For example, a young man may suffer from the green-eyed monster if you get a pay rise and he does not.
In most places in the world, a green light means to move ahead. In everyday speech, a green light means agree to continue with a project.
1. A greenhorn now refers to ________.| A．a person who is new in a job |
| B．a new soldier |
| C．a young horse |
| D．a cow without horns |
| A．who is good at growing plants |
| B．whose thumbs are of green color |
| C．whose garden is greener than others’ |
| D．who is younger than his neighbors |
| A．he sees a dangerous animal |
| B．he reads a sad play |
| C．his friend gets a prize that he wants |
| D．he can’t get something |
| A．a greenhorn |
| B．a green thumb |
| C．the Green Revolution |
| D．the word “green” and its story |
