Everything has a name. All people, places, and things have names. Jenny is the name of a student from the UK. The UK is the name of a country. Cities and towns have names, too. Schools also have names. Tomato, potato and carrot are names of vegetables. Apple, orange, and banana are names of fruit.
When we meet a new person, we usually ask, “What’s your name?” Most people have two names. Names are different all over the world. In Jenny’s class, Jenny must know the names of the students from all over the world. ①This is not easy because the names are different.
In the US, most people have a first name, a middle name and a last name. Parents choose the first and middle names for their babies. ②The last name is the family name. Usually it is the father’s family name. In a family, the mother, the father and the children usually have the same（相同的） last name.
Sometimes a person has a nickname, too. A ③nickname is a special name. It’s not a person’s real （真的） name. Abraham Lincoln’s nickname was “Honest Abe”, because he was honest and Abe is short for Abraham. Pele is a nickname of the football player, Edson Arantes do Nascimento. But everyone calls him Pele.
根据文章内容回答问题。
1. Who/ What has a name?
2. How many names do most people have?
3. Who usually has the same last name in a family?
4. Why was Abraham Lincoln’s nickname “Honest Abe”?
5. 找出①处划线单词” This “指代的内容。
6. 将文中②处划线句子译成汉语。
7. 结合上下文, 猜测③处划线单词“nickname”的汉语意思。
8. 给文章拟一个合适的标题。
相似题推荐
【推荐1】On May 11, heavy hail(冰雹)came down to an Australian beach. It turned the beach into a sea of white.
It made for an unusual sight and got us wondering, “what causes hail?”
Hail is a type of water in the atmosphere(大气). A piece of hail is called a hailstone. A hailstone begins as a small water drop or a round snowflake in a cloud. The drop grows by collecting many cloud drops. When it is down by a strong wind inside the cloud, the little drop meets with some very cold water drops. These supercooled (过冷的) drops are still liquid water, even though the temperature is below freezing. When the little drop and these very cold drops merge(融化), the little drop has now become a hailstone.
The little hailstone is thrown up inside the cloud, still collecting other cold drops. The hailstone gets bigger and bigger until it goes to the top of the cloud. Then, because there is no more wind, it falls back down through the cloud. While it is falling, it can hit the earth at a speed of up to 144 kilometers per hour. So it is very dangerous to people, animals, buildings and many other things on the ground.
In Australia, hail can occur(发生)at any time of the year. But large hail often happens during spring and early summer.
1. When did the hail mentioned in paragraph 1 happen in Australia?2. What helps the little water drop meet with some extremely cold water drops?
3. Are the supercooled drops liquid water or solid water?
4. What does the little hailstone collect while it is thrown up inside the cloud?
5. If hailstones fall down at the speed of 144 kph, are they very dangerous? Why?
Do you love street food? I’m sure you do! What makes the food sweet? Sugar, of course! Do you know anything about sugar? Most sugar comes from sugar cane (甘蔗). This kind of plant is very tall.
How do we make sugar from sugar cane?
First, farmers cut the top of the plant and put part of the plant in the earth. This will grow into more sugar cane.
Next, workers make the sugar cane into big machines. One machine washes the cane. One machine cuts and turns the cane over and over. And one machine gets the sweet juice from the cane.
Then, workers make the juice hot and it becomes thick (浓稠的). The thick juice is called syrup (糖浆). Workers put the syrup into the crystallization tank (结晶罐). It turns to crystals (晶体). We need one more machine to dry the crystals. Now we have sugar.
Sugar can be brown or white. It can also be in different sizes. Then the sugar can go to the sweet factory (工厂). There workers use it to make sweets.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。（每小题答案不超过六个单词）
1. Where do most sugar come from?
2. What is the thick juice called?
3. How many machines do workers need to make sugar?
4. Is sugar in the same size?
5. Why do people send the sugar to the sweet factory?
The Feitian Spacesuit
Here is the introduction about the
Gift-giving is different from culture to culture and person to person.
When people give gifts, sometimes color is important. For example, for many Chinese people around the world, red is a lucky color, and people often like to wrap (包) gifts in red. However, do you know that in Korea, red is a color of death? If you want to give gifts to people there, you shouldn’t wrap the gifts in this color.
What about Western countries? In Western countries, the color of wrapping paper is not really important. But color is really important when giving flowers, especially roses. You should not give red roses to a Western person you don’t know very well, because they are a symbol of love. You could give yellow roses instead, because they are a symbol of friendship. You could also send pink roses as gifts to say thank you.
What else should you remember when giving gifts to someone from a different culture? Well, one thing you should keep in mind is the person’s religion (宗教). Never give the gift against their religion.
1. What color do Chinese people often like to wrap gifts in?They often like to wrap gifts
2. What do Koreans think of red?
They think red is
3. What do the red roses in Western countries mean?
They are a symbol of
4. From the passage, how can we show our friendship to Western friends?
We can give them
5. What’s the main idea of the passage?
It is about gift giving in
【推荐2】Giving gifts is a way of showing thanks or love, and it helps to build friendship. The rules of accepting gifts are different in China and in the West.
When Lucy, from the UK, gave a gift to her Chinese friend for the first time, he couldn’t understand it. “He refused to accept it twice, and when he finally accepted it, he didn’t open it. He just took it and put it away. After that, I never heard about it again. He never said he liked it or not.”
In the West, it is polite (有礼貌的；客气的) to open it in front of the giver and say thanks. When you get a gift, the giver hopes that you are excited and really like it. But it is different in China. Usually, people don’t open the gift until the giver leaves. If they open the gift in front of the giver, the giver will think of them as impolite or greedy (贪婪的). For the same reason, the Chinese will refuse a gift twice or three times before accepting it. If you are the giver, give it again until it is accepted after the third time.
Today, more and more young people in China are turning to Western (西方国家的) rules of accepting gifts. That’s OK, but it would be better to follow Chinese. people when it comes to getting gifts from elders.
1、2题完成句子；3题写出划线it的指代对象；4题找出并写下全文的主题句；5题将文中划线句子翻译成汉语。
1. When Lucy’s friend refused her gift, she couldn’t
2. It’s polite to
3.
4.
5.
You may know well what you are supposed to do or not to do in your own country. But do you know the customs in other countries? Here are some manners you should pay attention to.
Taking off your shoes or not
It's bad manners to take off your shoes at the door of a London dinner party. But in Asia if you don't take off your shoes before entering a home, you are not polite enough.
What you should do instead: If you see shoes at the door, take off your shoes. If not, keep the shoes on.
Talking over dinner
In some countries, like Japan, don't start talking while everyone else is having dinner. You'll meet with silence—not because your group is unfriendly, but because mealtime is for eating, not talking. Also don't talk in places like churches (教堂) in Europe.
What you should do instead: Keep quiet!
Knowing your right from your left
Some cultures in Africa and the Middle East still like to eat in traditional ways—using their hands. When people eat in this way, food is often offered for several people to share at the same time. That is why it's important to wash your hands before eating. While eating, you have to follow the rule: Eat using your right hand, and use your left hand to do other things.
What you should do instead: Follow the others and use your right hand. Even left-handed children in these cultures are taught to eat with their right hands. If you really can't, explain yourself to others before you eat.
1. How many manners are mentioned in the passage?2. What are you supposed to do if you see shoes at the door?
3. How can you behave well when having dinner in Japan?
4. There are some table manners in Chinese culture. Please give an example.
 In recent days, people are focusing on 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. Freestyle skier（自由式滑雪运动员）Gu Ailing, 18, won the gold with a 1620 performance she had never done before on Feb. 8th, 2022. At the same time, this is also China’s third gold medal at the 2022 winter Olympics. Born to an American father and a Chinese mother, Gu Ailing decided to compete for China at the 2022 Winter Olympics in June 2019. Just two months later, she won her first gold medal for China at the New Zealand Winter Games and Australia Cup. Her strength continued to grow as she won one bronze（铜牌）and two gold medals at the Freestyle Skiing World Championships in March. People say she is gifted. But Gu Ailing says that gift takes up “only 1 percent” of her success. Her hard work is what really matters. While going to school in San Francisco, Gu Ailing could only practice on weekends. She spent eight hours going to the ski hill and back, doing homework on the way and making full use of her time at the hill to practice skiing. Gu Ailing said she wants to encourage more girls in China to try skiing. She said skiing brings her freedom and satisfaction, especially when she perfectly controls her body and does skills that others cannot do. She has been accepted to Stanford University, and plans on attending classes in the fall of 2022. |
2. In which month did she win her first gold medal for China?
3. How do people like Gu Ailing?
4. What does Gu Ailing think is the most important for her success?
5. Where will Gu Ailing finish her college?
【推荐2】Do you like animals? Do you want to keep animals? Yes, many people like animals and want to keep a lovely animal as a pet. It’s a pity that they don’t have a good place to keep them. However, keeping fish may be the best choice.
Why keep them?
People keep dogs and cats because they enjoy their friendship. Fish can not be friendly, but they have beautiful shapes and colors. It’s a pleasure to watch as they swim in their tank（水槽）.
What do they need?
First of all, the fish need a good tank, and you must fill the tank with some water. It is good for them to have a few water plants in the tank to keep the water clean. Putting a few snails（蜗牛）in the tank is also a good idea, because they will keep it clean.
What do they eat?
There are many kinds of fish food that you can get in the shops. Most are good for all kinds of fish. You should feed your fish only once a day. It is important not to give them too much food. Just give them as much as they can eat up in about 15 minutes. This will keep them healthy.
1. Do many people like animals and want to keep an animal as a pet?2. How many animals are mentioned（提到）in the passage?
3. Why is it a good idea to put a few snails in the tank?
4. Where can people get fish food?
【推荐3】Readers is a TV show and it is getting popular in China. People can read everything, like poems, novels and letters in the show.
Many people like the show and enjoy reading at home. Now the show gives people a special place to read across China. Reading pavilions (亭子) are now in cities like Shanghai, Hangzhou and Xi’an.
The pavilion is quite small. Only one person can come into it each time. Everyone can read for three minutes in the pavilion. The show will later ask some of the readers to read on TV.
People of all ages come and read in the pavilion. “Reading should be like singing and talking.” said Dong Qing, the hostess (主持人) of the show. We can show our feelings by reading loud.
Quite a lot of people are more and more interested in reading. In fact, our country is also trying to do it now.
1. What is Readers? (不超过5个词)2. How long can a person read in the pavilion? (不超过10个词)
3. What do you think of reading? (不超过15个词)
