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题型:阅读理解-单选 难度:0.15 引用次数:170 题号:15543828

Does blue light actually influence your health? Blue light before bedtime can make it harder to sleep, and the screens on phones, computers and televisions give out a lot of blue light. It is true. But if you think blue light as a main problem influencing your sleep or your eye health, it’s time to think in another way.

A researcher says that blue light is part of sunlight, and your eyes are under the sunshine all the time. You’re fine. There are studies of mice that have found blue light can be bad for the eyes, but mice are nocturnal creafures(夜行性动物) whose eyes are different from ours. In a sense, their eyes can protect themselves.

However, adding more protection isn’t likely to help. You can buy glasses to stop the blue light, but the researcher points out that the way will waste your money. You could get the same effect just by holding your phone far from your face. Try it now and see if you notice a difference. No? Then it shouldn’t surprise you that a recent research result said that blue—blocking(防蓝光的) glasses have no special effect(影响) on sleep quality(质量).

If you’re worried about your eye health or your ability to get to sleep on time, you already know what to do: put the screens away at bedtime. Read a book or find something else to do. While you’re using screens, take a 20—second break every 20 minutes.

1. We can avoid being in fluenced by blue light when we ________.
A.use phonesB.watch TVC.go out at nightD.stay at home
2. We learn from the studies of mice that _________.
A.mice can protect their eyesB.mice can’t see things clearly at day time
C.blue light is harmful to mice’s eyesD.mice have the same eyes with humans
3. It has the same effect as buying a blue—blocking glasses to ________.
A.hold phones far from our faceB.eat more vegetalbes every day
C.have a pair of normal glassesD.do eye exercises before sleeping
4. ________ can not help improve your ability to get to sleep on time.
A.Putting your phone awayB.Reading a book
C.Taking breaksD.Having a conversation
5. According to the passage, we know ________.
A.that blue light influences our healthB.the facts about blue light
C.how to take care of our eyesD.that blue light is bad for nocturmal creatures

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文章大意:本文主要介绍的是人们对牙线的不同看法。

【推荐1】For years, dentists have told us that flossing (用牙线剔牙) keeps our mouths and teeth healthy. But, while nearly everybody has heard of the idea, it turns out that there isn’t much evidence(证据) to back it up.

“There’s little evidence that flossing works,” reported an article published by The Associated Press (AP). The news agency(机构) looked at 25 studies from the past 10 years .The AP found that evidence that flossing is good for your teeth is “weak”.

Another review of flossing, done in 2011, found that many studies were of “poor”quality, though it said there was some evidence that flossing and brushing regularly did seem to reduce(减少) gingivitis(牙龈炎).

Without clear evidence, the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020 have left out the sentence about flossing. According to law, the guidelines must be based on scientific evidence.

But before you stop using that floss, you should know that many experts think we should keep doing it anyway. Many dentists say that just because there is no evidence to show flossing is good for you, it doesn’t mean that it is bad for you.

Joan Otomo-Corgel, a dentist with the American Academy of 32 years member of the American Academy of Periodontolgoy, told National Public Radio that flossing does help. She says it gets rid of bacteria(细菌)that take up the space between teeth and sometimes cause health problems, according to Otomo-Corgel.

Wayne Aldredge, president of the periodontists’ group, also thinks you should floss to help avoid gum disease. “It’s like building a house and not painting two sides of it,” he told The Washington Post. “In the end, those two sides are going to rot away quicker.”

After all, “If you don’t floss, you only clean 60 percent of your teeth,” US dentistAndrew Swiatowicz told The Huffington Post. “Imagine if you left 40 percent of your body un-showered (不洗澡)...Wouldn’t you still feel gross?”

1. What opinion does the Associated Press hold?
A.Flossing might not be good for your teeth.
B.Flossing is harmful for your teeth.
C.There is evidence that flossing is good.
D.Flossing can take the place of brushing.
2. Why does not the current Dietary Guidelines for Americans include flossing?
A.Because flossing is against the law.
B.Because they forgot to add flossing to the guidelines.
C.Because there is a lack of evidence that flossing is good for you.
D.Because there is evidence that flossing isn’t good.
3. What does the underlined phrase “get rid of” mean?
A.runs awayB.gives away
C.cleans upD.cuts up
4. How much of our teeth is left unclean if we don’t floss, according to Swiatowicz?
A.25 percentB.40 percentC.60 percentD.80 percent
5. From the story, we can learn that ________.
A.people have different opinions about flossing
B.flossing is old-fashioned
C.there are more cases of gingivitis these days
D.not all scientific studies are believable
2022-02-25更新 | 184次组卷
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文章大意:本文主要介绍了数字的发展历史。
【推荐2】Have you ever wondered how numbers first came about? And why is there 10 of them?

Early humans in the Old Stone Age likely counted animals and other objects by carving tally marks (记数符号) on walls, bones or stone. Tally marks were grouped by 5. Each tally mark stood for 1 and each fifth mark was scored through to help keep track. This system was fine for small numbers, but it didn’t really work with large numbers.

As the society developed, people came up with different ways of writing down numbers. Many of these systems, though appearing in different countries, were mainly based on tally marks. They created new symbols for each larger number. But even with these systems, it was still cumbersome to write large numbers.

By the 7th century, Indians had perfected the decimal positional (十进位) system, which could describe any number with only ten unique symbols. A key breakthrough of this system was the number 0. Older systems, which didn’t have 0, would leave a blank in its place, making it hard to distinguish between 63 and 603 or 12 and 120. Having and using 0 helped make writing down numbers clearer and easier for everyone to understand.

But why were the numbers known as “Arabic” since they were born in India? Here’s an interesting story behind it. Sometime in the year 771, Arab businessmen took some Indian scholars (学者) to Baghdad to help teach them the new set of numbers. After learning the numbers, the Arabs translated the new numbers into their own script (文字体系) that is Arabic. Sometime later, the Arab traders carried a book of these numerals to Europe, where the numbers were translated into Latin. As the world got these numbers from Arabia, these came to be known as Arabic numerals.

1. What do we know about the early counting systems?
A.They were created in India.
B.They all worked with large numbers.
C.All the systems followed old symbols.
D.Many of them were based on the same system.
2. What does the underlined word “cumbersome” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Hard.B.Useless.C.Convenient.D.Practical.
3. Which of the following about Indians is TRUE?
A.They recreated the decimal positional system in 771.
B.They invented the numbers from 0 to 9.
C.They named a perfect number system.
D.They created the number 0.
4. The new set of numbers is called Arabic numerals because ________
A.the Arabs invented themB.the Arabs spread them
C.the Arabs lied to the worldD.the Arabs kept them to themselves
2022-04-05更新 | 222次组卷
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文章大意:本文主要介绍了研究发现人类语言的发音和饮食是有关系的,并认为语音是会发展变化的。

【推荐3】Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.

More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.

They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.

The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.

Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.

This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.

1. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on?
A.Its variety.B.Its distribution.C.Its quantity.D.Its development.
2. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?
A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B.They could not open and close their lips easily.
C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
3. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A.Supporting evidence for the research results.
B.Potential application of the research findings.
C.A further explanation of the research methods.
D.A reasonable doubt about the research process.
4. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?
A.It is key to effective communication.B.It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C.It is a complex and dynamic system.D.It drives the evolution of human beings.
2023-03-15更新 | 728次组卷
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