Cars powered by gasoline were sold for many years before hybrid vehicles that use gasoline, electricity, and solar energy. Car companies are now making cars that are fully powered by electricity only. How do these electric cars measure up to(符合标准)traditional gasoline cars?
Electric and gasoline vehicles look similar on the outside. They have very different parts under their hoods, though. Electric cars have one main moving part: the motor. But gas cars literally have hundreds of parts, often requiring frequent maintenance(保养). Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems.
Electric vehicles are energy efficient, also making them cheaper to operate. It costs about＄1.00 to travel 43 miles in an electric car, which is a clear contrast to a gas car, which costs about＄1.25 to go 18 miles. Basically, an electric car can go twice as far as a gas car for the same price.
Electric vehicles do not have tailpipe emissions, making them more friendly to the environment, too.
While some details make electric cars seem attractive, other details aren’t as favorable. For example, some electric cars can travel only 60 to 120 miles on a full charge(充电). Most gas cars can drive hundreds of miles on a full tank.
An electric car has to stop more often to get recharged. Therefore, a gas car would be a better option(选择) if you have far to drive. And electric cars aren’t as convenient(方便) to power up as gas cars are. There are plenty of gas stations, but not many charging stations for electric cars. Then, once an electric car reaches a charging station, it can take up to six hours to charge.
There are certainly benefits to both electric cars and gasoline cars. It’s good to know that there is an option.
Electric cars VS Gasoline cars | |
Introduction | With the appearance of electric cars, people wonder whether electric cars can achieve the |
Similarity | Electric cars and gasoline cars look similar on the outside. |
| Electric cars 1. Having fewer parts reduces the cost of their maintenance and the possibility of having mechanical problems. 2. 3. Having no tailpipe emissions, they are more environmentally friendly. 4. It takes more time for electric cars to get charged. Gasoline cars 1.Gas cars can cover a 2.Gas cars are more convenient to power up. | |
Conclusion | Both electric cars and gasoline cars have their own benefits, which provides people with a |
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【推荐1】In 1863, the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London, the Great Britain. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. It took three years to complete and was built with an interesting method. This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof (顶部) over the top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced (放回原处).
Steam engines (蒸汽机) were used to pull the carriages (车厢). The railway quickly became a great success, and more than 25,000 people were using it every day.
Later, engineers managed to build railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道). The Central London Railway was one of the most successful of the new lines, and was opened in 1900. It was very popular with the public. It keeps changing and developing over the years.
根据短文(C)内容完成表格，每空一词。
The country with the first underground passenger railway in the world | The |
The process of building the first underground passenger railway | Digging up the road, laying the track, building a strong roof over the top and replacing the road |
The | More than 25,000 every day. |
The | Being one of the most successful of the new lines, which has been |
| Train | From | To | Departure Time | Arrival Time |
| D11 | Beijing | Shenyang | 12:00 | 17:00 |
| T8 | Chengdu | Taiyuan | 9:50 | 7:06 |
| T7 | Taiyuan | Chengdu | 22:46 | 20:50 |
This is a train timetable. If you want to go to Shenyang from Beijing, you should take Train
In 1863, the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London, the Great Britain. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. It took three years to complete and was built in many ways. These ways included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof（顶部）over the top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced（放回原处）.
Steam engines（蒸汽机）were used to pull the carriages（车厢）. The railway quickly became a great success, and more than 25, 000 people were using it every day.
Later, engineers tried to build railways in a system of deep tunnels（隧道）. The Central London Railway was one of the most successful new lines, and was opened in 1900. It was very popular with the public. It keeps changing and developing over the years.
| The country with the first underground passenger railway in the world | The Great |
| The process of building the first underground passenger railway | Many ways |
| The | More than 25, 000 every day. |
| The Central London Railway | Being one of the most successful new lines and was opened at the beginning of the 20th |
【推荐1】What would the world be like if cars could drive themselves? Imagine seeing an empty car passing by on its way to pick up its owner, or a car full of passengers who are reading, listening to music or even sleeping. But none of them are worried about the road ahead.
Well, all of this could be the future of driving. There are several companies, including Google, working on driverless cars. So far, no Google self-driven cars have gotten a traffic ticket (罚单), but some of them have been in accidents when other cars hit them.
These cars are now still in the testing stages (阶段). But, if the tests are successful, these electric self-driven cars could be put into use very soon.
The cars are so special that they can take the place of drivers during certain situations. They are able to park themselves, or slow down when they notice objects close by. They can also control the speed if there is danger.
Scientists and engineers believe, with the help of wireless signals (无线信号) , cameras and GPS, creating a safe self-driven car might be possible. The cause of deadly (致死的) road accidents is usually careless drivers or bad conditions. The self-driven car may be able to prevent these. However, some people don’t like the idea. American lawyer Whit Drake does not believe these cars are safe. He thinks that technologies can also be mistakes.
Complete the chart according to the passage with only one word for each blank.
Self-driven cars | |
| The future of driving | An empty car can drive |
| The situation | They are in the |
| The | They can park themselves, slow down and control the speed. |
| Different ideas about them | Scientists think they can prevent road |
In recent years, China has been making great progress in technology. A number of inventions have made our daily life more convenient（便利的）. Among them, four stand out. They are known as “four new great inventions” of modern China.
High-speed trains China created its first high-speed railway line in 2008. Since then, the number of passenger trips has grown by over 30 percent every year. It is reported that high-speed train network will connect 80 percent of important cities in China by 2020. China’s high-speed railway technology is also being used abroad. More and more high-speed railways are being set up in foreign countries like Turkey（土耳其）and Russia.
Mobile payment Mobile payment is turning China into a “cashless（无现金）society”. People now only need to pay for the things they buy by typing a short password（密码）into an app like Alipay（支付宝）on their mobile phone. Users can also pay their bills through Alipay, such as their water and electricity bills. Alipay also allows users to buy things on international websites and apps.
Shared bikes China has surprised the world with how quickly it has spread the shared bikes. Users simply pick up or park a bike on the street through GPS and smartphone apps, China’s two leading bike-sharing companies, Mobike and Ofo, have been spreading their business to markets abroad. People are riding their bikes in Singapore （新加坡）, the UK and the United States.
Online shopping China has been the world’s largest and fastest-growing online shopping market. Online shopping now takes up 15.5 percent of total retail（零售）sales in China. It also helped to create jobs of countryside areas. In 2016, online shopping created more than 20 million jobs in countryside areas.
China’s | |
High-speed trains | It is reported that 80 percent of important cities in China will |
Mobile payment | China is being turned into a “cashless society”. Customers only need to use mobile apps like Alipay |
More and more people are enjoying them. Not only people in China but also people in Singapore and the US are using them now. | |
Online shopping | Chinese online shopping market is growing very fast. And it helped people from countryside to find |
Drones (无人驾驶飞机) can do lots of things for people, including taking pictures from the sky and watching wild animals. Now these small flying robots begin to change the way of farming.
Looking for sick plants. Drones can find bacteria (细菌) that are harmful to plants in the air from a few kilometers away. Farmers can check the drones’ air samples (样本) and try to find ways to protect their plants before the bacteria get to them.
Counting cows. When flying over cows, drones can follow up the cows and find out which fences need fixing. There are also special cameras on drones. They can help farmers look for animals that could harm their cows.
Water watch. After watering the fields, we can often see some places may dry out faster than others. Other places might not get water at all. Drones can look over the field and make a 3D map. Using the map, farmers can find out which parts of a field are dry or need improvement.
Spraying pesticide (喷洒农药). Different parts of a field might have different heights. Drones can check for this when flying above the land. Then, they change their height so that they can spray the correct amount of pesticide over each part of the field. This is more useful than traditional pesticide spraying. Drones can finish spraying a field much faster than with traditional machines.
Although drones can do a lot of things for people, drones still face great challenges and disadvantages. One of the biggest disadvantages is that they are affected by the weather.
1、2题完成句子；3~5题简略回答问题。1. Drones can
2. The
3. What can the farmers do by using the 3D map?
4. How many ways of farming do the drones change according to the text?
5. Do you like drones? Why or why not?
Do you know that Auckland, New Zealand, is the first city to celebrate New Year and Honolulu, Hawaii, is the last to celebrate it? Around the world, people celebrate New Year on the same date but in different ways. Let’s take a look at the different New Year celebrations around the world.
In Spain, people believe that eating twelve grapes at midnight of New Year’s Eve brings good luck. Thus, at midnight of New Year, they eat a grape on every stroke(报时的钟声) of the clock.
In Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Copacabana Beach is famous for hosting the largest New Year celebration worldwide. Millions of people around the world come here to attend the huge party. Traditionally, the local people honor the beach by throwing white flowers into the sea. People also dress up in white as a good luck charm(幸运符). Fireworks start on New Year’s Eve and last until the next day.
In Sydney, Australia, the world’s largest firework show is held. Though the show lasts only for 12 minutes, it attracts people from all over the world.
In Greece(希腊), January 1st is the day for giving gifts, telling stories and leaving presents in children’s shoes at midnight. Every Greek family bakes a cake on this day which has a silver or gold coin hidden inside. Then the cake is cut into slices(片). The cake slices are passed to everyone and whoever gets the coin is believed to have a lucky year ahead.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1. Which city is the last to celebrate New Year?
2. How many grapes do Spanish people eat at midnight of New Year’s Eve?
3. What color is thought to bring good luck in Brazil?
4. Where is the world’s largest firework show held?
5. What is in the traditional food in Greece on New Year’s Day?
Project-based learning (项目化学习) is learning while doing. It gives leaners the chance to get a deeper understanding of a topic. During the learning, learners solve problems by using real-world examples and challenges. Project-based learning is becoming widely used in schools. Students work on a project over a period of time—from a week to a term. At the end of the project, they show their knowledge and skills by creating a product for people. Let’s take the example of Sandra.
Sandra is an eleven-year-old student in Sunshine Primary School. She wanted to know more about Greek mythology (希腊神话). Well, how did she make it?
| ◆She chose Greek mythology characters as the topic because she was interested in the characters and their stories. | Step 1 Choose a topic |
| ◆She had to learn about that topic and do some research on it. To collect information, she read books and articles about the history of Greek mythology. She also read some novels like Harry Potter and Percy Jackson. She watched videos and played games all connected with Greek mythology. When she collected her information, she was ready to create a project. | Step 2 Do the research |
| ◆She created a project based on her talents and skills. She loves to build with Legos (乐高), so she decided to build lego creations based on the stories of Greek mythology characters. She’s also really good at art, so she created a book about her favorite characters. In her book, she drew pictures of them and wrote the stories in her own words. | Step 3 _____________ |
| ◆After all of that work, she made a living room presentation for Mom and Dad and shared the two products that she had created. Then she shared her project online with friends, and even shared her project on social media. | Step 4 Do the presentation |
From the example of Sandra, we can see that project-based learning allows a student to learn about a topic and then create a project based on his or her talents and skills. Not everyone is a great test taker, but everyone is good at something. Through project work, students can not only learn deeply about a topic, but also have fun learning. So if you’re interested in something, why not start with project-based learning?
1. How do learners solve problems in project-based learning?2. What did Sandra do to collect information? (At least two examples)
3. What is the best subtitle (小标题) of Step 3?
4. What were the two products that Sandra created?
5. What do you think of the project-based learning? Why?
March 5 is a special day for Chinese people because of the name Lei Feng. Lei Feng was an ordinary young soldier whose only goal was to serve the people. He was born in 1940 and died at the age of 22 because of an unfortunate accident while he was working. In 1963, Chairman Mao Zedong designated（指定）the day as “Learn From Lei Feng Day”.
Most people born in the 1960s or 1970s keep the strong admiration for the spirit of Lei Feng. What about young people today? Do they still believe in Lei Feng and follow his spirit? The following examples may answer the questions.
In 2011, 27-year-old Zhang Liangliang and his friends made a movie where an ordinary guy tries to become a superhero by emulating（模仿）Lei Feng. The movie named Lei Feng Xia has been seen by millions of people online.
“Some people these days are only interested in success, fame and money, which means they’re not really well-grounded（脚踏实地）. They need to go back to a good starting point.” said Wang Wei, a young teacher from Zhuhai.
“We can see great things from what Lei Feng did, even though they were just small things. It’s just like the reflection of the sun in a drop of water. It’s our duty to learn from him.” said Li Huanyue, a student from Wen Yuan Middle School.
And with the development of society, learning from Lei Feng should be more realistic（实际的）and modern than before. In order to do this, Guangdong government announced the new slogan “do each other a favor”. And in Changsha, Hunan, the hometown of Lei Feng, the slogan（标语）was also updated（更新）from “devote yourself to benefit others” to “do my duty”.
1. For Chinese people,2. Lei Feng was born in 1940 in
3. Lei Feng’s only goal was
4. People watched the movie Lei Feng Xia
5. Guangdong government announced the new slogan because learning from Lei Feng should be more
