2021年北京市西城区中考一模英语试题
北京
九年级
一模
2021-05-08
1109次
整体难度:
适中
考查范围:
单词辨析、词汇、语法、主题、语篇
一、单项选择 添加题型下试题
—Of course you ________.
A.should | B.must | C.need | D.can |
【知识点】 can (能够,可以) must need should can表示请求/许可解读
A.important | B.more important | C.most important | D.the most important |
A.run | B.are running | C.were running | D.will run |
【知识点】 过去进行时含when、while解读
—No, thank you. I ________ a big meal.
A.have | B.have had | C.was having | D.had |
【知识点】 表示影响(动作已完成)解读
A.took | B.take | C.was taking | D.have taken |
【知识点】 表示经常性动作/状态解读
A.starts | B.started | C.will start | D.has started |
【知识点】 过去发生的动作/状态解读
A.sends | B.will send | C.is sent | D.will be sent |
【知识点】 一般将来时的被动语态解读
—She lost her passport yesterday.
A.why does Lisa miss the flight | B.why did Lisa miss the flight |
C.why Lisa misses the flight | D.why Lisa missed the flight |
二、完形填空 添加题型下试题
(Vertical Garden)
Vertical Gardens
Henrietta did not have a big yard. She only had a small deck (平台) overlooking a tiny piece of grass. It was not enough yard for her dog to play on. She
For a while, she just kept a few plants in pots on the deck. They took up space and there was hardly any space for her table and chairs. So, she made some flower boxes with rope to put plants in. She
She
She went to the building store and got some supplies. It was
Back at home, she fixed the boards to her fence for supporting the gutters. She put caps on the end and extra supports in the middle. Then she filled them with potting soil and planted three long rows of
A few days later, there were new leaves. Weeks later, she was harvesting vegetables to eat. She went all out then, lining all three walls of her fence with more long rain gutter planters. She had made her vertical garden! Best of all, her dog, Skippy, still had
A.wanted | B.hated | C.missed | D.treated |
A.hid | B.opened | C.hung | D.carried |
A.almost | B.seldom | C.finally | D.hardly |
A.move | B.look | C.climb | D.garden |
A.quick | B.hard | C.fun | D.convenient |
A.try | B.sell | C.cover | D.repair |
A.grass | B.trees | C.flowers | D.vegetables |
A.time | B.room | C.energy | D.interest |
三、阅读理解 添加题型下试题
Best Gifts for Your Teen Friends
Shopping for your teen friends’ birthday gifts can be difficult. Each year, we pay close attention to the newest gifts hitting the market. Below, we’ve created such a list, choosing some of the hottest items on store shelves right now.
Color-changing Lamp Speaker $36.00 With a simple touch, this speaker lamp changes color, plays music and helps them sleep. They can even bring it with them on camping trips since it runs for up to 120 hours. | Harry Potter Paperback Box Set $80.00 If they’re getting sick of borrowing the local library’s copies, then they need a complete collection of Harry Potter books to call their own. This set comes with all seven books in the series (系列). |
The Mind Card Game $20.00 This is a board game that encourages true teamwork, because the number one rule is “No talking!” If successful, they’ll be amazed at how well they work with their teammates without using any words. | Bluetooth Wireless (无线) Smart Beanie $15.00 Trying to wear headphones and a hat at the same time is usually uncomfortable. This smart beanie can keep their ears warm in winter, while allowing them to listen to their favorite playlists for up to five hours. Also, it’s washable as long as you take out the battery (电池) . |
21. Which gift encourages teamwork?
A.The Mind Card Game. | B.Harry Potter Paperback Box Set. |
C.Color-changing Lamp Speaker. | D.Bluetooth Wireless Smart Beanie. |
A.$80.00. | B.$36.00. | C.$20.00. | D.$15.00. |
A.comes with all seven books | B.can run for five hours in winter |
C.can change color and help one sleep | D.follows the number one rule “No talking!” |
Field Day
“It’s time for Field Day again,” thought Carly as she started the last week of school.
Carly was not looking forward to it. “Why does everybody make a big deal out of it?” Carly asked her mom. “Well, it’s supposed to be a fun day and a day to let yourself go,” said Carly’s mom. “I’m not good at any of those games that are played, and I’m afraid the kids are going to laugh at me. Maybe I can stay home and miss Field Day,” said Carly.
Mary was Carly’s closest friend, and they walked to school every day. “Aren’t you excited about Field Day?” Mary asked Carly. “No, I don’t care about such a silly day. No one ever picks me for their team because I’m not good at those games,” answered Carly.
Mary felt bad and she told her mom how unexcited Carly was and wondered what she could do to cheer her friend up. “See if you can get in a game that you know Carly is good at,” suggested Mary’s mom. Mary thought for a moment and said that she knew Carly loved to play horseshoes, and was really good at that game. She was also good at the water balloon toss (投掷) too.
Field Day finally arrived. Mary came by Carly’s house for their daily walk to school. Carly was very quiet on the way to school. “I hear they are going to have horseshoes this year and also a water balloon game,” Mary said. “Really? I love horseshoes, and I am pretty good at catching those water balloons,” said Carly. Suddenly, Carly felt more excited about going to school and starting Field Day than she had ever been.
The games began, and Carly had the best Field Day ever! Her team won first place in the water balloon toss thanks to her, and she got a ribbon (绶带) for second place in horseshoes. “What a great day!” Carly said to Mary. Carly is now looking forward to Field Day next year!
24. Carly wasn’t looking forward to Field Day at first because ________.A.she didn’t have friends to go with her |
B.her friend Mary wasn’t excited about it |
C.her mom told her that it wasn’t fun at all |
D.she wasn’t good at those games that were played |
A.tried hard to cheer Carly up | B.won first place this Field Day |
C.taught Carly how to play horseshoes | D.stayed at home and missed this Field Day |
A.invite her family to join her | B.make a completely new rule |
C.take an active part in the games | D.plan the whole event for her school |
Imagine that your friend is cutting the cake to share with all the guests at the birthday party. The first three guests are handed large pieces of cake, while you are handed a teeny-tiny one. How would you feel? Is this fair? Most of us have a clear sense of what is fair and what is not, but where does this come from? Scientists try to study fairness in primate species (灵长类物种) to understand how fairness came about.
Fairness often involves equal outcomes (平等的结果)
Do monkeys behave in ways that lead to equal outcomes? To find out, scientists give monkeys choices about how to share food. Scientists ask a monkey to choose between two options—to provide a piece of food just for themselves, or to provide food for another monkey nearby, as well as for themselves (Figure 1). If monkeys are trying to achieve equal outcomes, they would give food to both themselves and another. Do they? Sometimes.
The left monkey has just chosen the board to give food to himself and the neighboring monkey. | The left monkey has just chosen the board that provides food for himself only. |
(Figure 1)
Whether monkeys favor equal outcomes seems to depend on the species. The species which live in groups will prefer equal outcomes, but not all the time.
What else might be influencing whether monkeys create equal outcomes? If the two monkeys are friends, one is more likely to share food with the other. It also seems that monkeys would make the equal choice when they cannot see the actual food—some scientists use pictures of food.
But wait, does effort matter?
Scientists have developed a way to test whether monkeys prefer everyone to be paid equally for doing the same work. In this study, monkeys are trained to work for food by exchanging small coins with a scientist. To determine if and how monkeys respond to unfairness, scientists have two monkeys take turns exchanging coins and give them different food—their favorite food or a less-preferred food (Figure2). If the monkey getting the less-preferred food refuses to keep exchanging coins, scientists conclude the monkeys respond to unfairness.
The monkey on the left exchanges the coin for a piece of banana. Next, the neighbor monkey will also exchange a coin, but receive a less-preferred piece of food. |
(Figure 2)
The results of the study have suggested differences across monkey species. Generally, monkeys living in groups do not respond to unfairness, while other monkeys do respond to it. However, monkeys do not appear to mind if they get a better food than others.
All in all, monkeys’ sense of fairness does not seem to be as well-developed as our own. By studying their preferences for fairness and responses to unfair situations, we can learn more about how these values developed in humans. And this also helps us to better understand the natural world and how to care for animals as well.
27. In the first monkey study, ________.A.scientists use more pictures of food than actual food |
B.scientists let monkeys choose from a variety of foods |
C.the left monkey will get no food if it provides food for another |
D.the left monkey can choose between two ways of providing food |
A.Monkeys living in groups value effort more. |
B.Monkeys of different species enjoy different work. |
C.Not all monkeys stop working when treated unfairly. |
D.Monkeys seem to mind if the neighbor gets less food. |
A.Do Monkeys Care What Is Fair? |
B.Can Equal Outcomes Bring Fairness? |
C.Why Do Monkeys Value Fairness and Effort? |
D.How Do Monkeys Develop a Sense of Fairness? |
We’ve all experienced failure. Whether we like it or not, failure is part of life. How people respond to it is of great importance both to their decisions and achievements. Some are likely to have such expectations: “If I should reach that goal, how happy would I feel?” In a recent study, we wanted to understand how such expectations may change in the face of failure. Are people able to predict their own happiness?
The old saying “the grass is always greener on the other side” suggests that people spend much of their time searching for things they can’t have. In other words, the harder it is to achieve, the higher the valuation. But is this a good model for how ordinary people process failure? According to the story The Fox and the Grapes, failure often leads us to drop our initial (最初的) plan. In the story, the fox jumps with all his strength, yet he fails to reach the grapes. Finally, he walks away, concluding that the grapes were sour (酸的) anyway.
So, which is it: greener grass or sour grapes? We did an experiment to determine how people react to failure.
In the study, about 1,200 participants (参加者) received either good or poor feedback (反馈) on the practice trial of a test. Half of them were told that they had performed in the bottom 20 percent, while the other half, in the top 20 percent. They were then asked to predict how they would feel if they earned a high score on the actual test.
The research results showed that those who received poor feedback on the practice trial predicted that they would feel less happiness and less pride, compared to those who received strong feedback. However, when they received a top score on the actual test later, they were just as happy as the other half, and much happier than they had predicted before. This suggests that the initial failure made people undervalue how good it would feel to succeed in the future.
The question though, is why failure makes us downplay our future happiness. According to Professor Jon Elster, people don’t always know what they want, and often change their wishes to match what appears within reach. When the outcome doesn’t fit the one they have of themselves, they protect themselves by devaluing the goal—rather than devaluing themselves. In other words, when personal failure happens, one way of protecting our positive (积极的) sense of self is to refuse to accept the emotional importance of future achievements.
Detachment (超脱) from personal goals can be useful, if it helps people redirect their attention from the impossible to better and more achievable goals. However, if the sour-grape effect kicks in too early and people become fearful of failure, they could miss out on the chance to try again and realize that what once seemed impossible is now within reach.
30. What does the story The Fox and the Grapes suggest?A.The outcome valuation depends on what goal is set. |
B.Difficulties result in a higher achievement expectation. |
C.Past performance doesn’t help predict future happiness. |
D.Initial failure makes future success appear less attractive. |
A.undervalue | B.better understand | C.destroy | D.discover |
A.The participants cared more about strong feedback. |
B.The happier people are those who predict less happiness. |
C.The participants’ performance failed to match their abilities. |
D.People devalue the goal to keep a positive view of themselves. |
A.Failure is the mother of success. |
B.Detachment stops people from changing wishes. |
C.The seemingly impossible is worth trying sometimes. |
D.The sour-grape effect pushes us to keep moving forward. |
四、任务型阅读 添加题型下试题
When it comes to celebrations, birthday parties can be one of the important of the whole year. The gifts, the singing, the candle-blowing... Basically, they’re all the best things thrown together into one day. But birthdays aren’t always a fun for everyone. For example, homeless children might not get anything at all for their special day. That’s why 17-year-old Daryn Dusansky decided to start The Balloon Project. It celebrates monthly birthdays for children living in homeless shelters (收容所) with the help of some volunteers. Dusansky’s dream: to bring smiles to all kids’ faces on their birthdays.
As teenagers, they met many challenges at the beginning. One of the biggest was to make others believe that The Balloon Project was dependable and there would be a party each month. Each party is not easy as there are many things that have to be managed. Luckily, The Balloon Project volunteers want each party to be better than the last and can be counted on to make that happen.
Getting The Balloon Project off the ground required many leadership qualities (品质) which Dusansky did not know she owned. Working hard, focusing on solutions, and connecting with people are all necessary qualities that have made The Balloon Project a success.
Offering services to those in need and creating a positive influence are important in being an active member of a community. Community service teaches life lessons often not taught in school. At one party, a little boy and his father came up to thank her for holding the boy’s first organized birthday party. Dusansky then thanked them for teaching her something, too. The father, who lived in a shelter with his son, looked at her, puzzled, as if he was not worthy of teaching her anything. Dusansky explained to him that he had taught her to have the courage to ask for help when needed. She will never forget his hug.
Find a cause that interests you. Dusansky loves birthday celebrations and wants disadvantaged children to have the opportunity to celebrate, too. Love is passed on easily—it encourages people to help and volunteer.
34. How old was Dusansky when she decided to start The Balloon Project?______________________________________________________________________
35. Who does The Balloon Project help?
______________________________________________________________________
36. What was one of the biggest challenges in running The Balloon Project?
______________________________________________________________________
37. What did Dusansky learn from the father?
______________________________________________________________________
38. What do you think of Dusansky?
______________________________________________________________________
五、书面表达 添加题型下试题
39. 假如你是李华,下周你们学校将组织全体同学进行体检,请写一封英文邮件通知你们班交换生 Chris,告诉他体检当天集合的时间、地点以及需要提前做的准备。
提示词语:
health check-up, sleep, meal, proper clothes
提示问题:
● When and where are you going to meet?
● What should Chris do to get prepared?
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to tell you something about the coming health check-up._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions or concerns.
Yours,
Li Hua
40. 但求耕耘,不问收获。在我们的学习和生活中,能够全身心地投入到一件事情中去,享受做事情的过程,何尝不是一种幸福!某英文网站正在开展以“全身心投入 (Devotion)”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华,请用英语写一篇短文投稿,谈谈自己全身心投入做某事的经历,以及自己的感受。
提示词语:
effort, improve, form a good habit, proud
提示问题:
● What did you devote yourself to?
● How did you do it?
● What have you learnt from the experience?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【知识点】 叙事忆旧
试卷分析
试卷题型(共 20题)
试卷难度
知识点分析
细目表分析 导出
题号 | 难度系数 | 详细知识点 | 备注 |
一、单项选择 | |||
1 | 0.65 | her him them us 代词辨析 | |
2 | 0.85 | at for near on 介词辨析 | |
3 | 0.85 | but (但是) or (或者) so (因此) though 表示因果关系的连词 | |
4 | 0.65 | can (能够,可以) must need should can表示请求/许可 | |
5 | 0.85 | how when (何时) where why 特殊疑问句 | |
6 | 0.94 | 形容词原级 | |
7 | 0.65 | 过去进行时含when、while | |
8 | 0.65 | 表示影响(动作已完成) | |
9 | 0.85 | 表示经常性动作/状态 | |
10 | 0.85 | 过去发生的动作/状态 | |
11 | 0.65 | 一般将来时的被动语态 | |
12 | 0.65 | 过去发生的动作/状态 宾语从句的语序 主现从不限 | |
二、完形填空 | |||
13-20 | 0.65 | 方法/策略 家庭生活 | |
三、阅读理解 | |||
21-23 | 0.65 | 时文/广告/布告 商品 应用文 细节理解 | 单选 |
24-26 | 0.65 | 朋友 社团/俱乐部 记叙文 细节理解 推理判断 | 单选 |
27-29 | 0.15 | 常见动物 科普知识 说明文 细节理解 推理判断 最佳标题 | 单选 |
30-33 | 0.4 | 哲理感悟 记叙文 细节理解 推理判断 词句猜测 | 单选 |
四、任务型阅读 | |||
34-38 | 0.65 | 志愿服务 记叙文 | 阅读表达 |
五、书面表达 | |||
39 | 0.65 | 社团/俱乐部 意见/建议 | 电子邮件 |
40 | 0.65 | 叙事忆旧 | 话题作文 |