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题型:阅读理解-单选 难度:0.4 引用次数:157 题号:22342009

China sent a new X-ray astronomical satellite in space, Einstein Probe, on Jan. 9, 2024.

According to Yuan Weimin, a researcher of the satellite project, the satellite is expected to find the first light from supernova explosions (超新星爆炸) in the universe, monitor high-energy transient (瞬态) objects in the universe, which are now poorly understood by scientists.

When developing the satellite, a new generation of detection equipment (探测设备) with large fields of view and high sensitivity (灵敏度) was needed. But the important question was how to make such equipment.

Lobsters (龙虾) are a kind of sea animal which can be found around the world. Scientists discovered early on that lobsters’ eyes are different from other animals’. Lobsters’ eyes are made up of lots of tiny square tubes, pointing to the same center, which allows light from all directions to reflect in the tubes and meet on the retina (视网膜), which gives lobsters a large field of view. Scientists then simulated (模仿) the lobsters’ eyes to create a telescope to catch X-rays in space.

Through working together with other organizations, the X-ray Imaging Laboratory began the research and development work on lobster-eye X-ray imaging technology in 2010 and finally made a breakthrough.

“Thanks to the lobster-eye telescope technology, the Einstein Probe is able to monitor the poorly known soft X-ray band with a large field of view and high sensitivity,” Yuan said.

1. What is Einstein Probe?
A.A newly-found planet.B.A newly-built space station.
C.A new X-ray astronomical satellite.D.A new telescope technology.
2. Why was Einstein Probe sent in space?
A.To enlarge the field of view.B.To catch the supernova explosion.
C.To monitor the sensitivity of objects.D.To improve the detection equipment.
3. How did scientists create the telescope technology?
A.By simulating the lobsters’ eyes.B.By observing lobsters’ movement.
C.By doing experiments on sea animals.D.By comparing lobsters with other sea animals.
4. What can we infer from the passage?
A.The new detection equipment looked like a lobster.
B.Scientists knew nothing about supernova explosion.
C.China is the first country to send Einstein Probe into space.
D.The lobster-eye telescope technology leads to Einstein Probe’s success.

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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人现在能为人们做的事情比如做饭、帮助人们处理基本事务、教课等,科学家们一直在为机器人寻找更多的方法来帮助我们人类。

【推荐1】Robbie looks out of the window. It’s still snowing heavily and there is ice on the window. It is another day. Robbie is told to do the cleaning. And he does it. The family are getting home. So after he turns the heat on, he begins to cook supper for the family. All of the housework is easy for Robbie, but a hard one for its master, Helen. Robbie really saves the family a lot of work.

ASIMO is a clever robot created by the Honda Motor Company. He is about 120 centimeters tall and looks like a kid in a spacesuit. Tiny computers are used to control the things ASIMO can do. He can shake hands with people, give and receive objects. He can walk and run forward or backward on two legs. Besides, he can also talk and understand many voice commands (指令). When something is in his way, he can change directions.

Mr. Green is a fourth grade robot teacher. He never forgets details and he makes no mistakes. He even knows each child’s pets and hobbies. He has his lessons in an orderly way, and he never feels tired. The children like Mr. Green very much. They feel happy and relaxed in his class. When they make a mistake, they don’t feel upset. They have a lot of fun with a robot teacher.

Robots are smart because they have computer brains. Some of them have explored other planets. These machines also do many jobs in factories and other places. For example, robots are used to make cars. People also use robots to do dangerous work such as exploring volcanoes (火山) or the ocean floor. Robots are also used to give directions in shopping centers and amusement parks (游乐园). Scientists keep finding more ways for robots to help us.

1. What’s Robbie?
A.A cook.B.A teacher.C.A cleaner.D.A robot.
2. What do the underlined words “does it” refer to?
A.Looking out of the window.B.Doing the cleaning.
C.Turning the heat on.D.Cooking for the family.
3. Which of the following is ASIMO?
A.B.C.D.
4. According to the passage, what have robots been able to do so far?
①Explore other planets.
②Feel upset when making mistakes.
③Walk and run on two legs.
④Talk and understand voice commands.
⑤Explore the ocean floor.
A.①②③④B.②③④⑤C.①②④⑤D.①③④⑤
5. What is the structure of the passage? (P=Paragraph)
A.B.C.D.
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文章大意:本文介绍了处理海洋污染的机器人——垃圾鲨鱼。

【推荐2】Plastic pollution (塑料污染) in the ocean is bad for the environment. It takes years to break down and is difficult to clean up. However, a robot named WasteShark can help to solve the problem.

It collects plastic waste and other rubbish in rivers and near the seaside. Like a real shark, the robot has a big “mouth” on its face. It can help the waste get into its body. The robot is so small that it can get into narrow areas of water. People can use it from 3 kilometers away. It can also follow GPS maps on its own. WasteShark can move through the water at 3 kilometers each hour and clean at most 500 kilos of waste every day.

Collecting plastic waste on the land is easy and not expensive, but it’s different in the ocean. When plastic waste gets into the ocean, it’s very hard to collect because it will break down and turn into small pieces slowly.

Several WasteSharks are already being used around the world, including the US, the UK, India, South Korea and South Africa.

1. The WasteShark can ________.
A.collect waste in the waterB.find sharks in the ocean
C.collect only plastic in the seaD.help people keep away from sharks
2. What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase “break down” in Paragraph 1?
A.打破B.降解C.再生D.摧毁
3. The following countries are already using WasteShark EXCEPT ________.
A.IndiaB.the UKC.JapanD.America
4. According to the passage, what can WasteShark do?
A.WasteShark can collect waste in the ocean easier and less expensive than collect it near the shore.
B.WasteShark can’t get into narrow areas of water.
C.WasteShark can clean at least 500 kilos of waste every day.
D.WasteShark can follow GPS maps by itself.
5. The passage is mainly to ________.
A.explain how plastic pollutes the seaB.tell people to save the sharks
C.tell us about WasteSharkD.show why people like WasteShark
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【推荐3】Modern inventions make our life easier and more interesting than before. Let’s take a look at some inventions.

A new kind of enzyme(酶)

Scientists in Britain and the United States have found a new kind of enzyme that eats plastics. With its help, plastics can be turned into smaller parts and go away quickly. It can stop plastics from being burned everywhere. Scientists believe that it can solve the problem of plastic pollution in the future.

Social robot


Can robots talk to us like humans? Jibo, a robot made in US, can talk with you. The robot has a big, round head and a big body with no eyes or mouth. It uses animated icons (动画图标) to show emotions(情绪). It just seems like a real human. Right now, Jibo can only do some easy things, like taking photos and reading news to you. But it may learn to do new things in the future.

Spark

Spark is a new drone(无人驾驶飞机) made by a Chinese company in Shenzhen. It can help people take photos and videos. Spark might be the smallest drone ever made. When folded, it is as small as a Coke can. The coolest part is that users can control the small drone just by using hand gestures. For example, if you wave your hand from left to right, the drone will fly in the same way. When you want it to land you just put your hand out.


The drone will come to you and land on your hand.


根据短文内容选择最佳答案,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. According to the scientists, the new kind of enzyme can__________.
A.solve the problem of air pollution
B.stop plastics from being thrown everywhere
C.help plastics to burn quickly
D.help plastics to turn into smaller parts
2. We can learn that Jibo__________according to the text.
A.is a person with a big, round head
B.has big eyes and a big mouth
C.can take photos and read news to people
D.can do many difficult things
3. According to the text, what can we know about spark?
A.Spark is bigger than any other drones ever made.
B.Spark can be controlled by hand gestures.
C.Spark can only fly towards the same direction.
D.Spark is created by scientists from a US company.
4. Which of the following is Not true according to the text?
A.The enzyme is helpful in protecting the environment.
B.The social robot can only do something easy.
C.Spark can help people take photos and videos.
D.The social robot and Spark can both take photos and read news.
5. Where is this text most probably from?
A.A science report.B.A school introduction
C.A shopping poster.D.a trip advertisement.
2020-02-28更新 | 129次组卷
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