By the year 2050, it is estimated that the world’s population will reach nine billion. An interesting question: what happens when people in poorer countries raise their living standard and demand more meat in their diet? Imagine trying to feed nine billion people with enough meat. In short, it’s simply impossible.
Australian journalist and science writer, Julian Cribb, explains the challenges the world faces in feeding nine billion people by the year 2050. Cribb says there is a major problem in the current food system in the developed world, at least. As more and more people move towards city centers, the less and less they know about where their food comes from. Most think food simply grow on supermarket shelves, and they don’t consider the environmental effects of food production.
Food has many hidden cost: huge volumes of water, energy use and land degradation (退化) . Consumers add their own costs by simply throwing away a lot of food. The figures for food waste in West are staggering.
To solve this problem of public ignorance (无知) about food, Cribb suggests that food should be taught as a subject at primary school. This would help to create a future generation that could better deal with the world’s coming food challenges. This powerful measure can help to raise a generation of educated consumers, more productive farmers, and so on.
Cribb offers other solutions and suggestions as well. One is to increase the funding for agriculture science, which has been falling by the wayside in recent years. He suggested organic (有机的) farming should be understood on a scientific basis, changing people’s thinking to one of a new form of “environmental agriculture” to get the very best out of organic farming systems. He says we should stop wasting food and learn how to grow food more cheaply. We should use less water, as water is one of the main inputs into food production. Cribb also suggests eating more fruit and vegetables.
1. What is the meaning of the underlined word?| A．Confusing. | B．Surprising | C．Puzzling | D．Pleasing. |
| A．To educate students about the food problem. |
| B．To help students understand how to grow food. |
| C．To develop agricultural science. |
| D．To train more productive farmers. |
| A．The public should save food and save water. |
| B．Organic agriculture costs a lot of resources. |
| C．More money should be used for agricultural science. |
| D．People should eat less meat but more fruit and vegetables. |
| A．a science magazine | B．a story book |
| C．an advertisement | D．a guidebook of travelling |
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Wise use of free time does not mean getting an advanced degree, although the mental encouragement gained through education is unbeatable in keeping your mind active. Learning new things nearly always adds a spark to your daily life, especially if it is a favorite topic, such as sport, fashion, or art. Also, look through your bookstore or library to find books on your interests. Try to replace a half hour TV watching with reading.Z_X
It is reported that in the United States recently, many individuals have as few as two good friends. Long work hours and car
Using your free time to aid your health may include these elements and many more, such as going to concerts and spending time with family. Overall, the key is to spend less free time being passive. The best ways to use free time are to be mentally and physically active, spend some time outdoors, and interact with other people on a regular basis.
1. What can we learn from the passage?
| A．Watching television may cause women to feel depressed. |
| B．Finding interests and hobbies in common means taking a class. |
| C．Going to concerts is the best way to make you mentally active. |
| D．Getting an advanced degree in education always lights up your life. |
| A．The arrangement to work every day. |
| B．The journey to work every day. |
| C．The communication between people. |
| D．The separation between people. |
| A．Live a Happy and Healthy Life. |
| B．Relax Yourself in Various Ways. |
| C．Spend Your Free Time Wisely. |
| D．Interact With Others Outdoors. |
Put a smoke alarm in the house. Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off. The alarm makes a loud sound. The sound tells everyone to leave the house at once.
Make escape(逃跑) plans. They should know all the ways out of the house. If there is a fire, everyone follows the plan to get out. Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure they can be opened easily.
Buy fire extinguishers in the house. Everyone in the family should know how to use them.
Practise for a fire. They do fire practice because they teach children about fire safety.
Everyone in the family should know the following fire rules：
●Don't open a hot door! The fire can grow more quickly if you open the door.
●Stay close to the floor! Smoke can be more dangerous than fire.The best air is near the floor because smoke rises.
●What will you do if your hair or clothes start to burn? First, stop!
Don't run! The fire burns faster because of more air, Drop! Fall to the floor. Then roll(滚动)! Turning over and over will make the fire go out. Put a blanket(毯子) around you to keep air away from the fire that may still be on you.
There are many possible causes for fires. A wise(明智的) family is ready all the time. If there is a fire, don't forget to call 119 for help.
1. What does it mean when a smoke alarm rings at home?
| A．You have to get up. |
| B．Water is running to the floor. |
| C．Something is burning. |
| D．Something is broken. |
| A．they practise for a fire |
| B．they make escape plans |
| C．they use electrical cookers |
| D．they buy fire extinguishers |
| A．the fire will grow more quickly |
| B．the electricity will be cut off |
| C．the door will soon be on fire |
| D．the window will open |
| A．Stop, run and roll. | B．Stop, drop and roll. |
| C．Run, drop and roll. | D．Run, roll and drop. |
| A．The danger of a fire |
| B．The cause of a fire |
| C．Be ready for a fire |
| D．How to use extinguishers |
What can help us when we fail?
Failure is a part of life since our earliest moment of life. We often think of failure as something bad.
● Don’t be afraid of failure
● Never stop trying
Trying or learning something new is often half the battle, don’t give up trying. You may get disappointed because of failure.
Nobody can be our safety nets all the time in our lives only we can act as our own safety nets. Become your own best friend; do everything that you can possibly do for yourself.
● Don’t look back
We spend too much of our lives looking back. There’s nothing back there to see.
| A．Failure is how we learn |
| B．Learn to depend on ourselves |
| C．But failure is a normal and natural part of life |
| D．Failure is a happy thing |
| E．But if you give up, your progress will come to an end |
| F．We can do everything that we can possibly do for ourselves |
| G．Spend just 10 percent more of your time looking forward to what life holds for you in the future |
【推荐1】Have you ever wanted to be in a TV show or movie? There is a new app that lets you put yourself in your favorite shows. But some people are worried about this app.
The app is called ZAO. A tech company called Momo released (发布) it last month. It lets users to put their face over another person’s face in a video or photo. Users can put themselves into popular TV shows and movies. For example, you can put your face into the movie Titanic. Your face will replace Jack’s or Rose’s. It looks very natural. Since the app came out on Aug 30, it has been the most-downloaded (下载最多的) free app in China as of Sept 10, according to App Annie, a website that tracks app data.
But some people worry about how the app could be abused (滥用). People can use the app to make themselves look like politicians (政治家) or celebrities (名人). They could also violate (侵犯) celebrities’ right of publicity (公开权) by using their faces to make videos. People could also make videos for illegal (不合法的) use.
Other people worry that they might lose their facial recognition data (面部识别数据). It is possible that hackers (黑客) could steal (窃取) this data from app companies and use it to break into users’ phones and steal their money.
1. What do we know about ZAO?| A．It’s illegal to use ZAO. |
| B．ZAO will soon lose most of its users. |
| C．Many people use ZAO because it’s safe to use. |
| D．It is discussed by its users holding different opinions. |
| A．People can perform in real TV shows. |
| B．People can put their faces into videos and photos. |
| C．People can download movies for free. |
| D．People can make themselves look more beautiful. |
| A．spend lots of money on the app |
| B．be caught by the police |
| C．violate the movie star’s right of publicity |
| D．be rich and successful |
| A．How to use ZAO the right way. | B．How to stop hackers from using ZAO. | C．Why so many people like ZAO. | D．Why people worry about ZAO. |
| A．a computer game | B．a tech company | C．a popular app | D．a famous TV show |
【推荐2】Scientists think that there has been life on earth for millions of years. However, we haven’t found life on other planets yet. The earth is a planet and it goes around the sun. And there are seven other planets that also go around the sun. The sun and its planets are called the solar system. The solar system is a small part of the universe.
Scientists has launched many spaceships to explore other planets in the solar system. Some spaceships have gone beyond the solar system. However, no one has discovered any life in space yet.
Why has no one from other planets sent us a message? Have they tried to send information to us? With so many stars in space, are we alone, or is there life on other planets in space?
1. Scientists think that there has been life on earth for .| A．millions years | B．millions of years | C．million years | D．million of years |
| A．the moon | B．the solar system | C．the sun | D．the universe |
| A．the planets | B．the universe | C．the spaceship | D．the earth |
| A．Some explorers | B．Some planets | C．Some scientists | D．Some spaceships |
| A．Is There Life Out There? | B．Our Planet. | C．The Stars at Night. | D．The Spaceship. |
【推荐3】“What! You, too? I thought I was the only one.” Have you ever said this to someone? If so, you may have ended up becoming friends with this person.
It seems that similarity often helps form friendships. The Greek philosopher (哲学家) Aristotle once said, “Some define (下定义) it [friendship] as a matter of similarity; They say that we love those who are like ourselves.”
Now, there is some science behind this idea. Scientists from University of California said friends have similar brains, Scientific American reported.
The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in an experiment. Each student watched the same set of videos, which included a comedy, a debate (讨论) and a soccer match. Meanwhile, scientists scanned (扫描) their brains and recorded their brain activity.
According to their scans, friends who watched the same video clips (视频片段) reacted in similar ways. Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos, especially parts that are connected with motivation (动力), learning and memory.
However, people who weren’t friends had different reactions to the same clips.
Having close friends whose brains react like ours “may be rewarding (有益的) because it reinforces (加强) one’s own values, opinions, and interests,” lead scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business Insider.
But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship. Scientists from the University of Leipzig, Germany, found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone.
They did an experiment with first-year college students who met in class for the first time. In this experiment, students who sat in neighboring seats were more likely to become friends.
1. What does “this idea” in Paragraph 3 refer to?| A．We like those who like us first. |
| B．Many friendships start with small chats. |
| C．People who are similar to each other might become friends. |
| D．Friends try to develop similarities between themselves. |
| A．They had watched the same video clips. |
| B．Friends had similar reactions to the same clips. |
| C．Watching videos improves one’s memory. |
| D．It’s good to have friends who react similarly. |
| A．Being fun and helpful. | B．Studying at the same college. |
| C．Having a similar appearance to someone else. | D．Being physically close. |
| A．Develop Real Friendship | B．Being Physically Close |
| C．Friends Think Alike | D．The Way of Building Friendship |
【推荐1】The Science magazine reported that scientists had successfully grown meat in their laboratory by November, 2018. The news aroused heated discussion among the public. Is the meat safe? Is it any different? Why do we have to grow meat in a lab? People have tons of questions about this. And the scientists said that the lab-grown meat is produced when cells from animals are grown under lab conditions. It isn't like plant-based meat substitutes (替代品) made from vegetable proteins (蛋白质), since cell-based meat is grown from actual animal cells. This means that it is an animal product, so not suitable for vegetarians.
Is cell-cultured meat the same as ordinary meat? The muscle fibers (纤维) produced in the lab are the same as those found in steak, said leading researchers in this technology at Maastricht University in The Netherlands. But they pointed out that to get the same nutrient. (营养物) content that is found in red meat, they need to make some changes to the procedure. Scientists say they are also looking into changing the type of fat in lab-grown meat, for example.
Some people have concerns with growing meat in the lab. Some say this method of meat production would result in less land and water use. Others argue that growing meat in the lab would influence the environment more negatively than our traditional way of raising cattle. It would take massive amounts of energy resources to produce meat in this way, they say.
Some groups have petitioned (请求) the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to better define the term “meat”. They want to know if we are buying the traditionally produced type or the cultured variety. Hopefully we will see some labeling guidelines on these products before they show up in grocery stores. And that may be a few years away. Regulatory issues and cost - the first lab-grown hamburger patty (肉饼) cost $330,000 (2274,900 yuan) - could delay the arrival of cultured meat.
1. It’s reported that the scientists have successfully ______ in their lab in November.| A．grown meat | B．eaten meat |
| C．got nutrient | D．made a hamburger patty |
| A．is the same as ordinary meat |
| B．has the same muscle fibers as those in pork |
| C．has the same nutrient content as that in red meat |
| D．will perhaps have different types of fat |
| A．the US FDA feels it necessary to label different kinds of meat |
| B．grocery stores have already been selling cultured meat to the public |
| C．it's for sure that no one will buy cultured meat in the future |
| D．cultured meat will meet challenge because of regulatory issues and cost |
【推荐2】Everyone has worries. How do you deal with your worries? There is always something you can do to help yourself feel less worried. Sitting there worrying is no use and it can’t solve your problems. Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. If you worry most about grades, ask yourself these questions:
◆Why are grades important? What do grades mean to me?
◆How do I get ready for class? Do I go over my notes even when there isn’t a test?
◆Do I have a good learning environment?
◆Have I tried different ways of studying?
If your worry is about a fight with your friend, you might write down all the things you could do—write a note to him or her, invite him or her to watch a basketball game, say sorry to him or her and so on. Once you have a list of things to do, you could choose one thing that may get your friend back.
You can ask for help when you’re worried. You can find someone to talk to, such as your parents, friends and teachers.
1. What do kids often worry most about?| A．Their friends. | B．Their schoolwork. |
| C．Their habits. | D．Their grades at school. |
| A．Why not give up studies? | B．Why are grades important? |
| C．How do I get ready for class? | D．What do grades mean to me? |
| A．leave him or her | B．try to make new friends |
| C．invite him or her to watch a game | D．refuse to speak to him or her |
Here is some interesting information about mobile use.
How fast is mobile Internet growing?
By 2014, mobile Internet should take over computer Internet use .It is predicted that mobile Internet users will be much more than computer Internet users.
How much do people use their mobile phones?
On average, Americans spend 2.7 hours per day on their mobile phones .That’s over twice the amount of time they spend eating and over 1/3 of the time they spend sleeping each day.
What do people use their mobile phones for?
Games 61﹪ Weather 55﹪ Maps /search 50﹪ Social Networking 49﹪
Music 42﹪ News 36﹪ Entertainment 33﹪ Dining 25﹪ Video 21﹪
1. According to the passage ,the first thing you look for is when you get up.
| A．computers | B．televisions | C．mobiles | D．Internets |
| A．超过 | B．改变 | C．提高 | D．消灭 |
| A．reading news | B．playing games |
| C．enjoying music | D．watching videos |
| A．Mobile users are very rich |
| B．Mobiles are rather popular in people’s life now |
| C．Mobiles are very useful and expensive |
| D．Mobile users have their ID card in their mobiles |
| A．some interesting information about mobile use |
| B．how many people are using mobile phones? |
| C．what kind of mobile phones are being used by people |
| D．what people use their mobile phone for |
