Romain Rolland once said, “There is only one kind of heroism in the world, and that is to still love life after recognizing the truth of life.” Cai Lei, a patient with ALS (渐冻症), perfectly ________ this sentence.

Cai Lei was once the vice president of Jingdong Group, with a ________ job and a happy family.

But who would have thought that at the age of 41, he was diagnosed (诊断) with ALS and could only watch his body “frozen” until he could not breathe.

The illness gave him a fatal (致命的) wound but he didn’t want to bow to it. He began to think about ________ he could do for the people with ALS in the remaining days.

After much thought, Cai Lei ________ an idea: he wants to produce medicine that is good for the treatment of ALS.

When Cai Lei told others about this idea, everyone thought he was ________. You know medicine development takes at least 10 years. ________, the period from diagnosis to death of patients with ALS is no more than 5 years. Allowing patients at the moment to use medicine is impossible.

What’s worse, many people in society still misunderstand him. That misunderstanding is like a ________, burning Cai Lei’s heart.

Although he is heartbroken, he never says anything for himself. He devotes himself to the research and development of the ________. He believes: “Even if we can’t use this medicine, we should let our future generations use it.”

The Mogao Caves are a very special place in China, which are located in Dunhuang, Gansu Province. The Mogao Caves are thousands of years old and were listed as a world heritage (遗产) site by UNESCO in 1987.

Many people, including archaeologists (考古学家) and researchers, work hard to take care of the Mogao Caves and learn more about them. Fan Jinshi is one of them.

Fan was born in Beijing on July 9,1938. Her father was a graduate of Tsinghua University and had a strong interest in Chinese classical art and culture.

Influenced by her father, Fan liked visiting museums when she was in middle school. With the great love of Chinese culture, she studied in the archaeology department in Peking University and graduated in 1963. Then she started working at Dunhuang and has worked there ever since. She spends almost 60 years taking care of Dunhuang. People call her the “Daughter of Dunhuang”.

On May 4, 2023, “Daughter of Dunhuang” Fan Jinshi returned to Peking University and brought back 10 million RMB donations to set up the Fan Jinshi Education Fund (基金) to support the research of Dunhuang studies at Peking University.

“Money made should be spent in the right way. People cannot only think of themselves,” she said. “Hopefully the setting of the Fund can help Dunhuang studies at the university, so it can make people know more about Dunhuang and raise cultural confidence of the nation.”

Talking to yourself isn’t just for humans—it’s for robots too. Italian researchers have developed a robot that can speak to itself, which enables users to hear its thought process (过程) and know how the robot makes decisions.

“If you were able to hear what the robots are thinking, the robots might be more trustworthy(可信赖的),” one of the researchers Antonio Chella says. “The robots will be easier to understand for people who aren’t engineers. In other words, we can communicate and work with the robots better.”

People talk to themselves when looking for clarity and moral (清晰的思维及道德方面的) guidance, and it helps in the decision-making process. The researchers set out to see how this could influence robots, so they developed one called Pepper, and they trained it to set a table. They then gave it the ability to say, in simple English, what it was “thinking” when completing a job.

After studying the robot, the researchers found that Pepper was better at solving dilemmas (进退两难的困境) when talking to itself. One experiment saw a user ask Pepper to break table setting rules by putting a fork in the wrong place, which led to the robot asking itself several self-directed questions. It then decided that the user might be wrong, so it made sure the user didn’t give the wrong order before it went on talking to itself: “Emm, this situation is difficult to me. I would never break the rules, but I can’t make him unhappy either, so I’m doing what he wants,” Pepper said while putting the fork in the wrong place. The user can understand Pepper’s thoughts as it uses its inner voice to solve a dilemma, which the researchers say could lead to human-robot trust.

Comparing Pepper’s performance with and without inner speech, Chella discovered that the robot worked faster with inner speech, which means when it was talking to itself. “People were very surprised by the robot’s ability,” Chella says. “The research makes the robot different from other machines because it has the ability to reason, to think. Inner speech could be useful in all the situations where we trust the computer or a robot for evaluation (评价) of a situation.”

Although hearing the inner voice of robots enriches the human-robot interaction (互动的), some people might find it inefficient because the robot spends more time completing jobs when it talks to itself. The robot’s inner speech is also just the knowledge that researchers gave it. Still, Chella says their research lays the groundwork for more research into how self-dialogue can help robots pay attention, plan and learn.

Traditional Chinese toys are part of the traditional Chinese culture. They make the folk games and sports activities of China rich and colorful. Here is a traditional Chinese toy many children like to play—Chinese shuttlecocks (jianzi).

Shuttlecocks kicking has a history of more than 2000 years in China. Since the Han Dynasty, people have been playing shuttlecock kicking. Even now, shuttlecock kicking is still one of the most popular outdoor activities, not only with the children, but also with the old. Shuttlecock kicking can be played by one or a circle of people. Five or six persons may form a small circle, kicking a shuttlecock. There are also people who like playing alone. Even when you play by yourself, you can often attract other people and make them want to come around and watch you play.

Making a shuttlecock is quite easy. You just need to find two or three coins with holes, put several feathers in the hole, and then sew down the feathers to the coin with clothes strips. The rule of shuttlecock kicking is also simple: keeping the shuttlecock in the air by using any part of your body except your hands.

41. 请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50 词的文段写作。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。友谊在我们的成长中至关重要，我们每个人都需要朋友。假如你是李华，请你写一篇英文演讲稿，内容包括：你的朋友是什么样的人，你们如何成为好朋友的，以及从他/她身上学到了什么。

My best friend

Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________