Have you ever looked at the sky and thought about darkness? Is it nothing? Or is there something in the dark? Cosmologists (宇宙学家) try to answer questions about things in space. They even study the darkness in space. They say the universe is about 5 percent “normal” matter—things we can see, like Earth and other planets, and the sun and other stars. But about 70 percent of the universe is something called dark energy.
Cosmologists say the other 25 percent of the universe is dark matter. Dark matter has some weight. It’s heavy so we know it’s there. But we can’t see it, so it is very hard to study something that you can’t see!
One possible kind of dark matter is a brown dwarf (褐矮星). A brown dwarf is too big to be a planet and too small to be a star. Brown dwarfs are colder than stars, and they don’t give off light that people can see. Cosmologists found them by using a telescope that finds heat. They found the first brown dwarf in 1995.
Cosmologists know a lot about one kind of dark matter—black holes. In 1783, an English astronomer, John Michell, guessed that there were black holes. But cosmologists didn’t find any black holes until 188 years later. Since then, they’ve found many black holes in space.
It’s very dark with much gravity (引力) in a black hole. There is so much gravity in a black hole that nothing can get out, not even light. This is why we can’t see them. Cosmologists find black holes by looking at things around them.
For example, stars and gases near a black hole move very fast.
Things in space can fall into a black hole, and when they do, they can never get out. But don’t worry—Earth will never fall into a black hole because there is not one close enough.
1. When did cosmologists first find black holes?| A．In 1783. | B．In 1971. | C．In 1995. | D．In 1595. |
| A．They are as big as planets or stars. | B．They give off light that people can sec. |
| C．The first one was found by using a telescope. | D．They are much hotter than stars and planets. |
| A．Black Holes in Space. | B．Dark Energy in Space. |
| C．Normal Matter in the Universe. | D．Dark Matter in the Universe. |
| A．We have known nothing about dark matter so far. |
| B．Earth could fall into a black hole in several centuries. |
| C．The earth is too far away from a black hole to fall into it. |
| D．The biggest black hole is as big as ten billion of our sun. |
相似题推荐
Is there life on Mars? We don’t know.
We’re sure that people on the earth are not able to live on Mars. People need oxygen to breathe. There is almost no oxygen on Mars.
Living on Mars would be like living on a very high mountain. There would be little air.
The temperature might be 50 degrees above zero at noon and 140 degrees below zero at night. Many people think there may be plants on Mars. We know that on Mars there is carbon. This is a kind of material found in all plants and animals on the earth. Through a telescope, Mars looks red. In some places, it seems gray. At times the gray color turns gray-green, then brown, then gray again. The gray-green color may be a kind of plant life changing color with the seasons.
Will men go to Mars one day? If they do, they must take their own oxygen, food and clothing with them.
1. There is enough oxygen for us to live on Mars.2. It’s too hot in the daytime and it’s too cold at night on Mars.
3. We can find carbon in all plants and animals on the earth.
4. Sometimes Mars looks blue.
5. If one day we can go to Mars, we must take enough oxygen, food and clothing with us.
【推荐2】When you look at the sky at night, the Moon looks bigger than the stars. Actually (实际上), the Moon is much smaller than the stars and the Sun. But the Moon is much closer to us than any star. That is why it looks so big.
The Moon moves around the Earth. It makes one trip in about four weeks. The Moon looks flat (平坦的) to us. But it is a round (圆形的) ball, like the Earth.
People once thought the Moon had fire on it. They thought the fire made it bright. Now we know the Moon is like a mirror. It gets its light from the Sun.
The sunlight comes from the Sun too. The Sun gives us light and warmth (温暖). It makes plants grow and turns leaves green. It makes life possible on the Earth. It is a life-giving star.
1. How long does it take the Moon to travel once (一次) around the Earth?| A．Less than a week. | B．Nearly a month. |
| C．Half a year. | D．More than a year. |
| A．Because there is some fire on it. | B．Because it is near the Sun. |
| C．Because there is a big mirror on it. | D．Because it gets light from the Sun. |
| A．The Moon is much smaller than the stars and the Sun. |
| B．The Moon is much bigger than the stars and the Sun. |
| C．The Moon had fire on it. |
| D．The sunlight comes from the Moon. |
| A．Because it gives us water. |
| B．Because there are some living things on it. |
| C．Because plants and animals can’t live without it. |
| D．Because people have to live in the dark without it. |
| A．Interesting facts about the Moon | B．The Moon and the Sun |
| C．Light from the Sun | D．The Earth |
【推荐3】From far out in space, Earth looks like a blue ball. Since water covers three-fourths of the Earth’s surface, blue is the color we see most. The continents（陆地）look brown, like small islands floating in the huge, blue sea. White clouds cover around the Earth like a light blanket（毯子）. The Earth is shaped like a sphere, or a ball. It is 25, 000 miles around! It would take more than a year to walk around the whole planet. A spaceship can fly around the widest part of the sphere in only 90 minutes.
Even though spaceships have traveled to the Moon, people cannot visit the Moon without special suits. The Moon has no air or water. Plants and animals can’t live there either. Astronauts first landed on the Moon in 1969. After that, there were six more trips to the Moon. They brought back Moon rocks, which scientists are still studying. There are holes, or craters（火山口）, all over the Moon’ s surface. Scientists believe that meteorites（陨石）smashed into the Moon millions of years ago and formed the craters.
The Sun is the closest star to Earth. A star is a hot ball of burning gas. The Sun looks very big because it is so close. But the Sun is just a medium-sized star. Billions of far-away stars are much bigger than our Sun. The burning gases from the Sun are so hot that they warm the Earth from 93 million miles away! Even though the Sun is always shining, the night here on Earth is dark. That's because the Earth rotates, or turns around, every 24 hours. During the day, the Earth faces the Sun. Then we see light. During the night, the Earth turns away from the Sun. Then it faces the darkness of space.
Each day we learn more about the Earth, the Moon and the Sun.
1. When we look at the Earth from outer space, the color we see most is blue because ________.| A．most of the Earth is covered in land | B．the Sun’s rays make the Earth look blue |
| C．most of the Earth is covered in water | D．clouds wrap around the Earth |
| A．制造 | B．撞击 | C．打破 | D．得到 |
| A．The full Moon | B．The Earth facing away from the Sun |
| C．The heat of the Sun’s rays | D．The Earth facing towards the Sun |
| A．The Sun looks small because it is so far from Earth. |
| B．The Sun is a ball of burning gases that gives the Earth heat and light. |
| C．The Sun is a small star. |
| D．The Sun is not as hot as it looks. |
| A．plants and animals can’t live on the Moon |
| B．without the Sun we would have no heat or light |
| C．we know a lot about the Earth, Moon, and Sun, but there is still more to learn |
| D．from outer space, the Earth looks tiny, even though it is thousands of miles around |
【推荐1】Do you like drinking tea? Do you often drink tea? What tea do you like best? This is a list of some Chinese tea.
| Green tea | Green tea is the oldest and most popular type of tea. It has been enjoyed in China for thousands of years. Green tea is made from the new shoots (芽) of the tea leaves which are dried and processed. Longjing may be the most well-known brand of greet tea. |
| Black tea | In Chinese and the languages of neighboring countries, black tea is know as “red tea”. It is made from the new shoots of the tea leaves which are fermented (发酵的) and dried. It has a lovely red color. Dianhong and Yixing are popular brands of black tea. |
| Wulong tea | Wulong tea, also known as blue tea, is made from a mixture of green tea and black tea. It is said that people who drink Wulong tea can lose weight. Wenshan Baozhong Tea and Dongding Wulong Tea are two famous brands of this popular tea. |
| White tea | White tea is unfermented tea that has been quickly dried. It is lighter in color than other types of tea. Popular brands of white tea are White Peony and Silver Needle. |
1. ________ is the oldest kind of tea according to the passage.
| A．Blue tea | B．Green tea | C．White tea | D．Red tea |
| A．Black tea | B．White tea | C．Green tea | D．Wulong tea |
| A．Black tea is a kind of unfermented tea. |
| B．Some people think Wulong tea can help them lose weight. |
| C．Longjing is a famous braond of greet tea. |
| D．The color of white tea is lighter than other kids of tea. |
| A．the new shoots of the tea leaves which are dried and processed |
| B．the new shoots of the tea leaves which are fermented (发酵的) and dried |
| C．a mixture of green tea and black tea |
| D．unfermented tea that has been quickly dried |
| A．Those who live in Hangzhou. |
| B．Those who going to travel to Africa. |
| C．Those who want to improve their English. |
| D．Those who are interested in Chinese tea. |
【推荐2】Do you often listen to music at loud volumes? You should know that this habit is bad for your hearing, according to the World Health Organization （WHO）. Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss due to listening to loud noise for long periods of time, WHO said. Listening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can harm your hearing.
The United Nations has standards for safe listening. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 decibels（dB分贝）for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sound of a rock concert can be about 100 dB.
Loud noise is harmful to the inner ears（内耳）. Most of us are born with about 16, 000 hair cells （听毛细胞） in our inner ears. These cells detect （探测）sounds. However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. This is what causes hearing loss.
Some people might think that their music isn’t all that loud. But this can depend on where you are. For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it. Later, when you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet place, you might feel malaise.
WHO said the “ safe level” for most sound is below 80 decibels for up to 40 hours a week. A level of 80 decibels is roughly（大约）equal to the noise of a subway.
1. Which of the following may hurt our hearing?| A．Reading books aloud. | B．Talking with friends. |
| C．Listening to music loudly. | D．Using smart phones for a long time. |
| A．lower than 85 decibels for eight hours | B．louder than 100 decibels for fifteen minutes |
| C．louder than 80 decibels for fifteen hours | D．lower than 100 decibels for eight hours |
| A．The inner ears hurt. | B．The inner ears couldn’t work. |
| C．Some of the listening hair cells died. | D．The listening hair cells are too many. |
| A．afraid | B．relaxed | C．nervous | D．uncomfortable |
| A．WHO doesn’t have a “ safe level” for sound | B．the noise of a subway is about 80 decibels |
| C．we can go to a rock concert for three hours | D．it doesn’t matter where you listen to music |
【推荐3】The elephants live in Africa and in Asia. This elephant lives in Africa. It eats plants and a little fruit, but it doesn’t eat meat. It likes water.
There are only about 1,800 pandas in China and about 200 of them live in zoos. The panda eats about 30 kilos of bamboo a day as well as other plants. This black and white animal is the favorite of people all over the world.
The zebra is an African animal. Like the panda, it’s black and white. It eats leaves as well as grass, but the zebra doesn’t eat bamboo.
The tiger lives in Asia. It’s a very large animal and usually lives alone. It likes water and is good at swimming. It’s strong and catches many kinds of animals for food.
Monkeys live in Africa, Asia and America. There are about 200 kinds of monkeys. Monkeys eat meat, leaves, fruit and even eggs.
1. Where do elephants live?| A．Africa. | B．Asia. | C．America. | D．both A and B. |
| A．The elephant. | B．the panda. | C．the zebra. | D．the tiger. |
| A．The zebra is an African animal. | B．The zebra eats leaves, grass and bamboo. |
| C．the tiger usually lives alone. | D．Monkeys live in Africa, Asia and America. |
| A．the elephant likes water. | B．the panda eats much bamboo a day. |
| C．the tiger eats lot of other animals. | D．A. B and C. |
| A．Three. | B．Four. | C．Five. | D．Six. |
【推荐1】If a person wants to be fit, he should eat well, get a lot of exercise, and keep a healthy weight. Here are some suggestions if you want to be fit.
First, eat different kinds of foods, one of the most important thing is to eat fruit and vegetables. You may have your favorite food, but you’d better eat something different. If you eat different foods, you will get more nutrients your body needs. Second, drink water and milk as often as possible. When you’re really thirsty, water is the important choice. Milk is a great drink that can give you calcium (钙). Your body needs calcium to grow strong bones. Third, listen to your body. How do you feel when you are full? When you are eating, notice how your body feels and when your stomach feels comfortably full. Eating too much will not make you feel comfortable and will make you fat. Fourth, limit (限制) screen time. Screen time is the time when you watch TV or use a computer or a smart phone. It’s better to take more exercise such as playing basketball, bike riding and swimming. It’s harmful (有害的) to watch TV for more than two hours a day. At last, be active. One thing you’d like to do is to find out your favourite activity. Find ways to be active and happy every day. Follow these suggestions and you’ll be a healthy kid.
1. What’s one of the important thing you should eat according to the passage?| A．Meat. | B．Rice. | C．Noodles. | D．Fruit. |
| A．饮食 | B．脂肪 | C．营养 | D．维生素 |
| A．Eat different kinds of foods. | B．Do some sports and limit screen time. |
| C．Keep active and happy. | D．All of the above. |
| A．You can eat your favorite food as much as possible. |
| B．You should try to live in an active way in your life. |
| C．You can watch TV as long as you like to get more information. |
| D．When you’re eating, you don’t have to notice how your body feel. |
| A．The ways to be healthy. | B．The ways to lose weight. |
| C．Keep healthy by eating. | D．Keep healthy by exercise. |
It’s very important to know yourself. It’s helpful to choose your own jobs in the future. Everyone goes through mental and physical changes during adolescence (青春期). If you know yourself, you’ll deal with different kinds of stress more easily and you’ll be more successful as well. Although adolescence is difficult, it’ll be much easier if you try to manage your feelings better. Here are a few skills for you to deal with your feelings.
Know about your feelings.
What feelings are you experiencing? For example, are you sad, stressed, angry, joyful or excited? You must know your own feelings now.
Accept your feelings.
Many people don’t want others to know their feelings. They always hide their true feelings. They think these feelings will go away over time. But they aren’t right. Remind yourself that it’s OK to feel your feelings.
Be familiar with your feelings.
How to understand your own feelings better? You can record how you’re feeling in the morning, afternoon and at night on a notebook. And you should also write down the changes in your body at different times.
Express your feelings.
Expressing your feelings in the right way is one of the best ways to make them disappear. You can cry, exercise, go shopping or talk to someone you trust. But no matter how you express your feelings, you can’t hurt yourself or others.
In your life, you may experience many different feelings. But as long as you deal with these feelings in the right way, you’ll be able to live comfortably.
1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about?| A．How to choose your jobs. |
| B．Some changes in adolescence. |
| C．Some skills to deal with your feelings. |
| D．The importance of knowing yourself and how to make adolescence easier. |
| A．Happy. | B．Different. | C．Difficult. | D．Lively. |
| A．Six. | B．Five. | C．Four. | D．Three. |
| A．P1/P2, P3, P4, P5, P6 | B．P1, P2, P3, P4, P5/P6 |
| C．P1, P2/P3, P4, P5/P6 | D．P1/P2, P3, P4, P5/P6 |
| A．A few skills to deal with feelings. | B．How to spend adolescence. |
| C．How to know yourself better. | D．How to deal with different kinds of stress more easily. |
【推荐3】Some people collect all kinds of paintings, drawings and photographs. Others collect goods（商品）such as balls, cards and clothes from their favorite sports. It seems easy to start a collection, but how do you become a smart collector? Here are several rules for you to follow.
Enjoy things you collect
Collect things that you are interested in. Collect things that you want to keep for a long time. Don’t waste your money and time on something you don’t really like. Think twice before you start a collection.
Learn to become an expert（专家）
Read a lot of books about the things you collect as well as visit many museums. Go to different markets and talk to antique experts there. Feel free to ask them a lot of questions. Don’t worry! Experts love to talk and share.
Look for the best
Collect things that are in good condition. An antique toy in perfect condition, for example, will be valuable（有价值）in the future. A similar toy in bad condition will not be as valuable.
Collect rare（稀有的）things
Rare things are more valuable than common（常见的）ones. If the things you collect are rare today, they will be more valuable in the future.
Everyone can be a smart collector. Why not start your collection in a wise way?
1. How many rules are mentioned（提及）in the text?| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Four. | D．Five. |
| A．Sellers in markets. | B．Experts in antiques. | C．Sellers in bookstores. | D．Workers in museums. |
| A．You should really love your collections. |
| B．Collecting common things is a wise way. |
| C．Collecting basketballs in bad condition is exciting. |
| D．You should often watch TV shows about old things. |
| A．Fine Art Collections | B．The Fun of Collecting |
| C．Be an Antique Expert | D．Be a Smart Collector |
