How many stars can you see in the night sky? If the answers are “just a few” or “none”, you might be living with light pollution.
Light pollution happens when too much man-made light harms nature and people. Scientists have found that it is especially harmful to nocturnal animals which sleep in the day and are busy at night. Animal scientist Christopher Kyba said man-made light is “the biggest change” humans have brought to these animals.
Small animals use darkness to hide from predators (捕食者). But, he said, cloudy skies near cities are now “hundreds of times” brighter at night. This means that, for example, cats can catch more rats. Then, there will be too many cats and not enough rats to feed them all.
Baby sea turtles are born on beaches in the nighttime. They find the water by the light of the ocean horizon (海平线). Man-made lights lead them away from the ocean. In Florida alone, “Millions… die this way every year,” said the US-based International Dark-Sky Association.
Also, birds that travel or hunt at night need moonlight and starlight. Man-made light can lead them in the wrong direction. Every year, millions of birds die by flying into brightly-lit buildings.
1. The underlined words “these animals” refer to __________.| A．the animals which are friendly to humans | B．the animals which are harmful to humans |
| C．the animals which are sleeping at night | D．the animals which are busy at night |
| A．the man-made light is bad for the balance of nature |
| B．the small animals use man-made light to hide |
| C．the skies near cities are cleaner at night now |
| D．the rats will always be enough to feed the cats |
| A．In the water. | B．On the beaches. |
| C．By the ocean horizon. | D．Away from the ocean. |
| A．die of illness | B．find their way home | C．get lost easily | D．hit into the planes |
| A．a guidebook | B．a magazine |
| C．a cookbook | D．a diary |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】It is well-known that many hotter countries are poorer. Now, according to a new study from Harvard University, the University of California and Georgia State University, hotter weather makes students get poorer grade. What's more, hotter weather may make students lose the interest in learning in both the short term and the long term.
Researchers reported that hot weather on test days resulted in poorer grades. They also found that students’ grades weren't good when the temperatures of the test days were higher than the average(平均的) temperature throughout the school year. The study is the main research into the effect of hot weather on students in the USA. Researchers studies how test scores from 10 million American students were affected by the weather. Their findings showed that an average increase of 0.55°C in the temperature over one year resulted in a one percent decrease(减少) in learning.
The research is in a paper called Heat and Learning and was published by the USA’s national Bureau of Economic Research. One of the opinions in the study is that global warming may make a difference to learning and the income-earning potential(盈利潜力) of students around the world. The researchers predicted that if global temperatures continued to rise, an American student could lose $25,000 on average during his lifetime because of lower exam results. They also found that using air conditioning(空调) in classrooms could be a useful way of helping students get better grades.
1. What does the underlined world “effect” mean in Chinese?| A．管理 | B．要求 | C．依赖 | D．影响 |
| A．Air conditioning can help students find good jobs. |
| B．Students can make much money if they work in cooler countries. |
| C．Global warming may lower the income-earning potential of students. |
| D．American students won’t make much money because of global warming. |
| A．Never take an exam when it’s hot. | B．Low income(低收入) has to do with hot weather. |
| C．hotter weather leads to poorer exam results. | D．Schools should fix air conditioning in classrooms. |
| A．A notice. | B．A letter. | C．A guidebook. | D．A magazine. |
【推荐2】
A giant (大) panda is a kind of bear. It has a white face with black patches (斑点) around its eyes. It also has black ears, shoulders and legs. The rest of its body is white.
Home
Pandas live high up in the mountains of Central and Western China. They live in the bamboo forests there.
Food
Pandas in the wild usually eat bamboo. In zoos, their menu includes bamboo, apples and carrots. A giant panda can eat as much as 30 kilograms of bamboo a day.
Behavior
Pandas like to live on their own. They need to eat a lot to stay healthy, so they spend more than 12 hours a day eating. Although they are big and heavy, it is not difficult for them to climb trees. They are strong enough to protect themselves.
Life
Pandas live for about 20 years in the wild, but in zoos they can live for up to 35 years.
The future
People are cutting down forests, so the pandas are losing their homes. Some people are killing them for their fur. It is cruel of them to do so. There are not many pandas in the world now. It is important for us to protect them.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正 (T)、误 (F)。
1. A giant panda has black ears, shoulders and the rest of its body is white.2. A giant panda in the wild usually eat bamboo, apples and carrots.
3. Pandas are big and heavy, but it is not difficult for them to climb trees.
4. Pandas live for about 20 years in the wild, but in zoos they can live for up to 45 years.
5. Pandas are losing their homes so it is important for us to protect them.
【推荐3】Have you ever poured water onto your shirt carelessly? Usually, clothes darken in color when they get wet. Why do clothes often appear darker when they get wet?
Before understanding this question, we should first take a quick look at how we “see” colors. Take a red shirt as an example. When it is hit by the light from the sun, it absorbs (吸收) different wavelengths (波长) of light, except for the red light wavelength. The red light wavelength is reflected (反射) to our eyes. That is why the shirt appears red to us.
Now let’s return to the wet shirt. When the light hits a wet shirt, it has to pass through the water on the shirt. The light that should be reflected by the shirt is re-absorbed by the water. This means less light will be sent to our eyes. As a result, the shirt looks “darker”.
But remember, sometimes a wet shirt can seem brighter from some special angles (角度). The surface of a shirt is usually rough (粗糙的). Adding water to it makes it smoother. A smooth surface reflects light in a different way from a rough surface. So you may see a small and bright reflection of the light from a certain angle. So basically, a wet shirt will be darker than a dry one, but it can also appear more “shiny” at times.
1. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)?| A．The red shirt. | B．The color. | C．The light. | D．The sun. |
A． | B． | C． | D． |
| A．The wet shirt will be polluted. |
| B．Less light will be sent to our eyes. |
| C．Certain light will be re-absorbed by the eyes. |
| D．The water on the shirt will be absorbed. |
| A．Science. | B．Sports. | C．Business. | D．History. |
【推荐1】 The earth is our home. We must take care of it. This means keeping the land and water clean.
Pollution is a “dirty” word. To pollute means to make things unfit or unclean to us. Pollution comes in many ways. We use it, smell it, taste it and drink it. Pollution is beginning to threaten our health, our happiness and our life.
Man has been polluting the earth from the time when he first made fire, washed his clothes in the river and threw his waste on the ground. When land was used up or water became dirty, man moved to another place. At first the problem was not so serious because there was plenty of clean air, land and water. There weren't so many people then and their wants were fewer. All the dirty things could be absorbed（吸收）by nature and soon covered over. But this is no longer true. The increase of population and development of industry have changed that. Man is slowly poisoning his surroundings.
Through the use of poison, man has polluted the land, killing the animals. By putting dirty water and chemicals into rivers and lakes, we have polluted our drinking water, killing the fish.
Our increasing population is part of the problem. More people, more waste.
Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a big rubbish dump, or is there any hope that we can get rid of the pollution? Fortunately, millions of people have been warned of pollution. Large numbers of people are now working hard to bring pollution under control.
1. The underlined word “chemicals” means _________.| A．study of gases, liquids and solids to understand how they are made and what they do |
| B．someone who studies chemistry |
| C．something which causes some chemical change |
| D．solid or liquid substance used in chemistry |
| A．made the drinking water dirty | B．polluted the land |
| C．got good harvest | D．protected the animal life |
| A．because of the increase of population and the development of industry, more and more waste is produced |
| B．we need more people, not more waste |
| C．there isn’t any hope that we can get rid of the pollution |
| D．more people have been warned of the danger of more waste |
【推荐2】A new study shows that 86% of the world’s rivers have been damaged by human activity. The study was made by researchers from France, to find the situations of over 2,500 rivers around the world. They did not look at rivers in the Arctic and Antarctica or in wastelands. The scientists looked into changes to rivers over the past 200 years. They discovered that many kinds of things in over half of the rivers had been seriously influenced by humans. The researchers said there were many reasons for this influence. A big reason is the introduction of new kinds of fish into rivers. Other reasons include pollution, overfishing and farming.
The researchers say the worst-hit rivers are in western Europe and North America. This is because these areas have large and rich towns and cities. The lead researcher said: “Rivers along which there are highly developed countries, like the Mississippi River, are the most strongly influenced.” The River Thames in London was one of the worst-hit rivers in the study. The least - influenced rivers are in Africa and Australia. The researcher said: “This is probably because of fewer factories in Africa and a smaller population around the rivers in Australia.” He added that rivers in many rich nations were in worrying condition compared with 200 years ago.
1. What does the underlined word “damaged” mean?| A．改良 | B．破坏 | C．延长 | D．变道 |
| A．Over 1250. | B．About 2150. | C．Less than 2500. | D．More than 2500. |
| A．Because there are fewer factories. |
| B．Because the towns and cities are rich there. |
| C．Because there are some developed countries there. |
| D．Because the population around the rivers there is small. |
At present, things have been greatly changed. People have moved into big bright houses or beautiful buildings. There is a big factory. Many people work in it. They are getting richer. Different kinds of cars and buses are running in the big streets. It is faster and easier to travel. People plant many fruit trees and get much money. People plant crops with the help of machines which can save lots of work. Students can study in a modern school. People pay more attention to the environmental protection. The mountains are becoming greener, water much cleaner. What around us is the clearer sky and greener water. As a result, many visitors come here to spend their holidays. People enjoy their modern life. But with the development of the industry, we have fewer trees. Air and water pollution is becoming more and more serious. We must do something to stop pollution to make our town more and more beautiful.
1. In the past _____.
| A．the air was flesh |
| B．the water was clear |
| C．cars and buses ran in the streets |
| D．children couldn’t go to big cities to study |
| A．people still live in low old houses |
| B．children can’t have a good education |
| C．people live in bright and beautiful buildings |
| D．people still drive animals to help with farming |
| A．making money | B．environmental protection |
| C．planting crops | D．children’s education |
| A．Great changes in my hometown. |
| B．How to protect environment. |
| C．People pay attention to modern life. |
| D．Hometown’s pollution. |
【推荐1】Who invented the umbrella? There are many different opinions. Some people say that the people of ancient Egypt invented it, some say the Romans invented it and some say Luban's wife invented it in ancient China. There's even an interesting story about its invention in China.
Luban was the most famous craftsman (工匠) in ancient China. One day, Luban and his wife were taking a walk and enjoying the beautiful view. Suddenly it began to rain. Both of them were soaked when they got back home. Luban's wife said, "If there is something that can protect people from the rain when they are walking outdoors, it will be wonderful." Then Luban said, "That's easy. I will build many pavilions (亭)." His wife replied, "That's a good idea, but it is not convenient. Is it possible to make a movable (可移动的) pavilion, which could always follow the people?" She thought all day and all night. One day, she saw some kids playing in the rain, and each kid held a big lotus leaf (荷叶) over the head to protect themselves from getting wet. That gave her a great idea. Then, she made the first umbrella in ancient China.
Since the umbrella was invented, it has been part of people's life in every corner of the world. Right now, there are many kinds of umbrellas, such as beach umbrellas, kids umbrellas and market umbrellas.
How many umbrellas are made every year in the world? Maybe millions or even more. One interesting thing is that most umbrellas in the world are made in China. Shangyu in Zhejiang Province alone has more than 1,000 umbrella factories and it is called "China Umbrella City".
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. How many opinions about the inventor of the umbrella are given in Paragraph 1?
| A．One. | B．Two. | C．Three. | D．Four. |
| A．受伤的 | B．疑惑的 | C．惭愧的 | D．湿透的 |
| A．To wear a big hat. | B．To bring a big lotus leaf. |
| C．To build many pavilions. | D．To make a movable pavilion. |
| A．It tells a story. | B．It teaches a lesson. |
| C．It gives some advice. | D．It describes some problems. |
| A．It has over 1,000 umbrella factories. |
| B．Most of the world's umbrellas are made there. |
| C．The local people know the story of Luban and his wife well. |
| D．More kinds of umbrellas are made there than in other places in China. |
【推荐2】After opening a free online Harry Potter center in April, British writer JK Rowling brings even more good news.
In May, Rowling started writing a new story called The Ickabog, which is free to read online to cheer people up since they stayed at home for a long time because of COVID-19. “The Ickabog is good for children from age seven to eight,” said Rowling. The Ickabog was put online in English, but Rowling planned on bringing out the story in other languages soon.
The new story talks about a monster (怪物) known as the Ickabog, a fierce child-eating monster who lives in the northern top of a magic land known as Cornucopia and has superpowers (超能力).
The book is mainly written for children but it is also a wonderful story for older people, just like my brother and my father. It talks about many things.
“The Ickabog is a story about the true side of everything and how to use the power,” Rowling wrote on the Internet. “It talks about things that are common in life and could be used in any time or any country.”
Rowling put the first two parts online on May 26th, with everyday writing to follow till July 10th. She also published (出版) the book later in November. Pictures of the book are from children all around the world including Chinese kids. Rowling gave away the money from its sales to companies to help the groups in trouble because of COVID-19.
1. Rowling began writing the new story The Ickabog online in ________.| A．April | B．May | C．July | D．November |
| A．dangerous | B．common | C．cute | D．magic |
| A．COVID-19. | B．Helping people. |
| C．How to use power. | D．Working together. |
| A．She finished the story in a month. | B．She wrote part of it every day online. |
| C．She drew the pictures by herself. | D．She told the whole story twice. |
| A．Harry Potter Is Popular | B．Rowling’s New Book: The Ickabog |
| C．British Writer: JK Rowling | D．Fight against COVID-19 |
【推荐3】Our new foreign students are going to arrive very soon, and here are some ways to communicate politely.
How close do you stand when you talk to a friend? You can stand close to people in the Middle East but don’t stand too close to North Americans! Give them more personal space.
How about touching people? Chinese girls often walk arm in arm with their friends. South Americans sometimes hold your arm when they talk to you, so you can’t move away! But in Britain many people don’t like other people to touch them at all!
Do you look at people when you talk? In some places, it isn’t polite to look at people when you talk, but in other countries it isn’t polite to look somewhere else. In Britain and the US, people usually look at each other when they talk.
And how do you say goodbye? That’s easy, wave to say goodbye. But be careful! In Greece, it’s not at all polite! In fact, it’s very rude!
As the host, it’s polite to welcome the foreign students. To help them know our customs well, we’d better prepare some handbooks with Chinese etiquette as gifts. From the handbooks, they may know what to do when they meet Chinese people first, and also how to behave at the table and what they are supposed to do when visiting Chinese friends. What’s more, we plan to organize a welcome party in which we’ll communicate better with each other.
With these help, I’m sure they could get used to the life in China soon.
1. What are you supposed to do when to talk to American people?| A．To stand close. | B．To shake hands freely. |
| C．To look at each other. | D．To hug each other. |
| A．Angry. | B．Glad. | C．Surprised. | D．Worried. |
| A．The space between them. | B．The body language to show. |
| C．The eyes communication. | D．The ways to say goodbye. |
| A．A welcome ceremony. | B．The different customs. |
| C．A plan for a meeting. | D．The style of handbooks. |
| A．Partners. | B．Classmates. | C．Parents and children. | D．Teacher and students. |
