For many people, having a cup of coffee right out of bed is the best way to start a day. But a report from Asap Science says otherwise.
It says the worst time for coffee is soon after we get up. When we wake up, our bodies start to make cortisol（皮质醇）. Cortisol helps us to think clearly and be quick to understand and act. The cortisol levels（数值；浓度）rise after we wake up and climb to the highest in about an hour. So there are two problems when we drink coffee during this time: our bodies will make less cortisol, and the cortisol will make coffee less useful. And that’s why some of us drink more and more coffee.
Then, when’s the best time to have coffee?When the cortisol levels are going down, the report says. Cortisol levels are usually highest between 8 a.m. and 9 a.m., between noon and 1 p.m., and between 5:30 p.m. and 6:30 p.m. So if you want to have coffee, enjoy it after these times, and this popular drink will help you the most.
Material 2:
Four people read the passage and wrote what they thought about it.
| |
| |
| Mike | Jan 16 8:26 p.m. |
| The best time to drink coffee is when you want to drink coffee. | |
| Sarah | Jan 16 8:43 p.m. |
| I usually wake up AFTER I drink coffee! | |
| Charlie | Jan 16 8:59 p.m. |
| The worst time to drink coffee is when you’re DEAD. | |
| Lisa | Jan 16 9:18 p.m. |
| If you need someone to tell you when to drink coffee, well, that’s just sad. | |
what do you think?1. What does it mean when someone thinks otherwise about something?
| A．They are serious about it. | B．They have no idea about it. |
| C．They think differently about it. | D．They do not think it is a problem. |
| A．A | B．B | C．C | D．D |
| A．They wanted to try what it said. | B．They were sad about what it said. |
| C．They did not agree with what it said. | D．They were not surprised at what it said. |
相似题推荐
Climate Change Likely to Reduce the Amount of Sleep
Most research on the influence of climate change has focused on how extreme weather affects economy and the society. Yet climate change may also have a strong influence on daily human activities. In a study published in the journal One Earth, researchers report that increasing environment temperatures negatively influence human sleep around the world.
The team says their findings suggest that by the year 2099, increasing temperatures may erode（侵蚀）50 to 58 hours of sleep per person per year. In addition, the temperature effect on sleep loss is stronger for people from lower income（收入）countries as well as for older adults and females.
“Sleep is important to human health and productivity,” says the first author Kelton Minor of the University of Copenhagen. “In this study, we provide enough evidence that warmer-than-average temperatures erode human sleep by making people fall asleep later and wake up earlier.” The researchers collected global sleep data（数据）which included 7 million nightly sleep records from more than 47,000 adults across 68 countries. The results showed that on very warm nights when the temperature is greater than 30℃, sleep decreases an average of just over 14 minutes. The likelihood of getting less than seven hours of sleep also increases.
“Humans’ body temperature is fixed,” Minor says. “Every night our bodies have to shed（散发）heat into the surrounding environment by increasing blood flow to our hands and feet. In order for our bodies to shed heat, the surrounding environment needs to be cooler than we are.”
Early controlled studies found that both humans and animals sleep worse when the room temperature is too hot or too cold. However, the recent research found that people feel far better living in colder outside temperatures than hotter conditions. “Across seasons and different climates, the amount of sleep loss increases as temperatures become hotter,” Minor says.
One important finding was that people in developing countries seem to be more influenced by these changes. It’s possible that the wider use of air conditioning in developed countries could play a role.
In the future, the team would like to work with global climate scientists, sleep researchers, and technology providers to do further research on the sleep and behavior changes of other populations and countries.
1. According to the passage, on a very warm night, you could probably ________.| A．sleep less than seven hours | B．sleep outdoors to cool down |
| C．be more energetic than usual | D．be troubled by your noisy pet |
| A．The results of earlier studies. | B．Different methods of doing research. |
| C．Reasons for making controlled studies. | D．The new findings of the recent research. |
| A．By doing experiments in labs. | B．By making a guess and proving it. |
| C．By collecting and comparing data. | D．By finding mistakes in early studies. |
“Socializing(交际) is just as effective as more traditional kinds of mental exercise in boosting memory and intellectual(智力的) performance,” Oscar Ybarra, a psychologist at the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research, said in a statement.
In one investigation, they analyzed data on 3610 people, aged 24 to 96.
They found that the higher their level of social interaction(交流), the better their cognitive(认知的) functioning. Social interaction includes getting together or having phone chats with relatives, friends and neighbors.
In another experiment, the researchers conducted laboratory tests on 76 college students, aged 18 to 21, to evaluate(评估) how social interactions and intellectual exercises affected the results of memory and mental performance tests.
The students were divided into three groups: the social interaction group had a discussion of a social issue for 10 minutes before taking the tests; the intellectual activities group completed three tasks (including a reading comprehension exercise and a crossword puzzle) before the tests; and a control group(对照组) watched a 10-minute clip(电影片段) of the Seinfeld television show.
“We found that short-term social interaction lasting for just 10 minutes improved participants’ (参与者) intellectual performance as much as engaging in (从事) so-called ‘intellectual’ activities for the same amount of time,” Ybarra said.
The study was expected to be published in the February issue of the journal Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.
1. What does the underlined word “boosting” in the second paragraph probably mean?
| A．Improving. | B．Reducing. |
| C．Preventing. | D．Training. |
| A．Having a talk with a neighbor. |
| B．Attending a birthday party. |
| C．Watching TV at home alone. |
| D．Calling your classmates. |
| A．To judge the effect of social interaction on memory and intelligence. |
| B．To find out what is real social interaction. |
| C．To learn how much time is needed for social interaction. |
| D．To show the function of people's cognition. |
| A．Intellectual exercises make your memory better. |
| B．Different people have different ways of communication. |
| C．Communicating with others keeps you healthy. |
| D．Social interaction makes you smart. |
【推荐3】Your Internet experience is ruined (破坏毁掉) when the net speed is too slow—it takes so long to open a web page and the reality shows you're watching stops every few minutes. That can be very annoying.
But it could be a thing of the past. On June 3, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced that China's major telecom carriers (电信公司) would start to provide 5G services.
What is 5G?
The "G" in "5G" refers to the generation of mobile network technologies. 1G let us talk to each other, 2G let us send messages, 3G gave us mobile data and the Internet, and 4G made all of these things faster.
Now 5G promises much faster data download and upload speeds, and more stable connections. This means that you will be able to download an entire HD movie in seconds and only experience a short delay (延迟) between sending and receiving data.
What changes will 5G bring us?
With a 5G network, the short delay in information exchange will allow driverless cars to run more safely. Meanwhile, 5G-enabled wearable devices (设备) will be of great use in hospitals. Besides, VR games will become more popular with 5G. The short delay of 5G will make the games feel even more real.
What are the disadvantages of 5G?
According to the BBC, _________, it will not be perfect.
For one thing, 5G will not "travel" far. On 4G networks, you can be 10 kilometers away from the nearest transmission base and hardly lose signal (信号) . But 5G will only cover about 300 meters. And in order to use 5G, we will have to buy new products especially designed for 5G that are expensive at present. All in all, there is still much to be done before 5G's popularization.
1. "G" in "5G" refers to ______.| A．the speed of the Internet | B．the generation of the technology |
| C．the delay in information exchange | D．the game on the smart phone |
| A．because it is quite expensive to get 5G products | B．5G has its own advantages and disadvantages |
| C．until hundreds of millions of Internet users use 5G | D．though 5G will make our lives more convenient |
| A．2G can not let users send messages through phones. |
| B．3G can not give us mobile data and the Internet. |
| C．4G will not make VR games more real and popular |
| D．5G will not be used in the medical field. |
| A．An introduction of 5G. | B．Changes 5G brings us. | C．The progress of technology. | D．Disadvantages of 5G. |
【推荐1】Nowadays, more and more travelers like to come to China. As a result, there is a great need for a new airport in Beijing. So the city started to build the Beijing Daxing International Airport. On June 30, its main terminal( 航站楼)was finished and it opened on September 30, 2019.
Covering about 1. 43 million square metres, the Beijing Daxing International Airport is the world’s busiest airport. It will provide service for 45 million travelers by the end of this year and about 72 million by 2025, Although the airport is very big, people can get to the boarding gate from the terminal quickly. It is about 600 metres and it only takes people about 8 minutes on foot.
The Beijing Daxing International Airport is also a smart airport. Travelers can enjoy a full paperless experience. Also, they can know where their bags are in real time with their phones. There are also robots in the airport to answer questions from travelers. All these technologies can help people arrive at or leave the airport easily.
1. Why did Beijing build the Beijing Daxing International Airport?| A．To let more people like traveling. |
| B．To build the world’s biggest airport. |
| C．To meet the need for a new airport D, To show China is a great country. |
| A．In December, 2018 | B．In September, 2019 |
| C．In September, 2018 | D．In June, 2019 |
| A．8 minutes | B．20 minutes |
| C．30 minutes | D．38 minute |
| A．Everybody likes the new airport |
| B．Technology makes flying different. |
| C．People can fly safely from Beijing. |
| D．The new airport is very smart. |
【推荐2】Type in “A cat wants to go to space” and ask the robot to write a bedtime story. Just one second later, you’ll get the story of a cat called Max. He goes through many difficulties to sing among the stars.
This robot writer is real. It’s called ChatGPT. US company OpenAI made it. It can talk with people, write songs, poems and even jokes. It’s one of the most powerful (强大的) AI writers.
ChatGPT can write things really fast. We may spend hours researching, understanding and writing an article on the theory of evolution (进化论). But ChatGPT can write a good one in seconds. But if you ask harmful questions, such as how to make weapons (武器), it will not give you an answer.
ChatGPT comes along at a time when AI can do many creative (有创意的) tasks. The things they create are difficult to tell from those made by humans. This brings many problems, such as the definition (定义) of art. The robot is trained (训练) using words from the internet, so it can also pick up on the internet’s biases (偏见) about certain groups. These are all the things that humans need to solve.
1. The writer used the cat story in Paragraph 1 to ________.| A．show what a robot cat can do | B．tell what bedtime story Max likes |
| C．show why cats can go to space | D．show that robots can write stories |
| A．Max | B．ChatGPT | C．the star | D．OpenAI |
| A．A UK company made it. | B．It can sing different kinds of songs. |
| C．It is the biggest kind of AI. | D．It writes faster than human writers. |
| A．It will tell a joke. | B．It will spend hours understanding them. |
| C．It will give you no answer. | D．It will write an article about them in seconds. |
| A．How people feel about robot writing. | B．The problems that may come with AI writing. |
| C．How a robot learns to write like humans. | D．Why AI can help people solve problems. |
【推荐3】More than 50, 000, 000 people live in the rainforests of the world and most of them do not hurt the forest they live in. They eat the fruits that grow on the forest trees, but they do not cut them down. They kill some animals to eat, but they do not destroy them.
When we cut down the rainforests, we destroy these forest people, too. In 1900, there were 1, 000, 000 forest people in the Amazon forest. In 1980, there were only 200, 000.
The Yanomami live along the rivers of the rainforest in the north of Brazil (巴西). They have lived in the rainforest for about 10, 000 years and they use more than 2, 000 different plants for food and for medicine. But in 1988, someone found gold in their forest, and suddenly 45, 000 people came to the forest and began looking for gold. They cut down the forest to make roads. They made more than a hundred airports. The Yanomami people lost land and food. Many died because new diseases came to the forest with the strangers.
The Yanomami people tried to save their forest, because it was their home. But the people who wanted gold were stronger.
Many forest people try to save their forests. Chico Mendes was famous in Brazil because he wanted to keep the forest for his people. “I want the Amazon forest to help all of us—forest people, Brazil, and all the Earth,” he said. A few months later, in December 1988, people who wanted to cut down the forest killed Chico Mendes.
In Borneo, people were cutting down the forest of the Penan people to sell the wood. The Penan people tried to save their rainforest. They made blockades (障碍) across the roads into the forest. In 1987, they closed fifteen roads for eight months. No one cut down any trees during that time.
In Panama, the Kuna people saved their forest. They made a forest park which tourists pay to visit.
The Gavioes people of Brazil use the forest, but they protect it as well. They find and sell the Brazil nuts (坚果) which grow on the forest trees.
1. The people who ________ have destroyed the rainforest of the Yanomami.| A．pick fruits and kill animals to eat | B．use plants for food and medicine |
| C．have lived there for about ten thousand years | D．made the roads and the airports |
| A．carry away the gold conveniently | B．make people there live a better life |
| C．stop spreading the new diseases | D．develop the tourism (旅游) there |
| A．The Penan people closed 15 roads with blockades to save their forests. |
| B．The Penan people were cutting down the trees to sell the wood. |
| C．The Penan people didn’t want other people to destroy their forest. |
| D．Those who wanted to cut down the trees were stopped at the road blockades. |
| A．buy Brazil nuts | B．plants trees | C．pay for the tickets | D．pay for the gold |
| A．we need wood to build houses, so we have to cut down trees |
| B．the rainforest people have done something to protect their home |
| C．to humans, gold is more important than trees |
| D．we mustn’t cut down any trees or kill any animals |
