Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are numbers in Arabic numbers. People use them to mark numbers now. But it’s not the only number system that people use.
About 2,500 years ago, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, one finger means 1, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, four fingers means 4. If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, IV, V, VI, VⅡ, VⅢ, IX, X”. Also, “L” means fifty, “C”means one hundred. “D” means five hundred and “M”means one thousand. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks.
Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. They help people to count things every day. In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot.
1. Which of the following means five in Roman numerals?| A．5. | B．IV. | C．V. | D．X. |
| A．Arabic numerals. | B．Watches and clocks. |
| C．Zero. | D．Roman numerals. |
| A．People in Rome didn’t use them. |
| B．Arabic people taught the Indians about them. |
| C．Only Arabic people use them today. |
| D．“0” means “zero” in Arabic numerals. |
| A．Because they are not easy to write and count. |
| B．Because there are no Romans any more. |
| C．Because the numbers look stupid. |
| D．Because they are hard to remember. |
a. Arabic people learned about Arabic numerals.
b. Indians created Arabic numerals.
c. Arabic people took Arabic numerals into Europe.
d. People all over the world use Arabic numerals.
| A．b-c-a-d | B．b-a-c-d | C．d-b-a-c | D．d-c-b-a |
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【推荐1】You use her as a shoulder to cry on. She texts you back with casual jokes. But she, Xiaoice, is only a virtual chatbot (虚拟聊天机器人) .
Xiaoice, Microsoft's latest artificial intelligence robot, was briefly released in 2014, and returned to WeChat in 2015, where she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily, The New York Times reported. On WeChat, Xiaoice is an official account. After following it, users can start text-based conversations with Xiaoice.
"Her incredible learning ability was why people loved to talk with Xiaoice," Liu Jinchang, a researcher at High-tech Research and Development Center under the Ministry of Science and Technology, told China Daily. Apart from her ability to recognize photos and send emojis (表情符号) in conversations, Xiaoice gains 45 percent of her knowledge from interacting with users, China Daily reported.
Chatbot programs first appeared in the mid-1960s in the US. Driven by top tech companies, they are becoming smarter and more common. For instance, IBM's latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant at Australia's Deakin University, answering students' questions about course schedules and financial aid. Apple's Siri and Amazon's Alexa have been used as voice assistants who can read news, play music and even make jokes for their users.
These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms. The New York Times pointed out. However, it may take years before scientists develop a "Samantha", the advanced chatbot seen in the fiction film Her. In the film, Samantha has a romantic relationship with her user played by US actor Joaquin Phoenix. Many viewers were in love with this fantasy of virtual soul mates.
1. What does the underlined part she became a big hit in Paragraph 2 mean?| A．She became a best seller. | B．She became very popular. |
| C．She became a money maker. | D．She became very powerful. |
| A．She can recognize various photos. | B．She can read messages. |
| C．She can do housework. | D．She can read news to its users. |
| A．Amazon. | B．Microsoft. | C．Apple. | D．IBM. |
| A．Chatbots will be used into cars soon. |
| B．Samantha is played by a US actor in the film. |
| C．Chatbots mainly run on smartphones now. |
| D．The film Her doesn't interest many audience. |
The crow（乌鸦）is an ordinary（普通的） bird. It is about twenty inches（英寸）long and black all over. Crows are dirty birds because they live on old bad food. Crows eat a lot of waste food. In this way they are more useful to us than any birds. They clean up the dirty things in our streets. Crows are always hungry. They look for food all day long, and in the evening you can see them in large numbers flying back to their nests（窝）in the trees. They sleep there at night.
Crows are much noisier than other birds. Very often a large number of crows will get together on one house and talk. Sometimes they talk together, and sometimes they do it by turns（次序）like human beings（人类）. It is easy to tell from（区别）crows’ sounds whether（是否）they are pleased or angry. Perhaps crows talk a lot because they are friendly birds. A pair of crows will live together all their lives, and if one of them dies, the other one becomes very sad and quiet for the rest of its life and sometimes it dies, too.
1. Which one isn’t the crows’s talking way (谈话方式)?| A．They talk together. | B．They get together and talk. |
| C．One talks, the others listen. | D．They talk by turns. |
| A．They live on old bad food. | B．They eat a lot of waste food. |
| C．They are friendly birds. | D．They live together all their lives. |
| A．Whether they are hungry or full. | B．Whether they are ill or healthy. |
| C．Whether they are pleased or angry. | D．Whether they are living or dead. |
| A．They are noisy. | B．They are dirty. |
| C．They are loving. | D．They are helpful. |
【推荐3】Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course, there have always been people who have looked for adventure (冒险)-those who have climbed the highest mountains or explored unknown parts of the world. Now, however, there are people who look for a quick pleasure from a dangerous activity, which may only last a few minutes or even seconds.
I think bungee jumping is a good example of such an activity. Yet jump from a high place(maybe a bridge or a hot air balloon (气球) 200 meters above the ground with an elastic rope (弹力绳 ) to your ankles (踝). You fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is said that 2, 000, 000 people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Most people think that other activities, such as jumping from the tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high rocks (岩石) are as dangerous as bungee jumping.
Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some scientists think it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Now life has little excitement. They buy food in shops and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they are ill. The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities as bungee jumping.
1. How many people have now tried bungee jumping?| A．Two hundred. | B．Two thousand. | C．Two million. | D．Two billion |
| A．people want to get excitement from them | B．they have more free time |
| C．they hate adventure | D．they are fed up with jumping |
| A．are close to death in sports |
| B．are climbing the highest mountains |
| C．are trying activities such as bungee jumping |
| D．are looking for adventures such as exploring unknown places |
| A．is a lover of dangerous activities himself |
| B．is against dangerous activities |
| C．mainly tells people about an interesting activity |
| D．doesn't say whether dangerous activities are good or bad |
| A．Dangerous Sports: What and Why? |
| B．The Boredom of Modern Life |
| C．Bungee-jumping: Is It Really Dangerous? |
| D．The Need for Excitement |
【推荐1】Imagine—you are running to catch a train, only to find that you forgot your ID card（身份证）! There is no way you can board without it. However, don’t worry. In the near future, all the people in China will just need a new one on their smartphones.
In fact, China’s first ID cards appeared in 1984. But the ID cards now are the second ones with 18 numbers, standing for one’s birthplace, birth date and gender（性别）. In 2018, China has already started the first try of digital（数字的）IDs. It was only used among the people in cities including Quzhou, Hangzhou and Fuzhou to open bank accounts（账户）, check into hotels and buy high-speed railway tickets and so on.
This year, the government will introduce these new digital ID cards to the whole country. That’s to better meet the basic living needs of more than 100 million people who live away from their home provinces. These people have to go to school or work at different places away from their homes. Sometimes to prove that “I am who I am”, they have to run back to home provinces. It is a waste of time and money.
Digital ID cards can allow related information to be accessed by a simple scan（扫描）with a smartphone, which is like the way we pay for the bills with WeChat. It is easier than the old IDs.
Also, the government will provide convenience for people who do not use smartphones, especially the old. Certainly, at this time we should pay more attention to the information safety and privacy.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
1. According to the passage, you can’t ________ without ID cards.
| A．get on the train | B．pay for the bills | C．buy tickets |
| A．meet the needs of the people who live away from their home provinces |
| B．provide the convenience only for the old |
| C．protect people’s information safety or privacy |
| A．赢取 | B．猎取 | C．获取 |
| A．The first digital IDs were used in 3 provinces in 2018. |
| B．The second ID cards are now used among people in China. |
| C．The digital ID cards have been used in the whole country so far. |
| A．China’s first ID cards |
| B．Digital ID cards in China |
| C．To Prove that “I am who I am” |
【推荐2】Fifty years ago, students could look up information in a textbook and believe it to be true. People still had their own opinions and biases（偏见）, but they couldn’t so easily be well known to the public, nor spread so widely. In today’s world, anybody can post anything online. So when students have a question, a quick Internet search will provide them with millions of different answers. And also information is being produced and spread faster than ever. But do students really understand anything they see online? Do they know how to tell what’s true and what isn’t, what’s the fact and what’s the opinion? Do they know how to create their own online things? If they can do these things, then they are “digitally literate（有数字素养的）”.
Teaching students “digital literacy” skills is as important as the traditional skills of literacy—reading and writing. In 2017, the theme for International Literacy Day, which fell on Sept. 8, was “Literacy in a digital world”. In 2022, the theme was “Narrowing the digital divide”, which also showed the importance of digital skills.
Why are these skills important? Reading and writing teach people how to watch the world. Learning digital skills does the same thing. These skills can help people stay comfortable and free on the Internet, which is important in the information age.
Education is the key to this, but only a few schools teach students how to spot whether information is biased. Schools have a large responsibility in this matter. Teachers can tell students some ways to make sure what they read is true, such as checking where the information comes from and who writes it. While parents can also play a role in helping their children not to believe everything they read online.
1. What did students use to do when they had a question?| A．Look up a textbook. | B．Search the Internet. |
| C．Post something online. | D．Create their own things. |
| A．Learn. | B．Point. | C．Separate. | D．Find. |
| A．The Key to Education | B．The Traditional Skills of Literacy |
| C．The Importance of Digital Literacy | D．The Development of Digital Literacy |
We need a holiday. Let’s say we have three weeks’ holiday. We don’t work all day. For free hours each evening takes up 61 days. We have to remember that we get 2 days’ holiday at Easter(复活节) , 3 at Christmas and we have 32 days for work. But then we have one and a half hours’lunch every day, and half an hour’s coffee break. That comes to 30 days a year. This means(意味着) that we have only a few days left for work every year!
1. How many days do we sleep in a year? ___________.
| A．365 days | B．122 days | C．8 days | D．52 days |
| A．rest | B．the coffee break | C．lunch | D．breakfast and supper |
| A．Each weekend has one day | B．We have 61 days for free time |
| C．We get 3 days’ holidays at Easter. | D．The coffee break takes us one hour |
| A．time for work | B．time for sleep | C．time for holiday | D．time for lunch and coffee break |
| A．we should know the numbers. | B．time is important and we’d better not waste it |
| C．we need more holidays. | D．a few days for work is enough |
| |
| During ancient times, children didn’t have smart phone, iPad or computer to have fun. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play in their childhood. Let’s take a look. | |
| Kites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood. Now in China, the three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite, each of which has its own characteristic. |
| Diabolo is always made of wood or bamboo and is hollow（空心的）in the center. When juggled（抛接）on ropes, the high-speed rotating（旋转的）diabolo will make a sound. Playing diabolo is a very interesting game. |
| The closest thing to watching a film or television during ancient times was watching a shadow play. People control puppets behind the screen while singing with music to tell a story. Shadow play was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）in 2006. |
| Firecrackers have a history of more than 2,000 years. It is said that people burnt bamboo joints to make it blast（爆炸）to drive away the beast named Nian in ancient China. Firecrackers are still set off during Spring Festival to symbolize（象征）hope and luck. |
| A．Bamboo. | B．Paper. | C．Cloth. | D．Wood. |
| A．In 2000. | B．In 2001. | C．In 2006. | D．In 2016. |
| A．To tell a story. | B．To make a sound. |
| C．To watch a play and a game. | D．To symbolize hope and luck. |
The kiwi(几维鸟)is a kind of bird. It is a very strange bird because it can not fly. The kiwi is very famous, just like the koalas in Australia.
A kiwi likes to have a lot of trees around it. It sleeps in them during the day because the sunlight hurts its eyes. It can smell things with its nose. It is the only bird in the world that can smell things. The kiwi’s eggs are very big. There are only a few kiwis in New Zealand now.
The kiwis live only in New Zealand. If you want to see the kiwi, please go to the Kiwi House and National Bird Park in Otorohanga, New Zealand.
| The Kiwi House and National Bird Park in Otorohanga, New Zealand. | |
| Opening hours | The park is open every day of the year except Christmas. From 9: 00 am to 4: 30 pm (June, July & August: 9: 00 am to 4: 00 pm) |
| How to find the Kiwi House | To see a map of Otorohanga. Or you can call us at 873-7391. We’ll tell you the way to the Kiwi House. |
1. Which one is TRUE about the kiwi?
| A．The kiwi is a kind of chicken. |
| B．A kiwi likes to sleep in the trees during the day. |
| C．The kiwi lives in Australia and New Zealand. |
| D．The kiwi can’t smell things just like other birds. |
| A．9 hours. | B．8 hours. | C．7.5 hours. | D．7 hours. |
| A．$19 | B．S30 | C．$34 | D．$35 |
| A．doesn’t need to buy a ticket for her |
| B．must buy a ticket for her |
| C．must pay $19 |
| D．can go to see the Kiwi at 4: 20 pm in June |
| A．The park is open all the year. |
| B．There are a lot of kiwis in New Zealand. |
| C．Children under 5 years old can’t go into the park. |
| D．A map of Otorohanga can help visitors find the Kiwi House. |
Levers (杠杆) are called simple machines. They increase the size of the force, so you can finish a job with less effort. Every time you open a door, or even bend (弯曲) your arm, you are using levers. Many of the objects we use every day depend on leverage (杠杆作用) to increase forces and make tasks easier. Here are a few of levers.
One of the simplest kinds of levers is the crowbar (撬棒). You use a crowbar to make every heavy object off the ground. The longer the crowbar is, the more the force is increased at the other end. However, you have to move the long end of the crowbar much farther than the short end.
When you use a fishing rod (鱼竿) to cast a line, the rod works as a lever. Your hand uses a powerful force near the base of the rod to create a smaller force at the tip of the rod. Although the force is weaker, the tip moves much farther and faster than your hands, increasing the speed.
A seesaw (跷跷板) is a lever. You use the force of your body weight to move the seesaw. If two men of equal (同等的) weight sit at equal distance from the fulcrum (支点), their weight will balance. But if one of them sits farther from the fulcrum, his weight is increased and the seesaw will tip over.
1. Why does a lever make tasks easier?| A．It increases the force. | B．It is a simple machine. |
| C．It makes objects lighter. | D．It makes people stronger. |
| A．The crowbar. | B．The seesaw. | C．The fishing rod. | D．The bike. |
| A．A shorter crowbar produces more force. | B．A longer crowbar produces more force. |
| C．Your hand will create a great force at the tip of the rod. | D．Only the body weight will change the balance of a seesaw. |
| A．By telling some stories. | B．By offering some numbers. |
| C．By providing some examples. | D．By answering some questions. |
