About 2300 years ago, the area around Chengdu had bad floods (洪水) in spring every year. Flood water from the mountains flowed (流动) down the Minjiang River and covered the land. Luckily, the Qin governor (太守), Li Bing, was a water engineer. The king of Qin provided the money and asked the governor to solve the problem.
The usual method to avoid flooding is to build a wall across the river, called a dam. Special openings in the dam allow the flow of water to be controlled. However, the king had also asked Li Bing to make sure that ships could still use the river. This was necessary because the king needed to send food to his army. So Li Bing studied the situation and came up with a plan—a plan that still works today!
Helped by his son, and tens of thousands of workers from the area, Li Bing built a man-made island in the middle of the river. This island was shaped like a fish and it divided the water into an inner and an outer river. The inner river was deeper than but not as wide as the outer river. It took four years to build the island.
Li Bing also cut a new channel (运河) through Mount Yulei. This channel would take water away to irrigate (灌溉) the land in the flat farmland below. The rock of the mountain was very hard and difficult to cut. Li Bing used fire to heat the rock and then water to cool it quickly. This made the rock break into smaller pieces which could be carried away more easily. Cutting the channel took eight years!
After Li Bing’s work was finished, there were no more floods, and the Dujiangyan irrigation system (灌溉系统) allowed the farmers to grow more and more food. The river flowed naturally, and because there was no dam, ships and fish could pass freely. Sichuan became the most productive area in China, as it still is today. Today, scientists and visitors from all over the world come to look at this wonderful example of engineering. This work and the name of Li Bing live on.
1. What was Li Bing’s job?（答题词数不超过11个）2. Why did the king ask Li Bing to make sure that ships could still use the river?（答题词数不超过10个）
3. How long did it take Li Bing to cut a new channel?（答题词数不超过5个）
4. What does the writer think of the Dujiangyan irrigation system?（答题词数不超过12个）
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Space stations are like houses in space for astronauts. They stay in space or in the Earth’s orbit (轨道) (A) a long time. In space, there is much less gravity than on Earth. The astronauts float (B) about and must tie themselves to something before they sleep.
Dirt (尘埃) also floats about (C) can get inside the equipment (设备) and damage the space station, so the astronauts (D) have to be very clean, and have to put their rubbish in special bags. (E) There isn’t any air in space, so the astronauts must wear special suits when they leave the space station. Astronauts cannot spend too long in space，(F) 因为这对他们的健康有害. They must also do special exercises to stay fit (健康的). However, one Russian astronaut stayed on a space station for 437 days!
Perhaps in the future, people will stay for even longer on space stations.
1. 在文中(A)和(C)的空白处填入适当的单词：2. 写出文中画线部分(B)和(D)的同义词或近义词：
3. 将文中画线部分(E)改写为：There
4. 将文中画线部分(F)译成英语：
5. 从文中找出空间站所处的两个位置：
We each have a memory. That’s why we can still remember things after a long time. Some people have very good memories and they can easily learn many things by heart, but some people can only remember things when they say or do them again and again. Many of the great men of the world have surprising memories.
A good memory is a great help in learning a language. Everybody learns his mother language when he is a little child. He hears the sounds, remembers them and then learns to speak. Some children are living with their parents in foreign countries. They can learn two languages as easily as one because they hear, remember and speak two languages every day. In school it is not so easy to learn a foreign language because the students have so little time for it, and they are busy with other subjects, too. But your memory will become better when you do more exercises.
1、2题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下第二段的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
1. We can still remember things after a long time because we each have
2. Many great men have
3. Why do some children living in foreign countries learn two languages very easily?
4.
5.
There are long rivers, and there are famous rivers. The Nile is the world’s longest and most famous river. It runs 6,650 kilometers. Crocodiles and hippos live in its waters. Pyramids built by Egyptians rise along its banks.
The main branch of the Nile, the White Nile, starts just about Lake Victoria, the world’s second largest fresh-water lake, in east central Africa. Then it flows to the north. At Sudan’s capital, another great river called the Blue Nile joins the White Nile. Together, they form on every powerful river. Then it goes through Egypt’s famous Nile Valley before reaching the Mediterranean Sea.
Ancient Egypt, the first great African civilization, started along the banks of the Nile more than 5,000 years ago. Ancient Egypt ruled the Nile Valley for thousands of years. Great pyramids and temples were built on the banks and we can still visit them today.
Without the rich farmland along the banks of Nile, there might be no ancient Egyptian civilization. Every year, the Nile flooded its banks. The flood waters covered the banks with a rich soil. The Nile’s banks were easy to farm and produce crops.
The Nile also made a perfect highway for boats. The river runs north, but the wind on the river blows south. To go south, boaters put up sail to catch the wind. To go north, they took the sails down. Ancient people traded along the river for hundreds of miles.
The Nile—the longest and most famous river in the world | |
| Where does the Nile flow? | *The white Nile is the main branch of the Nile. It starts above Lake Victoria and then *The Blue Nile joins the White Nile at the *Then the Nile goes through the Nile Valley. Finally |
| The Nile’s long and rich banks. | *Ancient Egypt started along the banks of the Nile more than 5,000 years ago. Its people built pyramids and temples we can still visit today. *Every year the Nile flooded its banks. The floodwater covered the banks with a rich soil. Rich farmland *The Nile made a perfect highway for boats. To go south, boaters put up sails to catch the wind. To go north, they took the sails down. Ancient people |
I live in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. It is a beautiful and special city. It is a mixture (融合) of the old and the new.
There are a lot of beautiful palaces and buildings from the past. They tell the wonderful past of the city. The well-maintained (保存完好的) museums and streets make it the loveliest place for visitors. People are friendly in Gwalior. They always follow rules in their life. They care about the old. They give a helping hand to those who need help. When you go to a post office or shop, the service is always good. So life is comfortable there.
The most important thing about the city is that it is green here and there. There are beautiful parks with all kinds of flowers and trees. They make it a healthy living place. After a day’s hard work, walking in a park is a good way to relax. It takes away all the worries. The city has so many wonderful things that make it a city of my choice. I love my city very much.
Welcome to Gwalior! If you come to the city, I’m sure you will have a great time.
Gwalior is a beautiful and special city. It’s the Welcome to beautiful Gwalior! |
How to keep a diary
The word “diary” comes from the Latin language. A diary is a great way to express yourself. Holly King-Mand is the nation’s favourite English teacher. Here she shares her top advice on how to write a diary.
▲________
Finding a lovely notebook to keep as a diary makes a big difference. Lined paper will help keep your diary organized. You can choose the size, the color and the kind of paper you like. The ones with locks are best sellers.
▲________
Your diary is just that—yours! You can put pen to paper in any way and best express your life. Most people put the date as a title (which is useful when looking back at old diaries). You can also make up titles for different entries, or include drawings.
▲________
When we write diaries for ourselves, we keep them secretly. Some diaries even come with a lock and key. But remember that talking about your feelings with an adult (like your parents or teachers) you trust is a good way too.
▲________
Some people write about something they felt and others like to record details of where they went and what they did or what is going on in the world. If you’re not sure of your style, just start writing and see what happens.
| A. What to write B. Create your own C. Get into a habit D. Keep it a secret E. Choose a notebook |
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. Which of the Holly’s advice is the most useful to you? Why? (约20词)
CHINA TO THE RESCUE（救援）!
The China International Search and Rescue Team（CISAR） was set up in 2001 and is now made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 sniffer dogs. The team brings help and hope to those whose lives are changed by a storm, flood, earthquake, or any other natural disaster.
After long and careful training, the team went on its first international rescue missions in 2003. That year, the Chinese team helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran. It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outside China, and the team won high praise for their bravery and skill.
Since then, the CISAR has completed many missions. The list of people to whom help has been given is long. The team treated more than 3, 000 people who were injured in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia, helped 2, 500 wounded people after the earthquake that hit Haiti in 2010, and spent several months giving aid to over 25, 000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan（巴基斯坦）.
Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries, and hand out food, water, and other supplies. They have to be able to do work that is difficult under conditions which can be very dangerous. After a disaster, there is usually no electricity or water, and there may be diseases and accidents. Rescue workers get to save lives, but they must also bury the dead. That means they have to be strong in both body and mind.
Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. It takes a lot of love and courage to risk one’s own life to save someone else’s. The members of the CISAR have plenty of both and are always ready to go wherever help is needed.
| General | Founded in 2001, several hundred rescue workers and 20 sniffer dogs now |
| Purpose | To |
| Rescue | Their first task was to help save lives who suffered from The team has helped many people in need. For example, they provided |
| Requirements for being a rescue worker | |
| They should have the ability to work under | |
| Difficult situations like saving the lives together with burying the dead | |
| They should |
