When two people meet, there are a lot of ways of greeting. The ways of greeting are not always the same in different countries.
In America, two people usually greet each other with a handshake. It is a way to show respect (尊重) to the other person. Athletes (运动员) from opposite teams shake hands before a game for the same reason. However, most Americans don’t shake hands when they meet people they already know well. When American friends meet each other, they might only wave (挥手), or maybe just nod (点头) their heads.
Kissing is sometimes used as a way to greet someone. In France, when people meet, they kiss each other on the face.
In Japan, people bow to each other every time they meet. Even family members bow to each other. How low to bow depends on how respected the other person is.
Today, new ways of greeting are created all the time. People can do this with a quick “hi”, a handshake, or even a simple smile. The important thing is that the people they are greeting understand them.
1. What does the passage mainly talk about?2. Why do athletes from opposite teams shake hands before a game in America?
3. Do all American friends greet each other with a handshake when they meet each other?
4. Where do French men kiss each other when they meet?
5. How low does one Japanese bow to the other person?
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Not all penguins (企鹅) live in cold places. African penguins live in the south of Africa. Like other penguins, African penguins spend most of the day feeding in the sea, and that helps keep them cool. They also stay in some cool places when they can.
Most other penguins lay their eggs in the open. But African penguins do it in a different way. They dig holes (洞) to lay their eggs so that they can protect the eggs from the sun’s heat (高温). The baby penguins stay in the holes for about three weeks. Then, they are old enough to go out. But they need to return to the hole to stay cool from time to time and stay away from dangerous animals. On land, some animals such as dogs and cats will eat them.
The African penguin is in danger now. There are only about 52,000 African penguins left in the wild. People pick penguin eggs for sale. The oil (石油) is polluting the sea, so the penguins are losing their home.
| African penguins Living habits • They live in the • They lay their eggs in holes because the weather is • The baby penguins stay in the holes for about Living conditions • There are only about 52,000 African penguins in the wild. • People pick penguin eggs to  |
When two people meet, there are a lot of ways of greeting. But the ways of greeting are not always the same in different countries.
Two people usually greet each other with a handshake in America. It is a way to show respect (尊敬) to the other person. Players from opposite teams shake hands before a game for the same reason. However, most Americans don’t shake hands when they meet people they have already known well. When American friends meet each other, they might only wave (挥手), or maybe just nod their heads.
There is a special way of greeting called “Hongi” (触鼻礼) in New Zealand. In the greeting, two people press their noses and foreheads (前额) together and close their eyes. This is an old tradition that comes from the Maori (毛利人), who were the first people to live in New Zealand. Even today, many New Zealanders still press their foreheads when they meet.
People bow to each other every time when they meet in Japan. Even family members bow to each other. People decide how low to bow depending on how respected the other person is.
Today, new ways of greeting are created all the time. People can do this with a quick “hi”, a handshake, or even a simple smile. The important thing is that the people they are greeting understand them.
1. Why do players from opposite teams shake hands before a game?2. How many countries are mentioned in this passage?
3. Do New Zealanders press their ears when they meet?
4. What do people do when they meet every time in Japan?
5. What is the passage mainly about?
【推荐3】Any time an astronaut gets out of a vehicle while in space, it is called a spacewalk. Astronauts go on spacewalks for many reasons. Spacewalks let astronauts work out of their spacecraft while still in space. Astronauts can do science experiments on a spacewalk. Experiments can be placed on the put side of a spacecraft. This lets scientists learn how things are different when they are in space.
Spacewalks also let astronauts test new equipment (仪器). They can repair satellites (卫星) or spacecraft that are in space. By going on spacewalks, astronauts no longer need to bring equipment back to Earth to fix.
When astronauts go on spacewalks, spacesuits keep them safe. Inside spacesuits, astronauts have the oxygen they need to breathe.They have the water they need to drink.
Astronauts put on their spacesuits several hours before a spacewalk. The suits are filled with oxygen. Once in their suits, astronauts breathe pure oxygen for a few hours. Breathing only oxygen removes all the nitrogen (氮气) in an astronaut’s body. If they didn’t do that, the astronauts might get gas bubbles in their body when they walked in space. These gas bubbles can cause astronauts to feel pain in their shoulders, elbows and knees.
Astronauts are now ready to get out of their spacecraft. They leave the spacecraft through a special door called an airlock (气闸室). The airlock has two doors. When astronauts are inside the spacecraft, the airlock is closed so no air can get out. When astronauts get ready to go on a spacewalk, they go through the first door and lock it tight behind them. They can then open the second door without any air getting out of the spacecraft. After a spacewalk, astronauts go back inside through the airlock.
When on a spacewalk, astronauts use safety tethers (系绳) to stay close to their spacecraft. Tethers are like ropes. One end is tied to the spacewalker. The other end is connected to the spacecraft. The safety tethers keep astronauts from floating away into space. Astronauts also use tethers to keep tools from floating away.
What is spacewalk? | |
| ● Astronauts can walk ● Scientists learn how being in space can ● Astronauts can fix things in space | |
| How do astronauts go on spacewalks? | ● They wear spacesuits to ● Astronauts may feel pain |
| How do astronauts stay | ● The airlock is a place of ● Astronauts use tethers to |
【推荐1】Paris is the capital of France. Its subway is very special (特别的). You can enjoy its culture (文化) when you are in this city.
Look, you can see many people listening to music with their headsets (耳机) on the subway. When they are on the subway or at the station, there is always a book in the hand, too.
The subway station in Paris is not big. However, each of them has its special things. Some stations look like ships. Some have clothes, hats and shoes. And every station has a big ad picture. But many of them are for selling clothes and cosmetics (化妆品).
You can meet some beggars (乞丐) on the subway. But the beggars on the Paris subway are also very special. They enjoy playing the violin or guitar. After playing, it is natural (自然的) for them to go around the train and ask you for some money. They think they should get the money because of their show.
If you want to learn more about Paris, go to the subway and enjoy its culture by yourself.
The Subway in Paris | |
| Main feeling | The subway is not the |
| Special things | ★ People are always listening to ★The subway in Paris is ★ The beggars on the subway don’t feel shy to ask for money |
【推荐2】2023 is the Year of the Rabbit! Maybe now is the best time to talk about this lovely animal in the eyes of different cultures.
Rabbits in Chinese culture
There is a thought of rabbits in Chinese culture as being smart and gentle. In the story of Chang’e, the rabbit was kept as a pet. Also, the Chinese think rabbits can bring good luck. In ancient China, it was a common sense that the more children you had, the luckier and happier you would be. While rabbits can have more children in short periods of time.
Rabbits in Western culture
It is a sign of good luck if a hunter（猎人）is able to catch a rabbit first. Rabbits are also connected with the chocolate eggs eaten at Easter（复活节）. And in the book Alice in Wonderland, a rabbit helped Alice to have a wonderful trip.
Rabbits appear all over the world, and they’re always animals to be welcome. Wish you luck in the Year of the Rabbit!
Rabbits in Different Cultures | |
| In | In Western culture |
| Being smart and gentle | Being very |
| Being the | Being connected with Easter |
| Bringing good luck | |
| Rabbits are welcome in both the | |
The Double Ninth Festival（重阳节）is a special day for older people in China. On this holiday, younger people usually show love and respect for older people.
There are many ways in which Chinese people express their respect. When an older person enters a room, everyone ① up. People are introduced from the oldest to the ② . When we present a book to an older person, two hands are used. Young people always offer their seats to older people on a crowded subway or bus.
In western countries, however, older people seldom think they are old. They are called "seniors" instead of "old people". They'd rather do everything themselves. Even after retirement（退休）, they take on hobbies, part-time jobs and new activities to keep their bodies working well. Westerners respect their older people, too. Seniors usually take trains and buses for free. They are given discounts （折扣） in stores and restaurants.
But western seniors don’t often live with their children-they live alone. For holidays, the family usually gather at the grandparents' homes. A great smile and a warm hug for their parents are enough for children to show their respect.
1 题根据短文内容，分别写出①、②处所缺单词。（每空限填一词）；2题找出并写下第二段的主题句；3题将文中画线的句子译成汉语；4题从短文中找出与下面句子意思相近的句子；5题简略回答问题。
1. ①
2.
3.
4. Seniors don't need to pay when they take trains or buses.
5. What do "seniors" in western countries do after retirement?
【推荐1】What should we do when there is an accident in the school? How to give first aid in this situation? The following may help you.
Check the situation. Are there things that might be dangerous to you? Are you and the victim (受害者) in danger of fire, smoke, a falling building or other dangerous things? Don’t put yourself into a situation where you could get hurt. If helping the victim will be dangerous to your life, ask for professional (专业的) help immediately. Professional people have better training and know what to do in these situations. First aid isn’t helpful if you can’t do it without hurting yourself.
Call for help. Call medical help immediately if you believe someone is seriously hurt. If you are the only person there, try to keep the victim breathing (呼吸) before you call for help. Don’t leave the victim alone for a long time.
Care for the victim. Care for the victim with both physical treatment (身体治疗) and emotional support (精神支持). Remember to stay calm and let the person know that help is on its way and everything will be all right.
1. What kind of situation shouldn’t you put yourself into?任务A：补全1-3题的信息。每空限填一词。
任务B：根据文章内容，用一句话回答4题。不超过15个词。
Many people think dreams are full of messages that may not be clear to us common people. But if we think about what is going on in our lives, we can usually come up with an answer. Let’s look at some of the most common dreams. What are the meanings of these dreams?
Falling
You’re falling, falling, falling... and then you wake up. This dream is said to mean you are afraid of something or worried about something. Another explanation is that you may experience failure in something. Maybe you’re not doing well in school or work.
Taking an exam (or forgetting that you have one)
You suddenly realize you have to take an exam at that very moment. You might be running here and there to find your classroom. Scientists say this dream may mean you’re being tested about something or maybe you are facing a difficult problem.
Flying
Dreaming that you are flying means you are on top of things. You can control the things that matter to you. It may also mean you have confidence in yourself and think no one and nothing can beat you.
Trying to run, but going nowhere
You’re trying to run, but either of your legs won’t move or you simply aren’t going anywhere. Some scientists think this dream means you’re trying to do too many things at once and can’t catch up or move forward.
The meanings of the dreams
Descriptions of dreams | Answers to dreams |
| Falling | * You have something to be ________ of or worry about. * You may fail in something like school or work. |
| Taking an exam (or forgetting that you have one) | * Maybe you’re being tested about something. * You may face something ________. |
| Flying | * You’re able to control what matters to you. * You believe in yourself and think that you can beat anyone and anything. |
| Trying to run, but going nowhere | * You’re trying to do too many things at the same time and it stops you from ________ forward. |
2.
3.
4. What do you usually do if you feel worried?
【推荐3】Cricket(板球) is Australia’s most popular summer sport. It is so popular that many people say summer does not start until Australians play their cricket game of the season. It is known as the “Summer of Cricket”. Most Australians will watch games on TV, listen to the commentary(评论) on the radio or play games themselves.
Many even go to the gym and watch games in person. Two teams of 11 people play against each other. They take turns hitting a leather(皮革) ball with a wooden bat. The batsmen(击球手) hit the ball to score goals. The team that scores the most goals wins.
Some of Australia’s biggest celebrities(名人) are cricket players. The sport is also very popular in the UK, India, South Africa and Sri Lanka.
There are more and more cricket competitions starting in China. China has its own men’s and women’s cricket teams that are gradually getting better.
任务1: 阅读短文(B), 根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词。
1. p
2. a
任务2: 阅读短文(B), 进行同义句转换，每空一词。
The team that scores the most goals wins.
The team that scores the most goals is _______ _______.
3.
4.
任务3: 根据短文(B)内容回答问题。
5. What is the most popular summer sport in Australia?
6. How many players are there in each cricket team?
7. Where is cricket very popular?
【推荐1】Culture shock
When we first visit another country, we may have a strange feeling. We call this feeling “culture shock”. People have culture shock for A. ___________ reasons. They may not know the language and local culture of the country. They may also miss their families and friends. To B. deal with culture shock, you can:
●C. 尝试结交新朋友.
●Try new things, like the local food.
●Keep a diary. Write about all your new experience.
●Call your parents and friends and tell them about these new things.
Eye contact
In Western countries, using eye contact in conversations is very important. If you do not use eye contact, Westerners may think that you are D.___________ listening. And if you look away, they may also think that you are lying.
Not using eye contact can cause E. problems, but using too much is not polite either. In many countries, F. watching other people, especially strangers, for a long time is impolite. This may make them feel nervous.
1. 在画线部分A.和D.的空白处各填入一个适当的单词。2. 写出画线部分B.和E.的同义词或近义词。
3. 将画线部分C.译成英语。
4. 将画线部分F.改写为
5. 在文中找出两个说明“culture shock”和“eye contact”的形容词。
In different cultures, people do things in different ways. Moving the head up and down means “Yes” in Europe and the United States. However, in Greece and Turkiye, it means “No”.
For business people, differences like those can cause serious misunderstanding. To avoid those, many businessmen attend classes to learn about other cultures. Here are a few things they’ve learnt.
Greeting clients (客户) correctly is important in business. However, customs about greeting people are different among cultures. North American men and women often shake hands when they meet. In Japan, people often bow. It’s often necessary to invite a client to lunch or dinner. However, customs about eating are also different from culture to culture. In the west, people eat with knives and forks. In the east, people eat with chopsticks.
Sometimes business people visit the homes of their clients. In most countries, it’s the custom to take a small gift. In some countries, it’s impolite to give white flowers or a watch or a clock. And it’s also a problem to know how much money should be spent on a gift. So it’s the most important to know about the culture and customs.
| Because of different cultures, people do things in different |
Why do many Chinese people refuse to cut their hair during the first month of the lunar year?
This is because people believe that getting a haircut during the first lunar month is not a good idea. Tradition says that doing so will cause your mother’s brothers to die. （A）________ it’s not true, some people still believe it.
So, after a month’s wait, people usually cut their hair on Dragon Head-Raising Day-the second day of the second lunar month. It was once a tradition to line up outside of barber shops on this day.
Dragon Head-Raising Day falls on Mar. 14th this year. It is an important traditional Chinese holiday. Ancient people believed that after this day, rainfall would increase because the rain-bringing Dragon King would wake up from his winter sleep. So that day is the start of spring and farming.
As a well-known saying goes, （B）“On the second day of the second month, the dragon lifts his head.”
（C）________ cutting their hair, there are also other ways to celebrate this holiday. For example, people eat food with “dragon names”. Noodles are dragon’s beard. Dumplings are dragon’s ears and spring rolls are dragon’s scales（龙鳞）.
1. 根据上下文，在（A）（C）两处填入恰当的单词。（A）
2. 在短文中找到与所给句子意思最相近的语句。
As a tradition, people used to wait in line to have a haircut on Dragon Head-Raising Day.
3. People eat food with “dragon names” to celebrate the holiday, please write two kinds of food.
4. 结合上下文，将（B）处句子译为中文：
5. What does the passage mainly talk about?
| A．Customs on Dragon Head-Raising Day |
| B．The food with “dragon names” |
| C．The history of Dragon Head-Raising Day |
