How many tests do you have to take at school for a day? How do you usually prepare for them or are you really able to prepare for each of them well? Understanding how your brain works can be very helpful for you.
Our memory is in fact made up of three parts—sensory memory, short-term memory and long-term memory. Sensory memory takes in information from our five senses and stays for only a few seconds. Short-term memory is where we store the new information that we have just taken in. However, the information also won’t stay there very long if we don’t keep doing something to that information. In other words, we turn it into long-term memory, which includes everything from all our best friends’ birthdays to our favourite poems. When studying, either for tests or other purposes, you are trying to turn the information from the books into long-term memory.
Remember that our brain works better when we are interested in a subject, already have basic knowledge about it, and know that we are going to need it for future use. So helpful methods include speaking out the ideas loud in your own words or draw a picture of the information. Also, remember that our brain can deal with limited information at one time, so filling your brain with materials for several tests in one night isn’t a good idea.
1. In which part of a magazine can you read this passage?| A．Art. | B．Sports. | C．History. | D．Science. |
| A．You’d better turn what’s written on books into your long-term memory. |
| B．To do well on the tests, you must build up your short-term memory. |
| C．Being good at short-term memory is helpful for learning history. |
| D．Remember to use your sensory memory as it’s the first step in learning. |
| A．By telling stories. | B．By explaining the reasons. |
| C．By making questions. | D．By comparing differences. |
| A．The best way to prepare for several tests at a time. |
| B．Different parts of the brain work in different ways. |
| C．Better use of the brain leads to better learning results. |
| D．How the brain turns sensory memory into long-term memory. |
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【推荐1】Each of us has dreams and goals for our future. What makes us study and make progress each day is closely connected with our personal dream and goal.
But why do you still end up with nothing when you have dreams and goals? What separates successful people from the dreamers is their persistent (坚持的) action. When you learn your lessons in school, you must work hard and not give up. You will often find some of your lessons very hard. Try and keep trying, and you’ll be sure to successfully deal with any difficulty you meet with. If we have a hard lesson today, let us try our best to learn it well and then we shall be prepared for a harder one tomorrow.
This is the famous formula (公式) for success: Dream>Believe> Achieve. Most people have what they want (Dream) and think they can realize their dreams (Believe). And then they do nothing. They just imagine their dreams can come true. When they get tired of waiting and lose a lot, they get bored. They say angrily how dreadful their life is.
I personally believe that if you really want to achieve your dreams and goals in life, you have to add one thing to your success formula: Dream>Believe>Act>Achieve. For me, the act is the most important thing for success and that’s to Take Persistent Action (Act). If you say “I can’t do it” and give up, you can never do anything valuable. However, “I’ll try” creates wonders. Let’s remember that there will be difficulties in our life. We must face them bravely and solve them. Success is not something that falls down from the sky. Most successful people made their dreams come true because of their persistent action.
Please remember: Action is the bridge that connects our dreams and goals to reality.
1. What makes someone just a dreamer but not a successful person?| A．Having no goals in life. | B．Losing a lot. |
| C．Never knowing the difficulty of life. | D．Being short of persistent action. |
| A．terrible | B．natural | C．sweet | D．wonderful |
| A．Dream>Believe>Achieve | B．Dream>Believe>Persist |
| C．Dream>Believe>Persist>Act | D．Dream>Believe>Act>Achieve |
| A．To find something valuable. | B．To explain the importance of taking action. |
| C．To make progress in studying. | D．To separate successful people from dreamers. |
①Only some of us have dreams and goals for our future.
②There will be difficulties in our life and we should try our best to avoid them.
③Success does not falls down from the sky.
④Many successful people realize their dreams by taking persistent actions.
| A．①② | B．①③ | C．③④ | D．②④ |
【推荐2】Do you have any learning skills? Here are some ways of good students.
“If I don’t understand what my teacher is explaining in science, I would ask him to say it again,” says Anna Lee. “And asking more helps a lot.”
“When a teacher asks us to do a lot of homework,” says Dave Roman, “I will draw up a timetable and plan to do it little by little, so it isn’t so tiring.”
One student put a vocabulary list on the wall of the bathroom. He learned a new word every day while brushing his teeth. Another student used the time to remember biology terms while practicing running.
In high school, Mike played football, painted and was in the band. “I was so busy that I couldn’t waste time looking for a pencil or missing paper. I kept everything in order,” he says.
Christi is an excellent student in the university. If her math teacher asks her to do five problems, she does ten. If the history teacher asks her to read five pages, she reads ten. “Part of learning is practicing,” she says. “The more you practice, the more you learn.”
| A．Get your things in order. |
| B．Plan your time well. |
| C．Study anywhere or everywhere. |
| D．Speak out and ask more. |
| E．Do more things. |
You can read up your favorite skateboard star, e-mail or text your friends. You can do a lot of wonderful things online.
The loss of Internet ID can cause big problems. So it is important to make your Internet ID safe. If someone can get on the Internet with your username, you have no control over what they do or say. And everyone will think it’s you! So don’t ever let anyone know your username for the Internet.
Take good care of your private information. Never tell an online stranger where you live. Your address can make it much easier for bad people to find you. Your phone number is another important piece of personal information.
| A．Not all websites are safe for students. |
| B．That’s why the Internet is so amazing! |
| C．Once it’s out online, it can bring you much trouble. |
| D．Stick to these websites and don’t go out to try something new. |
| E．Also, don’t share your passwords with anyone except your parents. |
【推荐1】Have you ever noticed the paper you use? Do you really know it? Paper, as one of the four great inventions in ancient China, can be seen everywhere in our life. Although it is very common, it can always play an important role. The invention of paper changed the way people wrote and greatly promoted the spread（传播）and development of culture.
Paper is an important invention in ancient China. At first, humans depended on ropes to remind themselves of some important things. Then written words began to appear. Oracle bones（甲骨文）were used as writing material. Other materials including bamboo, wood and silk were also used during the Spring and Autumn Period. But the silk was too expensive and the bamboo pieces were too heavy, so paper was invented and produced. Thanks to the invention and popularization（普及）of paper, a large amount of information in ancient times was able to spread among people.
________. It is a carrier（载体）of writing and printing. Painters use it to describe the beauty of the world, writers use it to tell the warmth of the world, and educators use it to spread knowledge. It is also used for packing（打包）things. Of course there is also paper for other purpose, such as printing paper and toilet paper.
Paper plays a great role in our life and is used for many kinds of purposes. We can’t imagine the life without paper.
1. What does the underlined word “promoted” mean?| A．pushed | B．stopped | C．found | D．avoided |
| A．The spread of people’s writing tools. | B．The social development of ancient people. |
| C．The change of writing system. | D．The change of writing material. |
| A．Paper is a cheap material in our life | B．Not all people use paper at that time |
| C．Paper is quite useful in our life | D．Paper is a creative method of writing material for people then |
【推荐2】The term “Social phobia（社交恐惧症）” is popular recently. Young people are describing themselves as having “social phobia”. They prefer not to go out much, saying that it’s hard for them to make new friends. But is this a “real” disorder（病症）?
In fact, this is just a reaction（反应）to some social situations（情况）. US researcher Tashiro wrote the book Awkward. He explains that these young people don’t “read” social situations correctly and therefore end up feeling uncomfortable. For example, they might be afraid of breaking some unspoken rules. So they prefer to stay at home instead of going out to meet new people. But this doesn’t mean they have social phobia.
“Real” Social phobia is also called social anxiety（焦虑）. People with social anxiety want to go out and communicate with people, but they are so scared that they cannot leave their homes. Their brains simply won’t allow them to interact with others in a normal way. People with social phobia disorder can ever experience panic attacks（惊恐发作）.
Fortunately, there are some ways to treat social anxiety. Some people use self-help books to help them control over their minds. Therapy and some drugs can also help.
1. What does paragraph 1 say about some young people?| A．They often go out alone. | B．They find it hard to make friends with others. |
| C．They are developing new social skills. | D．They like to make new friends. |
| A．They are suffering from social phobia. |
| B．They should learn to follow social rules. |
| C．They should avoid uncomfortable situations. |
| D．They sometimes can’t understand social situations correctly. |
| A．Their brains. | B．Social situations. | C．Other people. | D．Their family. |
| A．Self-help books. | B．Therapy. | C．Drugs. | D．Enough sleep. |
| A．How to improve our social skills. | B．Why people often feel anxious. |
| C．What real social phobia is like. | D．How social phobia affects everyone. |
| The story of… |
| Storytelling Storytelling is the activity of telling or writing stories. Stories can be real or made up, can be long or short, and can be about any subject. People have always told stories to please each other or to tell people about their world. |
| Oral history Because early people couldn't read or write, they passed on stories by telling them to each other. The storyteller often acted out bits of the history. People still tell stories in this way today. |
| Fairy tales A fairy tale is a story that includes magic and characters such as fairies, witches, goblins or giants. Fairy tales tell the story of good versus evil, and usually have a happy ending. Sleeping Beauty, Aladdin, and The Boy Who Cried Wolf are all examples of fairy tales. |
| What is a story? A story is a made-up description of imaginary or real events and people. The Chinese story of Pangu is an imaginary one. |
| Animal stories Many stories feature animals as their main characters. These animals speak and dress like real people, although they often live in animal homes. |
1. According to the passage, early people passed on stories mainly by __________.
| A．writing events on the stone | B．drawing pictures on the wall |
| C．telling stories to one another | D．making marks on the wood |
| A．A fairy tale usually has a pleasant ending. |
| B．The Boy Who Cried Wolf is an animal story. |
| C．A made-up story should be as long as possible. |
| D．The Chinese story of Pangu is about a real event. |
| A．Health | B．Animal | C．Science | D．Education |
【推荐1】Are you still worried about how to get your phone charged (充电)? Now, a 19-year-old teenager can help you solve this problem. He has invented a phone charger which uses energy from your own body to charge your phone.
Hand Energy, the wonderful invention by the inventor Michael Vaga, allows you to charge your phone simply by shaking your hand, which starts the charger’s gyroscope (陀螺仪) to produce electricity. And the electricity can then either be stored or used to charge a phone immediately (立即).
He said, “With each rotation (旋转) of your hand, the gyroscope’s speed increases quickly and produces more power. The average (平均的) speed of the gyroscope is about 5,000 rounds per minute. With this small charger, your physical energy can be turned into electrical energy and this means you can charge your phone.”
Hand Energy can help you produce endless electricity. You can use it everywhere you want. It is especially useful to people who have to spend a long time in the wild. What’s more, it’s friendly to the environment and helps you exercise your wrists. It takes between 40 minutes and one hour to fully charge the batteries in Hand Energy.
The invention took Vaga a year to develop. Now, the inventor from Minsk, Belarus is ready to put it into production and send out the creative convenient chargers. It will be available with an expected price of 84 pounds.
1. The energy of the new charger comes from _______.| A．the sun | B．your body |
| C．the batteries | D．your phone |
| A．The teachers. | B．The medical workers. |
| C．The drivers. | D．The field workers. |
| A．the more you shake, the more power it produces |
| B．the charger helps protect the environment |
| C．we can buy the charger online in China |
| D．it will be sold at the price of 84 pounds |
【推荐2】
The Beginning of Winter, or Lidong in Chinese is usually marked on November 7 or 8. It is the 19th solar term of the 24 Solar Terms (节气), and the first solar term in winter. Lidong, Lichun, Lixia and Liqiu are called the “Four Rites” (四立). As soon as the Lidong solar term arrives, it means that winter officially begins. The climate (气候) is characterized by an increase in northerly winds and a decrease in temperature.
To welcome Lidong, people have many colorful customs (风俗) that light up the cold days. In ancient society, sacrificing the beginning of winter (祭祀立冬) was a very important festival. People prayed (祈祷) for a bountiful year (丰年) from heaven for the coming year.
One of the most popular customs is to have a big meal. In northern China, people prefer eating dumplings during the beginning of the winter season. Because dumplings look like ears, people believe that after eating them, the ears will not freeze in winter. And dumpling is homophonic (谐音) for “Jiaozi” (交子), meaning that the beginning of winter is the turn of autumn and winter seasons. While in the southern part of China, people tend to eat high-caloried (热量较高的) foods, such as chicken, duck, fish, and so on.
A certain degree of sporting activities increases the human body’s resistance (抵抗) to cold winter. So today, people use new ways to welcome winter, such as winter swimming. It not only benefits the body but also increases the fun of life.
1. What does the Paragraph 1 mainly talk about?| A．The timetable of the 24 solar terms. |
| B．The importance of “Four Rites”. |
| C．A brief introduction to Lidong . |
| A．People sacrificed and prayed for a bountiful year. |
| B．People chose to eat high-caloried foods. |
| C．People ate dumplings during the beginning of the winter season. |
| A．To talk about the history of the beginning of winter. |
| B．To introduce the traditional customs of the beginning of winter. |
| C．To show other names of the beginning of winter. |
| A．Because people believe eating dumplings will not make ears freeze. |
| B．Because the pronunciation of dumplings in Chinese has a special meaning. |
| C．Both A and B. |
| A．In a culture report. | B．In a geography magazine. | C．In a science book. |
【推荐3】The new high-speed railway connecting Beijing with China’s northeastern provinces not only shortens travel time, but also has high technology and an environmentally friendly design. The new line opened on Friday and showed China’s strong ability to build high-tech and green high-speed railway and infrastructure（基础设施）.
The new line links Beijing with Shenyang, Changchun and Harbin—the capital cities of China’s three northeastern provinces—and shortens travel time between Beijing and Harbin in the northern most Heilongjiang province to less than 5 hours. Two old routes took more than 7 or 8 hours. Trains running on the line will initially travel at a top speed of 300 kilometers per hour, the company said, but then its maximum design speed is 350 km/h.
A part of the route from Harbin to Shenyang, Liaoning, was put into operation in 2012. Another part from Shenyang to Chengde, Hebei, began to serve in 2018. The 192 km part from Chengde to Beijing opened on Friday. To reduce noise from railway operations, engineers designed a 1,840-meter “tunnel-like” sound barrier（屏障）on the part that passes a residential area between Beijing’s fourth and fifth ring roads.
The new line has 46 bridges and 30 tunnels. The station is based on environmentally friendly thoughts, the station’s designer Wang Qingyi said. Also, an electricity-saving system has been used to save energy. Because of the new design, lights are not turned on during the day, when the lobby is bright enough for passengers.
A new type of bullet train that can operate under temperatures as low as -40℃ runs on the line. The new train can endure（忍受）extremely cold weather, and provides Braille on the door of restrooms, said Ren Mengyi, the chief leader.
1. What is the advantage of the new railway?| A．It is very long. |
| B．It costs less money. |
| C．It runs very smoothly. |
| D．It is environmentally friendly. |
| A．自由地 | B．简单地 | C．最初地 | D．满意地 |
| A．At least 2 hours. | B．Less than 5 hours. |
| C．More than 7 hours. | D．More than 8 hours. |
| A．It has 46 bridges and 30 tunnels. |
| B．It has an electricity-saving system. |
| C．Lights are always turned on during the day. |
| D．It can be good for the environment. |
| A．The new line between Beijing and northwestern provinces. |
| B．The scientific design of the new high-speed railway. |
| C．The rapid development of high-speed railway. |
| D．The features of the new high-speed railway. |
