Does blue light actually influence your health? Blue light before bedtime can make it harder to sleep, and the screens on phones, computers and televisions give out a lot of blue light. It is true. But if you think blue light as a main problem influencing your sleep or your eye health, it’s time to think in another way.
A researcher says that blue light is part of sunlight, and your eyes are under the sunshine all the time. You’re fine. There are studies of mice that have found blue light can be bad for the eyes, but mice are nocturnal creafures(夜行性动物) whose eyes are different from ours. In a sense, their eyes can protect themselves.
However, adding more protection isn’t likely to help. You can buy glasses to stop the blue light, but the researcher points out that the way will waste your money. You could get the same effect just by holding your phone far from your face. Try it now and see if you notice a difference. No? Then it shouldn’t surprise you that a recent research result said that blue—blocking(防蓝光的) glasses have no special effect(影响) on sleep quality(质量).
If you’re worried about your eye health or your ability to get to sleep on time, you already know what to do: put the screens away at bedtime. Read a book or find something else to do. While you’re using screens, take a 20—second break every 20 minutes.
1. We can avoid being in fluenced by blue light when we ________.A.use phones | B.watch TV | C.go out at night | D.stay at home |
A.mice can protect their eyes | B.mice can’t see things clearly at day time |
C.blue light is harmful to mice’s eyes | D.mice have the same eyes with humans |
A.hold phones far from our face | B.eat more vegetalbes every day |
C.have a pair of normal glasses | D.do eye exercises before sleeping |
A.Putting your phone away | B.Reading a book |
C.Taking breaks | D.Having a conversation |
A.that blue light influences our health | B.the facts about blue light |
C.how to take care of our eyes | D.that blue light is bad for nocturmal creatures |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】For years, dentists have told us that flossing (用牙线剔牙) keeps our mouths and teeth healthy. But, while nearly everybody has heard of the idea, it turns out that there isn’t much evidence(证据) to back it up.
“There’s little evidence that flossing works,” reported an article published by The Associated Press (AP). The news agency(机构) looked at 25 studies from the past 10 years .The AP found that evidence that flossing is good for your teeth is “weak”.
Another review of flossing, done in 2011, found that many studies were of “poor”quality, though it said there was some evidence that flossing and brushing regularly did seem to reduce(减少) gingivitis(牙龈炎).
Without clear evidence, the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020 have left out the sentence about flossing. According to law, the guidelines must be based on scientific evidence.
But before you stop using that floss, you should know that many experts think we should keep doing it anyway. Many dentists say that just because there is no evidence to show flossing is good for you, it doesn’t mean that it is bad for you.
Joan Otomo-Corgel, a dentist with the American Academy of 32 years member of the American Academy of Periodontolgoy, told National Public Radio that flossing does help. She says it gets rid of bacteria(细菌)that take up the space between teeth and sometimes cause health problems, according to Otomo-Corgel.
Wayne Aldredge, president of the periodontists’ group, also thinks you should floss to help avoid gum disease. “It’s like building a house and not painting two sides of it,” he told The Washington Post. “In the end, those two sides are going to rot away quicker.”
After all, “If you don’t floss, you only clean 60 percent of your teeth,” US dentistAndrew Swiatowicz told The Huffington Post. “Imagine if you left 40 percent of your body un-showered (不洗澡)...Wouldn’t you still feel gross?”
1. What opinion does the Associated Press hold?A.Flossing might not be good for your teeth. |
B.Flossing is harmful for your teeth. |
C.There is evidence that flossing is good. |
D.Flossing can take the place of brushing. |
A.Because flossing is against the law. |
B.Because they forgot to add flossing to the guidelines. |
C.Because there is a lack of evidence that flossing is good for you. |
D.Because there is evidence that flossing isn’t good. |
A.runs away | B.gives away |
C.cleans up | D.cuts up |
A.25 percent | B.40 percent | C.60 percent | D.80 percent |
A.people have different opinions about flossing |
B.flossing is old-fashioned |
C.there are more cases of gingivitis these days |
D.not all scientific studies are believable |
Early humans in the Old Stone Age likely counted animals and other objects by carving tally marks (记数符号) on walls, bones or stone. Tally marks were grouped by 5. Each tally mark stood for 1 and each fifth mark was scored through to help keep track. This system was fine for small numbers, but it didn’t really work with large numbers.
As the society developed, people came up with different ways of writing down numbers. Many of these systems, though appearing in different countries, were mainly based on tally marks. They created new symbols for each larger number. But even with these systems, it was still cumbersome to write large numbers.
By the 7th century, Indians had perfected the decimal positional (十进位) system, which could describe any number with only ten unique symbols. A key breakthrough of this system was the number 0. Older systems, which didn’t have 0, would leave a blank in its place, making it hard to distinguish between 63 and 603 or 12 and 120. Having and using 0 helped make writing down numbers clearer and easier for everyone to understand.
But why were the numbers known as “Arabic” since they were born in India? Here’s an interesting story behind it. Sometime in the year 771, Arab businessmen took some Indian scholars (学者) to Baghdad to help teach them the new set of numbers. After learning the numbers, the Arabs translated the new numbers into their own script (文字体系) that is Arabic. Sometime later, the Arab traders carried a book of these numerals to Europe, where the numbers were translated into Latin. As the world got these numbers from Arabia, these came to be known as Arabic numerals.
1. What do we know about the early counting systems?A.They were created in India. |
B.They all worked with large numbers. |
C.All the systems followed old symbols. |
D.Many of them were based on the same system. |
A.Hard. | B.Useless. | C.Convenient. | D.Practical. |
A.They recreated the decimal positional system in 771. |
B.They invented the numbers from 0 to 9. |
C.They named a perfect number system. |
D.They created the number 0. |
A.the Arabs invented them | B.the Arabs spread them |
C.the Arabs lied to the world | D.the Arabs kept them to themselves |
【推荐3】Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
1. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on?A.Its variety. | B.Its distribution. | C.Its quantity. | D.Its development. |
A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. |
B.They could not open and close their lips easily. |
C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured. |
D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough. |
A.Supporting evidence for the research results. |
B.Potential application of the research findings. |
C.A further explanation of the research methods. |
D.A reasonable doubt about the research process. |
A.It is key to effective communication. | B.It contributes much to cultural diversity. |
C.It is a complex and dynamic system. | D.It drives the evolution of human beings. |
【推荐1】"I sometimes get up at three or four in the morning and I surf the net."
"I often check my e-mail forty times a day."
"I often spend more than three hours during one time on the net."
"I spend more time in chat rooms than with my 'real-life' friends."
Do you know any people like these? They are part of a new addiction(瘾)called Internet addiction. Internet addicts spend at least thirty to forty hours online every week. The use of the Internet can be an addiction like drug(毒品)use. People lose control(控制)of the time they spend on the Internet. For example, one college student was missing for a few days. His friends are worried, and they call the police. The police find the student in the computer room: he was surfing the net for a few days.
Studies show that about 6-10% of Internet users become addicted. And people worry about the teens because the Internet is changing the playing field for some of them. They spend more time in cyberspace than in the real world of friends and family.
Is "surfing the net" a hobby or an addiction for you? You may have a problem if you have these symptoms:
*You do not go to important family activities or you do not do school work because you like to spend hours on the Internet.
*You can't wait for your next online time.
*You plan to spend a short time online, but then you spend several hours.
*You go out with your friends less and less.
1. What does the beginning of the passage tell us?A.How to become an Internet addict. | B.How important the Internet is! |
C.Where to find an Internet addict. | D.What Internet addicts usually do. |
A.like using drugs | B.a way of making drugs |
C.one of children's hobbies. | D.easy to control |
A.Because the teens are wasting too much money. |
B.Because they often work and study on the Internet for long. |
C.Because the playing field of the teens is getting larger and larger. |
D.Because the teens may forget the time easily while surfing the Internet. |
A.use the drugs | B.control themselves |
C.surf on the Internet | D.be an Internet addict |
【推荐2】Our ancestors used stars to guide them on a clear night. Now we have navigation systems (导航系统) to help us find our way, with the latest being the Beidou Navigation Satellite (卫星) System(BDS).
The BDS is completely built by Chinese engineers. With the last satellite from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center flew into space on Jun 23, 2020, the network of 59 satellites has been completed. On July 31, 2020, Beidou started providing full-scale services (全方位服务). It’s difficult to imagine what those satellites can’t do in our daily lives.
When you unlock one of the Hellobike’s bicycles, you are using the BDS. This popular bike-sharing company came out with two new bike models which have the positioning service this year. Users can also find shared bikes more exactly thanks to Beidou.
However, the BDS doesn’t just work on way. As the largest space-based system in China, Beidou uses a special two-way communication system, including its ability to receive messages sent by people from areas with poor communication signals. It isn’t for users to chat online. Instead, it plays a role when disasters like earthquakes happen and communications don’t work.
After the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, all ground-based communication tools couldn’t work. Though Beidou could only send 120 characters(字符) in just one message at that time, communication between these poor areas and helping centers was successful. Now, it can sent 1, 200 Chinese characters in a message. It is widely used in areas such as disaster alarms, and information release.
Now, Beidou is more and more widely used in our everyday life. As SunJiadong, former chief designer of the BDS said, “Beidou can be used in more industries than you can imagine.”
1. In the old days, people use _________ to guide them on a clear night.A.the moon | B.the sun | C.the BDS | D.stars |
A.23 | B.31 | C.59 | D.120 |
A.战争 | B.灾难 | C.选举 | D.奇迹 |
A.The BDS first started working on June 23, 2020. |
B.The BDS can provide us with a lot of helpful services. |
C.People can find their lost bicycles thanks to Beidou. |
D.The BDS can send 120 Chinese characters in a message now. |
A.the BDS | B.great engineers | C.shared bikes | D.an earthquake |
【推荐3】①Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to their young trees?
②Professor Simard, forest ecologist (森林生态学家) from the University of British Columbia, explains how trees are much more complex (复杂的) than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin (达尔文) thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard and her team have made a new discovery and showed just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their group work and support, passing around necessary nutrition (营养) like Nitrogen (氮) and carbon “depending on who needs it”.
③Nitrogen and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌) networks. This makes sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive nutrition to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is cut down, it influences all.
④Simard talks about “mother trees”. These are usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. These “Mother Trees” are connected to all the other trees in the forest by this network of fungi, and may manage the resources of the whole trees and plants in the forest. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the young trees, transporting important nutrition to them so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down “Mother Trees” without paying attention to these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances to save the whole forest.
⑤“We didn’t take any notice of it” Simard says sadly. “Mother trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chances.” If we could explain the message clearly to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.
1. The underlined sentence “the opposite is true” in Paragraph ② probably means that trees ________.A.compete for survival | B.protect their own wealth |
C.depend on each other | D.provide support for dying trees |
A.they look the largest in size in the forest | B.all the other trees depend on them |
C.they pass on nutrition to dying trees | D.they transport important nutrition to young trees after dying |
A.how “tree societies” work | B.how trees grow old |
C.how forestry industry develops | D.how young trees survive |
A. | B. |
C. | D. |
A.Charles Darwin had the same opinion as Simard. |
B.trees communicate with each other less deeply than we think. |
C.if “Mother Trees” are cut down, they make no difference to the forest. |
D.nitrogen and carbon play an important role in the forest ecological system. |
【推荐1】At the end of many sports events and competitions, all the contestants are honored for their effort. But in a world where not everyone can be a winner, does getting a consolation prize(安慰奖)actually improve a child’s self-esteem?
Participation awards have been around for at least 100 years, but lately they have come under fire for killing children’s sense of competition. Yet that is exactly the opposite of what these medals do for little ones, says psychologist and parenting coach Emily Pagone.
When preschoolers and kindergartners compete, they don’t know the expectations adults have for them, Pagone says. Offering them a trophy(奖杯)or medal can highlight the skills that the losers showed and encourage the sportsmanship of all the players.
But what really makes a participation award worthwhile is the conversation that comes with it. “When the caregivers around the children recognize their abilities, talents and strengths, children are placed in a position to learn about the expectations of the situation. And pointing out what kids do well can also build their self-confidence.” Pagone says.
Still, there is one problem with this system: students may rely too much on rewards from outside sources to motivate themselves. It’s valuable for them to play soccer not only because they want to earn something to decorate their rooms, but also because they enjoy the sport. They won’t always get prizes for doing their best, so it’s important to build an inner desire to push through challenging times.
For this reason, Pagone recommends discontinuing the use of participation awards around first grade. But not all experts agree that is best. Positive feedback can also benefit older kids and adults, keeping them coming back to their hobby even after a tough practice or season, says Kelly LaPorte, clinical director at a counseling center. That lesson of celebrating the effort and not just the result remains important throughout a person’s life.
Trophies and medals for preteens and teens should also be paired with conversations, particularly to prepare them to deal with loss. Sometimes this means letting them take a five-minute walk to calm down after a match. Other times it just requires allowing them to express their feelings. A “perfect world” would include participation awards for kids and postgame reflections with caregivers and coaches.
1. What do participation awards do to little children according to Pagone?A.They kill their sense of competition. | B.They encourage sportsmanship of all players. |
C.They meet kids’ expectations for the game. | D.They make players ignore the sports skills. |
A.They get in the way of helping children build self-confidence. |
B.They might prevent kids from building an inner desire for the sport. |
C.They benefit both little children, older kids and adults in learning. |
D.Their value lies in that they celebrate the effort rather than the result. |
A.They are more beneficial than harmful. | B.They are more harmful than beneficial. |
C.They can be effective but have limitations. | D.They should be replaced with conversations. |
A.Are Participation Awards Still Necessary? | B.How Do Participation Awards Impact Children? |
C.What is the Myth about Participation Awards? | D.Why Should Participation Awards be Abandoned? |
【推荐2】A promise can go a long way in personal relationships. It is a commitment (承诺) to follow through on your word. But what does it mean when you say “I promise…”, and how does this influence your relationships?
We all have heard “I promise…” time and time again. Promises help us get closer to those we love. Studies suggest that keeping promises holds a lot of emotional value. When we break them, there is a decline (降低) in trust. But why is it so important to keep a promise and how do we stick to it? Here are some important reminders of promises.
Promises are hard work, Usually, it is not easy to follow through on a promise. They require us to step outside of our wants and achieve something for someone else or challenge ourselves to break old harmful habits.
Promises are meant to be taken seriously. Do you remember the first time someone broke a promise to you? When a promise is broken, your reputations (名声), relationships and personal charm suffer. Take each promise you make seriously to make sure that you are not the one causing unnecessary distrust.
Promises are proofs (证明) of love, friendships, family and human connection. Actions speak louder than words. Promises are actions that affirm our love and connection with other people. Whether that connection is through friendships, family or strangers, promises affirm that we want to pass on our feelings to others.
Promises are a necessary part of building our relationships. Making and keeping promises plays an important role in our lives. So here’s a word of advice; always keep your promises.
1. What may happen if we break a promise?A.We will feel nervous and worried. |
B.Others won’t trust us anymore. |
C.It’s easy to make another one. |
D.Nobody thinks we are kind enough. |
A.Many of them are our wishes or dreams. |
B.We must live outside to keep them. |
C.They need us to challenge ourselves. |
D.We hardly get anything from them. |
A.Our reputations, relationships and personal charm will be affected. |
B.We won’t cause unnecessary distrust. |
C.We will pass on our feelings to others. |
D.We will get closer to those we love. |
A.Take place. | B.Spend time. |
C.Pay attention. | D.Make sure. |
A.Getting Closer to Those We Love |
B.Keeping Promises Matters |
C.Breaking Old Harmful Habits |
D.Taking Friendship Seriously |
【推荐3】These days we are bringing up kids in a generation (一代) that we like to call the iPad generation. Kids enjoy spending hours playing on their computers and phones. Since it seems that most of us parents can’t live without the computer. (iPad, phone), it is normal for our kids to feel that that’s the way to go.
A lot of parents believe they shouldn’t let their kids use computers.
Let us talk about the Internet now. Is it a big bad wolf? Not really.
A.Make it an experience that your kid enjoys with you. |
B.They think that kids should do other things like riding a bike or playing out with friends. |
C.But as parents we find ourselves asking the same questions. |
D.If used properly, it has a number of information to offer our kids. |
E.Well, we shouldn’t stop our kids from using the computer. |
F.Do you like using the Internet? |
G.It’s bad for your health to use it too much. |